Probably every person in our country has encountered disposable tableware. And it doesn’t matter at all what it was made of: paper or plastic. Before you find out what equipment you should purchase for the production of disposable tableware, let’s figure out why this is worth doing.
Advantages of the presented products
So, among the advantages we can highlight the following:
- ease of use;
- very low cost;
- environmental Safety;
- convenience;
- high demand.
Naturally, equipment for the production of disposable tableware cannot be called simple, since it is capable of performing dozens of different operations. However, the amount of possible income completely covers any disadvantages.
What are the dishes made of?
Naturally, in order to stamp products, you must first purchase raw materials. For production, you can use both paper and polyethylene. Moreover, in the second case, production is cheaper. However, paper dishes are safer.
The purchase of raw materials should be made from several trusted suppliers. In addition, recyclable materials are excellent for such production, the cost of which is very low. If you decide to choose polyethylene, then keep in mind that making dishes from it is quite difficult. However, the products are more durable and can be used in the microwave.
What equipment is needed for the job?
In order to organize your own workshop, you need to know what equipment to purchase for the production of disposable tableware. So, you will need:
- injection molding machine (designed to work with polypropylene and polystyrene);
- thermoforming machine;
- extruder - thanks to it, flat sheets can be obtained from polyethylene granules;
- packing table;
- crusher - used for crushing recyclable materials;
- chiller - this machine for the production of disposable tableware provides cooling of workpieces;
- compressor.
In principle, this equipment is quite enough to start a business. Then you can expand and buy more powerful and functional machines.
How to choose the right equipment?
This question is not too difficult. First you need to decide on the parameters of the machines, and then look for a suitable model. For example, to begin with, low-power equipment with average performance will be more sufficient for you.
However, even it is not that cheap. Therefore, to begin with, it is quite possible to use used cars. Naturally, they should be in good condition, and not break down every week. But here it depends.
If you decide to purchase a new line, please note that you should order a machine for the production of disposable tableware only from a trusted manufacturer who enjoys a positive reputation.
When choosing, try to carefully consider all the devices. The seller must provide you with all necessary accompanying certificates.
Features of the production of polyethylene tableware
It is cheaper both in production and on the market. The manufacturing process of such material is quite complicated. It consists of the following stages:
1. To begin with, the sorted raw materials in the form of granules are thrown into an extruder, where under the influence of high temperature it turns into a homogeneous semi-liquid mass. Mixing inside the bunker is carried out using an auger.
2. The resulting mass is squeezed out through a thin slit. The result is a long and wide sheet, the thickness of which varies within a few millimeters. It all depends on how the shafts are configured, and they must work accurately and correctly. If you have a functional extruder, then with its help you can get a multilayer film. In any case, its thickness should be the same along its entire length.
As you can see, the manufacturing process is quite complicated. The machines must be operated by experienced operators who can control the automatic system using a remote control. Naturally, strict safety rules must be observed during operation.
Features of manufacturing dishes from laminated cardboard
First of all, it should be noted that equipment for the production of disposable paper tableware is produced only abroad. The fact is that such a business is not very popular in our country, due to the fairly high cost of primary raw materials. However, if you still decide to do this, then look for German, American, Korean or Chinese devices.
Plastic containers are currently the most popular packaging. It is used for packaging both food and industrial products. The types of such containers are varied: these are bottles, buckets, containers, bottles, and containers for eggs. They all differ in size and thickness. The production of plastic containers is not a complicated process, and opening such a business can bring considerable income.
Technology
There are several methods for producing plastic containers; the choice is usually dictated by the type of product needed.
Extrusion method - this is how many types of hollow containers (bottles, vials) are made from granular thermoplastic materials (PVC, PP, LDPE, PET).
Vacuum forming method - used for the production of bottles, cups, blisters, boxes for sweets and cakes made of polystyrene, ABS, PVC, PET and polypropylene.
Casting (blow) method - used in the manufacture of bottles from polyethylene and polypropylene.
The general technological process is as follows. First, a mold of the product is manufactured (or purchased). Each type of container has its own shape. The color of a plastic bottle depends on the color of the mold into which dyes are added during manufacturing. The raw material enters the receiving hopper and melts (plasticized), then it is injected under pressure into molds, the further process depends on the type of container: either it is immediately cooled and removed from the mold, or the workpiece is placed in a matrix for further molding. A vacuum is created in the matrix, due to which the workpiece takes the desired shape, then the matrix is cooled and the product is removed from it. During production, it is possible to use secondary raw materials, previously crushed on a special machine.
When choosing equipment, the following parameters of the injection units of the machine are taken into account:
Design and technological features: without pre-plasticization and with pre-plasticization. In the first case, the injection of material occurs together with plasticization. In the second, the raw material is first melted and then put into the mold.
Plasticization method: piston and screw. It is not recommended to buy piston machines, since when using them it is difficult to regulate the molding process, and there are also large losses of raw materials during injection.
Design design (one, two and three cylinders). The productivity of the machine depends on the number of cylinders. Single-cylinder ones are used for thin-walled products. Double-cylinder – for two-color thick-walled products.
Number of screws (one and two screws).
The most functional are single-cylinder screw-type designs.
Prices for equipment and raw materials
- thermoforming machine (productivity - 850 cycles per hour) - 400-800 thousand rubles;
- vacuum forming machine (60 cycles per hour) – 120 thousand rubles;
- extrusion blow molding machine (300 bottles/hour) – 300 thousand rubles;
- rotary plastic shredder – 100 thousand rubles;
- milling and engraving machine – 150-600 thousand rubles;
- water cooler – 10 thousand rubles;
- water ring vacuum pump – 10 thousand rubles;
- compressor – 30 thousand rubles.
- polypropylene 30-75 rub/kg;
- polyethylene - 32 rubles/kg;
- ABS plastic – from 1000 rubles/sheet;
- PVC – from 20 thousand rubles/t;
- polystyrene - from 1250 rub/m3.
Premises and staff
The entire room should include several departments:
- administrative and amenity premises;
- production part;
- storage room for finished products;
- premises for storing raw materials;
- bathroom
The number of service personnel and the area of the premises depend on the amount of equipment. For example, to service one main machine (thermoforming or extrusion) and other auxiliary equipment, you will need about 3 people per shift and a room of 55 square meters. m.
The total area will be 80-100 square meters. m. The total number of employees during three-shift work, taking into account the accountant, driver, support workers and management personnel, will be about 13 people.
Investments
The initial investment, taking into account the purchase of equipment (several injection molding machines and auxiliary equipment), rent of premises, salary, purchase of raw materials, will amount to about 2.5 - 3 million rubles. The amount of revenue from income is 25%. The payback period for the business is 12-15 months.
Cherukhina Kristina
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Production of disposable tableware: market analysis + how to register an enterprise + technological features of the production of disposable tableware + raw materials for polystyrene tableware + where to rent premises + personnel search + what profit will the production of disposable tableware bring.
In the 20th century, they could not even imagine that there would be an alternative to heavy ceramic and clay cups and plates. The production of disposable tableware was a breakthrough and a world discovery.
Plates and glasses made of plastic or paper are lightweight, you can take them with you on the road, or use them on trips to nature. The price for such a product is low, so disposable tableware is thrown away after a feast without a single regret.
There is demand for the product all year round, especially in the summer, when people go on picnics, so this can be an excellent business venture for Russian entrepreneurs.
We analyze the sales market
In the 20th century, plastic utensils were imported only from abroad, so the price for such goods was too high and there was little demand. In the 21st century, a ban was imposed on the import of polystyrene products to Russia. Many businessmen took advantage of this and began to open their own production of disposable tableware.
Every year, demand from the population has only increased, and this trend - growing popularity - continues to persist.
We can conclude: a novice entrepreneur has every chance to find his niche in the production of disposable tableware.
Who is the wholesale buyer of disposable tableware:
- Public catering points.
- Street stalls selling fast food and hot drinks.
- Outdoor cafes and bars.
- Organizations engaged in catering (food delivery and organizing lunches).
- Points selling drinks from vending machines.
Supermarkets also buy disposable tableware, which then sell glasses, plates, and cutlery at retail.
Today people have learned to use polystyrene dishes not only for their intended purpose, but also to create unique products with their own hands. This allows us to reduce the harmful impact on the environment, because the product gets a second life.
As you can see, opening your own production of plastic tableware is a profitable endeavor, especially if no one is doing this in your region yet. You will be able to cover the entire region and even neighboring areas, offering them favorable prices for goods.
How to register a business producing disposable tableware?
What to choose - LLC or individual entrepreneur? Much depends on the volume of goods you plan to enter the market with.
If an enterprise aims to fill the market of one city, then it is enough. This is easy to do by collecting a minimum package of documents.
Documents for registration of individual entrepreneur:
- Application form No. Р21001 (you can download the example from the link - https://www.nalog.ru/cdn/form/4162994.zip)
- When you meet with the tax inspector, you need to have your passport and TIN code with you.
- Pay the state fee (800 rubles). You can do this online through a special service: https://service.nalog.ru/gp2.do
- Submit an application to pay taxes according to the simplified tax system or another form of taxation at your discretion.
Do not forget to indicate in your application the activity code 25.24.2 “Production of plastic tableware, kitchen utensils, and toiletries.”
You do not need to obtain a license to organize production. However, you will be subject to inspections from the Fire Inspectorate, SES, and Rospotrebnadzor, from which you must receive a certificate of product quality and compliance with GOSTs. It is prohibited to start production without permission from supervisory authorities.
The production must have the following documents that confirm the quality of the products:
Payments to clients are carried out, in our time, most often by bank transfer, so it is worth opening a bank account and ordering a stamp in your name.
Disposable tableware production technology
Thanks to modern equipment, the production process itself is reduced to minimal human effort. Most of the work is done by conveyors and presses.Let us describe the technology for producing disposable tableware in stages:
- Raw materials are brought to production in polystyrene granules or other substances intended for the production of disposable plastic tableware. It enters a flat-slot extruder, where the process of mixing polystyrene granules with water under the influence of heat occurs to obtain a special melt.
- The finished mixture is squeezed out through a flat slot. The shafts are made from the mass into sheets several millimeters thick.
- The sheet must enter the vacuum forming machine. It is at this stage that the material takes the form of utensils - glass, plate, fork, spoon.
- Then special equipment recalculates the amount of dishes and then packs them.
Each equipment and the tableware material itself has its own specific requirements for temperature during production, shaft power, etc. The technologist must take such details into account in order to obtain as few defective products as possible.
We will also describe in addition the technology for producing paper tableware.
Let’s make a reservation right away that disposable paper cups or plates are environmentally friendly, and also not so harmful to people’s health. Unfortunately, their production is much more expensive than making tableware from plastic.
This is due to the high cost of the final product, and, as a rule, our people are accustomed to choosing cheaper goods. This is why disposable cups and plates are not as popular as .
Technology for the production of disposable paper tableware:
- A design is applied to special laminated paper (material density 120-128 g/m2), and then divided into small sheets. Their size should approximately correspond to the circumference and height of the future dishes.
- The finished sheet is wrapped around a given shape, and the seam is welded using a special machine.
- The half-finished item is removed from the mold. If it is a glass, the bottom is inserted into it and sealed in the same way.
Although the technology for producing paper tableware is much simpler than that of plastic items, the material is expensive. As a rule, paper is imported from abroad, although recently domestic manufacturers have also been trying to provide raw materials for the production of disposable paper tableware.
Purchase of raw materials for the production of disposable tableware
Granulated polystyrene is the basis for the production of plastic tableware. Outwardly, it looks like small white balls. This material is used in the full cycle of tableware production, including the stage of melting granules.
The average price of granulated polystyrene is 50,000 rubles per ton.
There is also a ready-made film made of polystyrene or polypropylene. All that is needed to make dishes from it is to shape the final product.
The price of half-finished raw materials, of course, will be higher than for just polystyrene granules. But, using film, you can save on the purchase of equipment by purchasing only a dish mold and a packaging machine.
The price of polystyrene film is about 120,000 rubles per ton.
Necessary equipment for the production of disposable tableware
The production of disposable tableware is divided into two cycles - full(when purchasing polystyrene granules) and incomplete(when purchasing ready-made film for forming dishes).
We invite you to consider how much equipment for the production of disposable tableware costs at full cycle.
The line for the production of disposable tableware consists of the following equipment:
- Mixer for mixing granules.
- Sheet extruder.
- Molding machine.
- Forming press.
- Dish stacker.
- Machine for counting dishes.
- Chiller.
- Compressor.
- Crusher for processing sheets or scrap, i.e. for a waste-free production process.
The price of such a kit varies between 6-8 million rubles. You can buy it in Russia or order it from foreign partners. To save money, you can purchase a used line, but in this case you will not have a guarantee for servicing the equipment.
If you want to produce glasses and plates using an incomplete cycle, you only need a forming line and a machine for packaging dishes. In this case, the purchase of equipment will cost 1-2 million rubles.
At the same time, in 1 hour of operation the machine will be able to produce up to 150,000 glasses, but, unfortunately, the strength of such dishes will not be at the highest level. But in 1 hour of operation, the complete equipment can produce 30 thousand glasses and approximately the same number of plates, spoons, and forks.
Don’t forget to add comfort to production - buy furniture for the staff, arrange an office for the technologist and accountant. All working personnel must be in uniform, have respirators, and goggles so that harmful substances do not spoil their health.
This expense item will amount to approximately another 150,000 rubles, but you should not save on the comfort of your subordinates.
Finding a suitable workshop
It is best to locate a workshop for the production of plastic tableware outside the city. Firstly, because the rent or purchase price of a building there will be significantly lower than in the urban area. Secondly, the production of plastic utensils is a hazardous industry; residents of nearby houses can file a complaint and complicate your work, or even prevent you from opening a workshop.The working area should be approximately 100-150 m2. When choosing a premises, a lot depends on the volume of products produced, so take this fact into account before you start searching for the right workshop.
The production facility should consist of the following rooms:
- Workshop with equipment.
- Finished goods warehouse.
- Warehouse for raw materials.
- Staff room.
- Toilet.
- Office for administrative staff.
Industrial equipment consumes a lot of electricity, so make sure that the electrical network is three-phase
and not less than 380 V.
In addition, the workshop must meet the following standards:
- The floor is concrete or tiled.
- 1.5 meters of walls from the floor level must be tiled or covered with other material that is considered fireproof.
- Due to the massive equipment, ceilings must be at least 4.5 meters high.
- Be sure to install powerful ventilation, supply water and adjust the gas supply to heat the room.
You will have to pay about 80,000 rubles for rent every month. The price is average; much of its determination depends on the renovation, region, distance from the city, availability of communications, etc.
You will also pay about 50,000 rubles for utility costs - electricity, gas, water, garbage removal.
Personnel for the production of disposable tableware
During the first months of the company's activity, the production director can take responsibility for product sales and accounting. This way you will save on wages for two positions at once. If the founder cannot cope with all the responsibilities, then it is worth hiring an assistant or specialist.
As for the line workers, they will have to be trained independently, because there is no such specialty. Equipment suppliers can provide you with training. Therefore, it is best to hire people in advance so that by the time the line is installed they are already on staff and everyone can learn how to use the equipment.
You can’t do production without a technologist. He must control the entire production process, purchase raw materials, monitor the supply of materials to the compress, etc. In addition, hire those who will take care of accounting at the warehouse of goods and raw materials.
| №. | Staff member | Number of staff | Salary (RUB/month) |
|---|---|---|---|
| TOTAL: | 173,000 rubles/month | ||
| 1. | Technologist | 1 | 25 000 |
| 2. | Accountant | 1 | 15 000 |
| 3. | Accountant | 2 | 24 000 |
| 4. | Line Operator | 6 | 60 000 |
| 5. | Loader | 1 | 9 000 |
| 6. | Driver | 1 | 9 000 |
| 7. | Cleaning woman | 1 | 6 000 |
| 8. | Equipment adjuster | 1 | 25 000 |
Depending on the scale of production, the number of personnel may vary.
Production of disposable tableware.
What equipment is used? Technology
production process.
Calculating the profitability of disposable tableware production
We invite you to pay attention to the full production cycle of tableware made from granulated polystyrene. Creating such a business will not be easy from a financial point of view, because you will have to make a lot of capital investments. But the profitability of this business will be much higher.
| Capital investments | Monthly expenses | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| TOTAL: 7,460,000 rubles | TOTAL: 8,229,080 rubles | ||
| Equipment purchase | 7 000 000 | Renting premises | 80 000 |
| Workshop setup | 150 000 | Staff salaries | 173 000 |
| Opening an individual entrepreneur and preparing documentation | From 10 000 | Purchase of raw materials (granulated polystyrene) | 5 000 000 |
| Buying a gazelle for transporting goods | 300 000 | Public utilities | 50 000 |
| Payment of taxes | 2 926 080 | ||
Now let’s calculate how many products the production can produce in 1 month of work (24 shifts) with an 8-hour work schedule:
Calculation of the cost of disposable tableware:
- To produce 1 million pieces. utensils (glasses, spoons, plates, forks are taken into account) made of polystyrene, you will need approximately 4 tons of granular material. As a rule, half of the neglected raw materials are waste; they are ultimately needed again for secondary products, so for 1 million products it is worth purchasing 8 tons of polystyrene.
- To ensure production operation for 1 month, you need to purchase approximately 200 tons of polystyrene. The purchase of raw materials will cost about 10 million rubles.
- The price of a glass (200 ml) and a flat plate is about 1.2 rubles. The price of a spoon and fork is about 50 kopecks.
- If the goods are fully sold, production revenue will be 19,507,200 rubles.
- Net profit will be 1.2 million rubles.
- To cover all the costs of purchasing equipment, you need to work for 9-12 months. Only then can we talk about making a net profit.
All calculations are approximate, because no attention was taken to the fact that the products would not be completely sold on the market. However, if you properly organize the production of disposable tableware, then success will come, and with it prosperity.
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Who among us has not been to a picnic? Starting in early spring, all people strive to spend more time in nature. Plastic dishes become indispensable for such trips. It is light, comfortable and accessible to everyone. Its sales volumes are growing every year. Steadily growing demand makes the production of plastic tableware a profitable and promising business.
- How much money do you need to start a business producing disposable tableware?
- What equipment to choose for making disposable tableware
- Disposable tableware production technology
- How much money do you need to start producing plastic tableware?
- How to choose equipment for the production of plastic tableware
- Plastic tableware production technology
The demand for these products in Russia has some seasonality. In summer and spring it is higher, but in winter stable sales will be ensured by agreements with lunch delivery companies, catering companies, snack bars and owners of vending machines. If you work well with wholesale buyers, you don’t have to worry about income during the winter months.
How much money do you need to start a business producing disposable tableware?
To start in this niche you will need at least 500 thousand dollars. The amount is quite large, so investors or bank loans are usually attracted. If you buy not new equipment, you can invest up to 200 thousand dollars. In general, the price of devices in Russia largely depends on the brand and manufacturer.
What equipment to choose for making disposable tableware
The most famous line manufacturers are German and American enterprises. Prices for these brands are high and vary depending on the power. For a novice businessman in Russia, we can recommend equipment from Taiwan or Korea for the production of disposable tableware. It also has different power levels. The production line consists of the following components:
| 1 | Injection molding machine. It works with materials such as polystyrene and polypropylene. |
| 3 | Extruder. It produces sheets of plastic from granular material, ready for further molding. Typically a roll has a diameter of 800 mm and a weight of about 200 kg. The thickness of the plastic, its color and width are set by the operator. Moreover, the overall dimensions are usually cut off after the material has hardened, after exiting the extruder. This waste is recycled for further production. The thickness of the plastic is directly related to the quality and technological capabilities of producing finished disposable tableware. The thicker the canvas, the deeper the drawing can be done at the next stage. For example, to make a glass 155 mm high, the material must be rolled to a thickness of 1.1 mm. For smaller disposable tableware, you can use plastic with a parameter of 0.6 mm. The quality, further purpose and cost of the product depend on all these dimensions. |
| 4 | Molding machines. In them, under the influence of temperature, the dishes themselves are made. Bobbins of plastic are installed on them. The material is heated and fed into the mold. Here it not only stretches, it must form and cool. The molding machine also removes unnecessary elements of the product. The finished dishes are blown out of the mold and accumulated on a special rack. |
Disposable tableware production technology
The technology is called the pneumatic forming method. The raw materials for production are translucent granules, 4 mm in size. They add waste from their own production, which was generated in previous cycles. They are finely crushed and mixed with fresh granules. Typically the content percentage is about 30, but in practice technologists often develop their own standards. They depend on:
Sometimes products are made entirely from recycled materials. The equipment allows this. Plastic utensils can be transparent or colored. The dye in the composition should be no more than 1-2% of the total volume.
The last stage of the technology is quality control and packaging of disposable tableware. The equipment usually works smoothly and without failures, but it happens that “slips” occur. Such products are removed and sent for recycling.
According to experts in Russia, approximately the same amount will be needed to furnish the premises, pay staff salaries, and pay overhead costs. The full payback of the business will not occur earlier than in 2-3 years. When planning a business, you need to consider the possibility of expanding it. As we said earlier, the demand for disposable tableware products is growing every year.
Thermoforming line.
Manufacturers of disposable tableware in any country, including Russia, are mini-factories. You can look for premises for them in the industrial zones of the city. On the outskirts, renting space will be cheaper, which will reduce the cost of finished products. In addition to the main workshop where the equipment will be located, it is necessary to provide storage facilities, an office for administration and living quarters for workers.
Since all plastic utensils will come into contact with food in the future, they must be safe for humans. It is mainly used for cold products. But if thick-walled polystyrene is used for production, it will be suitable for heating in microwave ovens. The equipment allows us to produce products from polypropylene. This material is thicker and can be used more than once to store food. Containers for refrigerators are made from it. The equipment has many possibilities. It is important for a businessman in Russia to decide on the type of product even before opening a workshop. It is better to choose dishes that are not produced in the region. You can make your products special in shape and color so that they are recognizable among consumers.
How much money do you need to start producing plastic tableware?
In this area of business, the main investments will go to renting premises and purchasing expensive equipment.
The purchase of equipment occurs in several stages: purchase, delivery to production, installation and configuration. Next, you need to train the staff in the necessary skills.
Basic equipment worth purchasing:
- molds (5 - 7 pieces) from 1 to 1.5 million rubles;
- extruder – about 1 million rubles;
- compressor - approximately 600 thousand rubles;
- thermoforming machine (2 - 3 pieces) - from 1.3 to 1.6 million rubles.
Additional costs will be spent on purchasing office equipment and organizing transportation (300 - 400 thousand rubles). Plus the salary of production workers (workers, cleaners, loaders, director, accountant) is about 600 thousand rubles.
Bottom line: this area of business requires large initial investments. To start this business you need 5–6 million rubles.
How to choose equipment for the production of plastic tableware
The necessary equipment is supplied by several countries at once. The cheapest ones are produced in South Korea and China - its main priority is cost. More expensive, but an order of magnitude better quality, they are manufactured in Europe (Germany and France) - they have high quality products. The most prestigious is brought from the USA - its price is slightly higher than that of its analogues, but the quality and power indicators are excellent. The cost of a set of equipment ranges from 5 to 50 million rubles. The main question when choosing equipment is financial capabilities.
Plastic tableware production technology
The technology for making plastic utensils is almost completely automatic. The necessary devices are supplied with raw materials in the form of granules or rolls of paper (depending on the product being manufactured). The automated production system then passes the materials through several processing steps. For plastic or paper tableware, they differ significantly, but the manufacturing process is completely controlled by a pre-configured control system. At the output of the conveyor, a finished, already packaged product is obtained, which remains only to be sold.
One of the most profitable areas of business is the production of disposable tableware. People use plastic dishes when having picnics outside the city, on various trips, at children's parties, so the demand for this product is not decreasing, and this type of product will remain in demand for many years to come. The difference between this type of tableware and porcelain and glass is its light weight, ease of transportation and low price.
Our business assessment:
Starting investment - 20,000,000 rubles.
Market saturation is high.
The difficulty of starting a business is 8/10.
Reasons for choosing this niche
Many people are mistaken, claiming that the production of plastic tableware is an exclusively seasonal business. In practice, entrepreneurs have proven that this type of business is year-round, the reason for this is that people use utensils intended for one use all the time.
This type of business is highly profitable. The main advantages of plastic utensils include their hygiene and safety. Using this type of plates, containers, glasses and cutlery saves time for putting things in order after various special events.
Business in the production of disposable tableware involves the use of high-tech equipment, which allows you to obtain high quality goods. The production line for disposable tableware, which is located at the enterprise, allows us to produce glasses of various capacities, as well as bowls, plates of different sizes, straws for drinks, cutlery and other disposable products.
An entrepreneur should understand that there are the following types of clients:
- people buying goods for seasonal picnics, celebrations, events;
- owners of catering outlets, lunch delivery services, cafes, as well as owners of drinks and oxygen cocktails.
The second clients often carry out wholesale sales of disposable tableware.
It is noted that disposable plastic tableware is difficult to sell in a “young” business at first, since it is necessary to form a customer base. Only a high quality product can attract potential buyers. It is important to hire an experienced advertising manager who can promote the business and form a customer base.
Important stages of production organization
In order for a business to make a profit, it is necessary to complete several important steps:
- register a business;
- buy equipment;
- find employees.
How to register a business?
To open a plant for the production of disposable tableware in Russia, it is necessary to legally register your business activity by completing the appropriate documents. When choosing between an individual entrepreneur and an LLC, you should focus on the expected profit from production. The form of business in the form of an individual entrepreneur is registered if a small production is planned. If an entrepreneur is going to start a large business, then an LLC (limited liability company) is formed. The advantages of the latter include greater trust of partners in the founder of the production, a simplified taxation system, as well as the possibility of receiving significant discounts on raw materials for the production of disposable plastic tableware.
To sell manufactured products, it is mandatory to obtain a certificate that confirms the product’s compliance with established standards according to GOST.
Where should the production be located?
The workshop should be located outside the city. The mini plant has an area of about 100 m². Of these, 70 m² is an industrial workshop, 15 m² is a warehouse, the remaining 15 m² is utility rooms and a bathroom. For large production, an area of 600 m² will be sufficient.
The room where disposable plastic food utensils will be produced must have the following parameters:
- 3-4 m – minimum ceiling height;
- the floor is poured with concrete or tiles are laid on it;
- three-phase electrical network;
- the presence of ventilation ducts, sewerage and water supply;
- treating walls with fire-resistant liquids up to 2 meters from the floor.
The plant should also be equipped with utility and storage facilities.
What raw materials need to be purchased?
Raw materials for disposable tableware must be of high quality. You will need polystyrene, it is sold in granules, its price varies within 25 thousand rubles per ton. In order for the products to be colored, you should buy color additives. Another material is also needed for the production of disposable tableware - polyethylene film. If you compare store shelves with plastic and paper tableware, you will notice that the cost of the latter is quite high, so the demand for it is somewhat lower than for its plastic counterparts, which is why the most profitable business will be the production of products from thermoplastics.
Difficulties in recruiting workers
The search for personnel can be carried out through advertisements on the Internet and newspapers, but finding responsible employees in this way is quite difficult. There are no special training courses for managing the production of disposable tableware. However, almost all equipment suppliers offer entrepreneurs training for their personnel on favorable terms. You also need to conclude an agreement with them regarding the maintenance of equipment.
Selection of equipment for production
The initial question that a businessman asks is what equipment to buy for the production of disposable tableware. The highest quality lines are those produced in Germany and the USA, but their price is high, so they can be replaced with analogues from Korea. However, they have lower production capacity. For production you will also need an injection molding machine. To obtain blank sheets from granulated raw materials, you need to purchase an extruder. You will also need molding machines for the production of disposable tableware and a compressor.
The production cycle can be complete or incomplete. The first involves melting the granules and making a film. The second excludes the preparatory stage of its production, since it is purchased as raw materials, in the form of rolls. Therefore, the following set of equipment is required:
- an automatic machine designed for stacking and packaging products;
- granulator;
- extruder
Subsequent equipment is purchased in accordance with the selected type of cookware. You will need the following products:
- automatic machine for bending the top edge;
- packing machine;
- printers for applying images, etc.
To make thick cutlery, pourable molds are needed. A diverse assortment guarantees greater business success, so you should purchase lines that integrate with a large number of thermoforming machines. This set of equipment will allow us to produce various types of products.
Approximate cost of equipment
The price of the equipment is high; for example, the injection molding machine alone costs about 1 million rubles. Entrepreneurs estimate the cost of entering the disposable tableware market at least 20 million rubles. This is due to the fact that it will not be possible to limit yourself to one machine if you plan not only to win your share of the market, but also to develop further. Most of the costs are the purchase of an extruder that produces sheets from granulate.
Disposable tableware with a custom logo can also be sold. This type of business is especially relevant nowadays for holding various kinds of celebrations, presentations and events. Glasses are an excellent advertising medium. A corporate logo on dishes helps maintain corporate style and promotes goods or services on the market.
Stages of production technology
Depending on what products are planned to be produced, two technologies are distinguished: molding and casting. The latter method produces dishes with thick walls. The casting process takes a lot of time and money. It is worth noting that the weight of a regular glass with a volume of 200 ml is 3 g, made by injection molding - up to 10 g.
There is a more cost-effective technology for the production of disposable tableware, molding, with the production of up to 30 million cups per month, which consists of the following steps:
- The purchased early raw materials are sent to the extruder.
- In the extruder, the granules melt and the resulting mass is mixed. Forming the desired consistency, the viscous liquid passes through the press, resulting in a plastic sheet approximately 2 mm thick. At this stage, a uniform thickness of the future dishes is formed.
- The film is heated in a 3-meter oven.
- The resulting mass enters a thermoforming machine, where the shape of the products is formed.
- Glasses, plates and other products are fed into the trimmer, where they are cut from the general canvas using a die-cutting press.
- Film scraps are recycled for recycling, so production is waste-free.
- The trimmer distributes the products into a special apparatus, which stacks them and sends them to the conveyor belt.
- The belt transports the dishes for packaging or subsequent transformation.
Thus, the business of producing disposable tableware is profitable and profitable, but requires large financial investments.
