To solve some problems, various remotely can be used. managed systems with a complex necessary equipment... So, for the study of the seabed and the study of bottom objects, autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles can be used. Systems of this class are being actively developed. domestic enterprises... In recent years, several such complexes have been created by the efforts of several organizations. Two of them belong to a family called "Harpsichord".
AUV "Harpsichord-1R"
The first representative of the new family was the apparatus "Harpsichord-1R". According to available data, the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle "Klavesin-1R" was developed by the Institute of Marine Technology Problems of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPMT FEB RAS, Vladivostok). The goal of the project was to create a special tool suitable for performing various tasks at different depths. The development was carried out both in the interests of scientific organizations and for the relevant structures of the military department. The project provided for the possibility of studying the environment and individual objects using a set of onboard equipment. The device received automated system control with the ability to receive new commands from the control panel.
AUV "Harpsichord-1R" before launching into the water. Photo by IPMT FEB RAS / Imtp.febras.ru
Based on the requirements and expected features of the application, the authors of the project used some proven ideas and solutions. In particular, outwardly the product "Harpsichord-1R" resembles a torpedo of slightly increased dimensions. All main units are housed inside a cylindrical body. The head of the vehicle is covered with a hemispherical fairing, in the stern there is a tapering unit on which the so-called. propulsion complex. The length of the "Harpsichord-1R" is 5.8 m, the body diameter is 900 mm. The mass of the apparatus in the air is 2.5 tons.
AUV "Harpsichord-1R" has a robust body that ensures the operation of all units at great depths. The design features allow immersion to depths of up to 6 km. The device is equipped with four electric motors located on the columns of the rear of the hull. Each of them rotates its own propeller. The available power units allow speeds up to 1.5 m / s (2.9 knots). The rechargeable batteries provide a cruising range of up to 300 km.
The underwater vehicle received an automated software system management. In preparation for immersion in the automation of the product, a program is loaded, according to which further work is carried out. In this case, the possibility of correcting the loaded program is provided. For this, the control complex located on board the carrier vessel can use a hydroacoustic communication channel. After updating the program, the AUV "Harpsichord-1R" can immediately proceed to the required actions.
The device is being tested. Photo Svpressa.ru
There is a set on board the underwater vehicle various equipment, designed to survey the surrounding objects and collect the necessary information. In different parts of the robust hull, side-scan sonars, an electromagnetic seeker, a digital video camera with signal processing, an acoustic profiler, as well as temperature and electrical conductivity sensors of the seawater are mounted.
The main means of observing the surrounding space, capable of working in different conditions and used to detect different objects, is a side-looking sonar locator. There is a possibility of using the high-frequency and low-frequency modes of the station. The low-frequency mode allows you to view a strip of 800 m wide.When using oscillation high frequency the strip width is reduced to 200 m.
Other onboard equipment allows various measurements and parameters to be determined environment... Bathymetric research of reservoirs and their bottom, acoustic sounding of the bottom soil or video filming of detected objects can also be performed. With the help of onboard equipment, the "Harpsichord-1R" can both find and examine various objects located at the bottom. It is possible to study point and extended objects.
Control panel of the "Harpsichord-1R" complex. Photo by IPMT FEB RAS / Imtp.febras.ru
The operation of the underwater vehicle is controlled by a remote control located on board the carrier vessel. The equipment of the console allows for preliminary preparation before diving, including entering the work program, monitoring the operation of all systems, receiving some data, as well as adjusting the set program and transmitting updated instructions to the apparatus.
The AUV project "Harpsichord-1R" was developed in the middle of the last decade, and soon it was brought to the assembly of experimental equipment with its subsequent tests. Later, the prototype was used in various operations, the purpose of which was to conduct research or search for some objects. It is known that during the tests, the prototype made dives in the Sea of Japan, and also sank into the Kuril-Kamchatka deep-water trench. Trial operation was carried out in the Arctic regions. So, in 2007, the apparatus "Harpsichord-1R" was included in the scientific equipment used by the polar expedition "Arctic-2007". The nuclear-powered icebreaker Rossiya became the carrier of the complex. Later, the AUV of a new type was used in a search operation in the Sea of Okhotsk. The purpose of this work was to search for a sunken radioisotope source.
At the end of 2008, the domestic media published some details. research work in the arctic seas. The video camera of the device allowed the operators to see various inhabitants of the seabed, some of which later could not be identified even by specialists. However, the study of marine fauna was not the task of the operators of the complex.
Image of the object obtained with the "Harpsichord-1R" equipment. Photo by IPMT FEB RAS / Imtp.febras.ru
During the tests, the "Harpsichord-1R" complex confirmed the calculated characteristics, and, in addition, improved some indicators. So, during one of the dives, a depth of 6083 m was reached. In 2008, the device passed state tests, according to the results of which it was recommended for full operation. According to various sources, to date, the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle has been used several times for various studies in different seas.
AUV "Harpsichord-2R-PM"
Probably, based on the results of testing and operation of the Harpsichord-1R underwater vehicle, it was decided to create new system of this class, intended for operation by special structures of the navy. In 2009, the Ministry of Defense formed the requirements for the new AUV and selected a developer. On May 19, 2009, an agreement was signed between the military department and the Rubin Central Design Bureau of Marine Engineering. To date, the new project has been brought to the stage of testing at sea.
The second project of the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle was named "Harpsichord-2R-PM". According to reports, new development has the same goals and objectives as its predecessor. At the same time, the AUV of the second model should differ in slightly increased dimensions and a different composition of onboard equipment. Due to this, it becomes possible to increase the efficiency of prospecting and research of the seabed.
General view of the AUV "Harpsichord-2R-PM". Photo Hisutton.com
There is some information about the construction of the apparatus "Harpsichord-2R-PM". According to these data, the main unit of the product is a rectangular frame designed for the installation of all major systems. Electronic equipment, power plant, buoyancy blocks, etc. are mounted on it. There is also a propulsion system in the stern, consisting of four engines with propellers. Water protection is provided by a robust housing. The hull has a cylindrical shape with a streamlined bow and stern. On the upper surface of the hull, a superstructure protrusion of great length and low height is provided.
The length of the AUV "Harpsichord-2R-PM" reaches 6.5 m, the diameter of the body is 1 m. The weight is approximately 3.7 tons. The speed parameters of the apparatus, according to various sources, are approximately equal to those of its predecessor. At the same time, the cruising range was reduced to 50 km. The strength of the hull allows you to dive to a depth of 6 km. Several months ago it was reported that the device was already able to dive to a depth of 500 m.
The exact composition of the onboard equipment of the new underwater vehicle is unknown. Probably, it was decided to keep the general architecture of the previous project, but at the same time to increase the efficiency of work by using equipment of new models with improved characteristics. An increase in autonomy is also announced in comparison with the AUV "Harpsichord-1R". Such data may indicate the preservation of the existing management principles, due to which the work should be carried out according to a pre-compiled program with the possibility of adjusting it at any time.
To date, an experimental technique of the "Harpsichord-2R-PM" type has entered the tests. The beginning of the checks was preceded by the appearance of some documents disclosing the details of the project. In particular, in February this year, CDB MT "Rubin" announced a request for proposals for the insurance of experimental equipment of a new type. A month after that, it was planned to choose a company that was to insure two experimental underwater vehicles. The document also indicated that the construction of the equipment was carried out in St. Petersburg, and tests are planned in St. Petersburg and in the Crimea, on the Black Sea. The insured value of one AUV "Harpsichord-2R-PM" was determined at 300 million rubles.
In early June 2016, the management of CDB MT "Rubin" spoke about the imminent completion of work on the new project. From the published data, it followed that by now the prototypes were tested and tested in the Black Sea. It was also noted that during this stage of inspections "Harpsichord-2R-PM" will be able to reach a depth of about 500 m. Diving to great depths at the used Black Sea test site is simply impossible.
In the foreseeable future, industry and fleet specialists will have to complete all necessary work for the project "Harpsichord-2R-PM". After that, the experienced equipment, having passed state tests, can be adopted by the navy. Earlier, some information about the possible use of new technology appeared in the public domain. Autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles will be included in the onboard equipment of nuclear submarines upgraded under Project 949AM. In addition, they will become a standard tool for studying the situation in the nuclear submarine. special purpose BS-64 "Podmoskovye" project 09787.
The development of promising autonomous underwater vehicles makes it possible to provide the fleet and scientific organizations with new complexes capable of monitoring and reconnaissance in various regions of the World Ocean at different depths. Provides the ability to monitor the situation using hydroacoustic locators, as well as some other equipment. When approaching the minimum distance, new devices can use video cameras. An important advantage of new domestic developments is the possibility of autonomous operation without constant control from the carrier.
The supposed architecture of the "Harpsichord-2R-PM" apparatus. Figure Hisutton.com
To date, one of the devices of the "Harpsichord" family has passed all the necessary tests and was recommended for full operation. Two prototypes of the AUV "Harpsichord-2R-PM" are currently being tested, which in the future will determine their real future. In the absence of major problems and at the required pace, the tests can be completed within the next few months. Thanks to this, in the near future, the navy will be able to receive new special equipment that simplifies the solution of some special tasks. Nevertheless, due to the specific purpose of the new technology, the details of its operation will remain secret for a long time.
Based on materials from sites:
http://imtp.febras.ru/
http://ckb-rubin.ru/
http://i-mash.ru/
http://tass.ru/
http://hisutton.com/
AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLES OF THE TYPE "KLAVESIN-2R"
CDB "Rubin" will soon complete the creation of an unmanned underwater vehicle "Harpsichord-2R-PM", intended for search operations and research. The general director of the design bureau Igor Vilnit told TASS about it.
“The complex“ Harpsichord-2R-PM ”is being created, which, in comparison with the“ Juno ”complex, has increased autonomy and immersion depth. In addition to survey and search functions, it also solves the problems of scientific research studies of the World Ocean in deep-water areas, ”Vilnit said in an interview with a TASS correspondent.
The general director of the design bureau recalled that the mobile autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle "Juno" was presented at the "Army-2015" exhibition.
We are talking about an apparatus designed to study the underwater situation, solve search problems and support rescue operations, and work on the Arctic shelf.
"Juno" is designed for a depth of up to a thousand meters, its autonomy reaches six hours. The length of the apparatus is 2.9 m, the diameter is 0.2 m, and the weight is 80 kg.
Earlier, Vilnit stated that they were interested in the development, including in the Russian Navy.
According to open sources, earlier this year "Rubin" insured the construction of two devices "Harpsichord-2R-PM". The insurance covers, among other things, testing of devices, which must pass in St. Petersburg and the Crimea.
TASS
16.05.2018
The tests of the unmanned underwater vehicle "Harpsichord-2R", developed for Russian naval sailors, began at the maritime range in Crimea. The Izvestia newspaper writes about this on Tuesday with reference to the Main Command of the Navy.
The complex received the index 2P52, which means a high degree of its readiness for adoption, the newspaper writes. It is noted that the recently transferred Black Sea Fleet experimental vessel of project 20360OS "Victor Cherokov".
"Harpsichord-2R" is the second generation of the autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle (AUV). It was based on the devices of the first family, developed by CDB MT "Rubin" together with the Institute of Marine Technology Problems of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
TASS
AUTONOMOUS UNHABITABLE UNDERWATER UNITS TYPE "KLAVESIN-2R"
Autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUV) of the "Harpsichord-2R" type are created by the CDB MT "Rubin" together with the Institute of Marine Technology Problems of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPMT FEB RAS, Vladivostok), and, according to known information, are a further development of the developed by the said institute AUV "Harpsichord-1R".
NPA "Harpsichord-2R-PM" is created by CDB MT "Rubin" in order to fulfill its obligations under the state contract No. 748/31 / 664PM-2009 / 27-09 dated 05.19.2009 with the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation.
According to the previously published open tender documents, the Harpsichord-2R AUV will be included in the equipment complex of the upgraded Project 949AM nuclear submarines and the converted special-purpose nuclear submarine of Project 09787 BS-64 Podmoskovye.
AUV includes a frame (supporting frame), its propulsion system, containers with equipment and batteries, additional equipment and buoyancy units.
According to the official data of the IPMT FEB RAS, the AUV "Harpsichord-1R", also created by order of the Russian Ministry of Defense, is a deep-sea multipurpose complex equipped with modern means autonomous and hydroacoustic navigation and communication, a reconfigurable control system, target equipment for performing search and survey work, surveying and mapping the seabed. Passed experimental tests in the Sea of Japan and the Kuril-Kamchatka deep-water trench, pilot operation on the continental shelf in the Arctic and in the search for a sunken radioisotope source in the Sea of Okhotsk.
In 2007, the AUV "Harpsichord-1R" was used from the side nuclear icebreaker"Russia" in the polar expedition "Arctic-2007", and completed State tests in 2008.
Thus, the maximum immersion depth of the "Harpsichord-1R" reached 6,000 meters, the operating range was 300 kilometers, and the autonomy of the course was 120 hours. The configuration of the drone is very similar to a small torpedo about 6 meters long and about a meter in diameter.
SPECIFICATIONS
length - about 6 500 mm,
diameter - about 1,000 mm;
Weight in the air - about 3,700 kg,
Maximum cruising range - about 50 km,
Diving depth - about 2000 m, (when tested in accordance with the depths test site on the Black Sea - about 500 m.).
Sources: bmpd.livejournal.com, inforeactor.ru, to-ros.info, etc.
JSC " The Rubin Central Design Bureau of Marine Engineering has announced a request for proposals for the insurance of two autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles "Klavesin-2R-PM". The maximum contract price is 48 million rubles.
A autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle of the "Harpsichord-1R" type developedInstitute for Problems of Marine Technologies, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPMT FEB RAS), 2007 (c) Free Press / svpressa.ru
Devices "Harpsichord-2R-PM" will be insured for a period of time:
shipbuilding and installation works(St. Petersburg, st.Marata, 90);
testing (St. Petersburg, the Republic of Crimea, the Black Sea);
transportation across the territory of Russia.
The contract must cover the risks of death and damage due to design errors, as well as during construction, launching, sea trials. The contract for the carriage of the vessel must be concluded "with responsibility for all risks." In addition, the risks of additional costs incurred in the performance of shipbuilding works will be insured. The insured value of one device is 300 million rubles.
Applications for participation in the request for proposals can be submitted until February 24. The results are planned to be summed up on March 9, it follows from the procurement documentation.
According to the attached tender documentation, AUV "Klavesin-2R-PM" is being created by CDB MT "Rubin" in order to fulfill its obligations under the state contract No. 748/31 / 664PM-2009 / 27-09 dated 19.05.2009 with the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
ANPA includes a frame (supporting frame), its propulsion system, containers with equipment and batteries, additional equipment and buoyancy blocks;
AUV dimensions according to the project:
length - about 6 500 mm,
diameter - about 1,000 mm;
Weight in the air - about 3,700 kg,
Maximum cruising range - about 50 km,
Diving depth - about 2000 m, (when testing in accordance with the depths of the test site in the Black Sea - about 500 m).
Bmpd's comment. A Autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUV) of the "Harpsichord-2R" type are created by the Central Design Bureau MTRubin together withInstitute of Marine Technology Problems of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPMT FEB RAS, Vladivostok), and, according to known information, are a further development of the ANPA developed by the said institute"Harpsichord-1R". According to previously published open tender documents, ANPA"Harpsichord-2R" will be part of the equipment complex of the upgraded nuclear submarines of project 949AM and the converted nuclear submarine of special purpose of project 09787 BS-64 "Moscow Region".
According to official dataIPMT FEB RAS, ANPA"Harpsichord-1R", also created by order of the Russian Ministry of Defense, isa deep-water multipurpose complex equipped with modern means of autonomous and hydroacoustic navigation and communication, a reconfigurable control system, target equipment for performing search and survey work, surveying and mapping the seabed. Passed experimental tests in the Sea of Japan and the Kuril-Kamchatka deep-water trench, pilot operation on the continental shelf in the Arctic and in the search for a sunken radioisotope source in the Sea of Okhotsk.
In 2007, AUV "Harpsichord-1R" was used from the board of a nuclear-powered icebreaker "Russia" in the polar expedition "Arctic-2007", and completed State tests in 2008.
For AUV "Harpsichord-1R" IPMT FEB RAS
Autonomous. Underwater. Uninhabited. These are the official definitions for the new marine robot, which the military and specialists of the naval training ground near Feodosia in the Crimea have begun testing.
Submarine robot
The new autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle was named "Harpsichord-2R". It is difficult to say what he is because of the rather dense veil of secrecy erected around this robot. It is only reported that the device looks like a submarine. In terms of dimensions, it is as follows: 6.5 m in length, 1 m in diameter - more consistent with a torpedo. True, plump - almost twice as wide as the standard 533 mm. And it weighs almost twice as much - about 3.7 tons.
These tons, according to the scant information from the military, are composed of different devices. There is a magnetic anomaly detector, therefore, the device is focused on the search for ships, mines, torpedoes and similar targets. There is a video camera. Everything is clear with her. There are temperature and electrical conductivity sensors - this is obviously for measuring the properties of water, which can also tell a lot about the enemy. It is officially reported that the device will be used for "search work, mapping the bottom and sounding the soil."
Presumably, the P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences has already spit in anticipation of such a powerful research support ...
According to the sources of "Constantinople" among the circles close to the fleet, over time it is not at all excluded that devices like the "Harpsichord" can actually be used for civil and scientific purposes. Moreover, with its ability to dive to a depth of two kilometers and a cruising range of up to 50 km.
In the same way, however, it is possible that the robot can also be loaded with a warhead. Also, presumably, two times more explosive 200-400 kg for a standard torpedo. Not to mention the special ammunition. And this circumstance brings the Harpsichord closer to the Poseidon underwater robot, which is being developed as part of the Status-6 project. The one who provides a reliable defense of Russia with the inevitable and impenetrable threat of the destruction of everything American Navy right in the harbors of Norfolk, San Diego and so on, and American decision-making centers right on the east coast.
It won't even be very difficult. The robots are released from submarines. It is specified that the nuclear submarines of the 949AM Granit project will become the carriers of the "Harpsichord-2R", and then they live autonomously, as they should. Autonomous and die. Not alone, of course. So it can be assumed behind the "Harpsichords" and the presence of the function of target designators and gunners for their combat colleagues-robots.
It is assumed that these new robots may enter service by the end of 2018.
Unique Vladivostok apparatus
And this information - about such an early adoption into service, which already means final readiness - suggests that the "Harpsichord-2R" is a military development of the civilian submarine robot "Harpsichord-1R". And a lot is known about him.
This apparatus was created at the Institute for Problems of Marine Technology (IPMT) of the Far Eastern Branch (FEB) of the Russian Academy of Sciences. And he became the first underwater robot to sink to the bottom of the Arctic Ocean.
In total, according to the chairman of the presidium of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, academician Valentin Sergienko, two dives were made. During the first, which lasted seven hours, the device studied the water area and the bottom, made measurements of the current velocity and - attention - topographic survey. The second dive had already lasted 21 hours, during which the robot was taking soil samples.
Judging by the "Harpsichord-1R", then its military colleague has large reserves. Because the first one can already work at a depth of six kilometers and be under water for up to 48 hours. Far Eastern scientists assure that there are no such devices in the world that can compare with the "Harpsichord-1R" in terms of efficiency.
It looks like a herd of similar robots has a shepherd
Recall that at one time "Tsargrad" posted material where, with reference to the results of the conference of the All-Russian Fleet Support Movement (DPF), it was said that they know how to make underwater robots in our country. But the work on this topic is not being carried out in a very coordinated and efficient manner.
And about the "Harpsichord-1R" in the material said. The fact that this is not just some kind of manipulator, but a device that is endowed with artificial intelligence, communicates with the operator via a hydroacoustic communication channel, transmits up a very clear, high-resolution picture of the seabed.
It was also said that in the same IMPT an apparatus is being developed that can reach a depth of 12 km. This is despite the fact that the deepest place in the World Ocean - the Mariana Trench - is 11,022 m deep.
In total, 17 (!) Projects of robotic underwater vehicles and complexes of various classes and purposes are being developed. And this number is constantly growing. But this is where the main problem of domestic underwater robotics lies: there are brains, with hands it is worse, but with organization at all. Rather, the organization must be built.
A very promising, especially in Russia, which is still rich in brains, a herd of diving robots really needs one competent shepherd ",
- the conclusion was made in the material.
It seems that this conclusion was heeded.
Autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle
"Harpsichord-2R-PM" developed by CDB MT "Rubin" (St. Petersburg) under a government contract concluded with the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in 2009.
Tests of the "Harpsichord-2R-PM" apparatus began in 2016. In 2016, the apparatus passed basin tests, paired equipment tests and tests on the Black Sea. In 2017, the completion of tests of the unmanned vehicle "Harpsichord-2R-PM" was expected.
Appointment of the device: search operations and studies of the seabed. The devices of the "Harpsichord" family are created by the Central Design Bureau MT "Rubin" together with the Institute of Marine Technology Problems of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPMT FEB RAS, Vladivostok), and are a further development of the "Harpsichord-1R" apparatus developed by the said institute.
Autonomous uninhabited vehicles "Harpsichord-2R" will be part of the equipment complex for special nuclear submarines of project 09852 BS-139 "Belgorod" and project 09787 BS-64 "Podmoskovye", as well as will be used by oceanographic and other special ships of the Russian Navy ...
Autonomous unmanned vehicle "Harpsichord-2R-PM"
The apparatus "Harpsichord-2R-PM" in the Russian Navy
In 2017, the Russian Navy was expected to adopt an unmanned underwater vehicle. The deployment of the device is planned on several projects of special nuclear submarines-carriers of deep-sea vehicles, as well as on special oceanographic vessels.
Underwater vehicle design
The design of an unmanned vehicle includes a frame (supporting frame), a propulsion system, containers with equipment and batteries, optional equipment and blocks for providing buoyancy.
Propulsion system
The apparatus is equipped with electric propulsion motors powered by rechargeable batteries.
Crew- uninhabited vehicle Length- 6.5 m Case diameter- 1m Weight- about 3700 kg Travel range- about 50 km Immersion depth limit- from 500 to 2000 m (presumably)Performance characteristics of the underwater vehicle
Diagram of the device of the underwater vehicle "Harpsichord-2R-PM"
There is no armament.Armament
Placing ANPO "Harpsichord" on a submarine of the "Belgorod" type(stills from the video shown on March 1, 2018)
Specialized video and television equipment for conducting and recording observations. Other special equipment.Equipment
Modifications:
"Harpsichord-1R"- a prototype of an autonomous unmanned vehicle.
"Harpsichord-2R-PM"- the main version of an autonomous unmanned underwater vehicle developed and adopted by the Russian Navy.
"New Defense Order. Strategies"
