Presentation on the topic of arts and crafts. Presentation "Decorative and Applied Art of Russia

Slide 28

View all slides

Abstract

Elena B. Baidakova

Fine art teacher

GBOU SOSH № 1955, Moscow

Lesson objectives:

Equipment:

TSO: computer, screen, projector,

Materials and tools:

During the classes.

1. Organizational moment.

2. Introductory conversation of the teacher

Decorative arts section; covers a number of branches of creativity, which are devoted to the creation of art products intended mainly for everyday life.

1. Batik - hand-painted on fabric.

Tapestry (fr. gobelin), or tapestry, is one of the types of decorative and applied art, a one-sided lint-free wall carpet with a plot or ornamental composition, hand-woven with a cross-weaving of threads.

Nityana graphics (name options: izonit,

thread image, thread design) -

graphic technique, obtaining an image with threads on cardboard or other solid base.

Bone carving is the art of carving ornaments and figures and works of art from bone

Ceramics (ancient Greek κέραμος - clay) are products made of inorganic materials (for example, clay) and their mixtures with mineral additives, made under the influence of high temperature with subsequent cooling.

Knitting is the process of making products (usually items of clothing) from continuous threads by bending them into loops and connecting the loops to each other using simple tools manually (crochet hook, knitting needles, needle) or on a special machine (mechanical knitting).

Macrame (fr. Macramé, from Arabic. - braid, fringe, lace or from Turkish. - scarf or napkin with fringe) - knot weaving technique.

Jewelry art - (from the German Juwel - precious stone) making art products (personal jewelry, household items, cult, weapons, etc.) mainly from precious (gold, silver, platinum)

Artistic metal processing is a type of decorative and applied art, the manufacture of various items from metal, both for household and decorative and artistic purposes.

Pyrography - a technique when a drawing is applied to the surface of any material using a red-hot needle. Mostly wood is used as a material, therefore pyrography is widely known as wood burning.

Stained glass (fr. vitre- window glass, from lat. vitrum- glass) - a work of decorative art of a visual or ornamental nature made of colored glass, designed for through lighting and intended to fill an opening, most often a window, in an architectural structure.

Beading is a kind of arts and crafts, needlework; creation of jewelry, art products from beads.

4. Verification work.

Slides 21 - 26.

Answers: slide 27.

6. Lesson summary... Grading.

Elena B. Baidakova

Fine art teacher

GBOU SOSH № 1955, Moscow

"Decorative and applied arts and people"

Lesson objectives:

Introduce arts and crafts.

Develop creative thinking, emotional perception.

Equipment:

TSO: computer, screen, projector,

Materials and tools: White paper A-4, watercolor, eraser, pencil, notebook

During the classes.

1. Organizational moment.

2. Introductory conversation of the teacher

Write the topic of the lesson in a notebook (Slide 1)

Arts and crafts- section of decorative arts; covers a number of branches of creativity, which are devoted to the creation of art products intended mainly for everyday life.

(Slide 2 - write the definition in a notebook)

Works of decorative and applied art can be: various utensils, furniture, fabrics, tools, weapons, clothes, all kinds of ornaments. (Slide 3)

Slide 4. The main types of arts and crafts:

1. Batik - hand-painted on fabric.

(The main types of arts and crafts:

1. Batik - write in a notebook.)

Slide 5. 2. Tapestry - write in a notebook.

Tapestry (fr. gobelin), or tapestry, is one of the types of decorative and applied art, a one-sided lint-free wall carpet with a plot or ornamental composition, hand-woven with a cross-weaving of threads.

Slide 6 3. String graphics - write in a notebook.

Nityana graphics (name options: izonit,

thread image, thread design) -

graphic technique, obtaining an image with threads on cardboard or other solid base.

Slide 7. 4. Artistic carving:

a. Stone carving - write in a notebook

Stone carving is the process of giving a stone the required shape and external. finishing by sawing, turning, drilling, grinding, polishing, engraving (with a cutter, ultrasound).

b.Wood carving - write in a notebook

Wood carving is one of the types of artistic woodworking.

v. Bone carving - write in a notebook.

Bone carving is the art of carving ornaments and figures and works of art from bone

5.Ceramics - write in a notebook.

Ceramics (ancient Greek κέραμος - clay) are products made of inorganic materials (for example, clay) and their mixtures with mineral additives, made under the influence of high temperature with subsequent cooling.

6. Embroidery - write in a notebook.

Embroidery is a well-known and widespread handicraft art to decorate all kinds of fabrics and materials with a variety of patterns, from the coarsest and densest, such as cloth, canvas, leather, to the finest fabrics - cambric, muslin, gauze, tulle, etc.

7. Knitting - write in a notebook.

Knitting is the process of making products (usually items of clothing) from continuous threads by bending them into loops and connecting the loops to each other using simple tools manually (crochet hook, knitting needles, needle) or on a special machine (mechanical knitting).

8. Macrame - write in a notebook.

Macrame (fr. Macramé, from Arabic. - braid, fringe, lace or from Turkish. - scarf or napkin with fringe) - knot weaving technique.

9. Carpet weaving - write down in a notebook.

Carpet weaving - the production of carpets. Carpet, an artistic textile product, usually with multi-color patterns or images, mainly used for decoration and insulation of premises, as well as for sound absorption (noiselessness).

10. Jewelry art - write down in a notebook.

Jewelry art - (from the German Juwel - precious stone) making art products (personal jewelry, household items, cult, weapons, etc.) mainly from precious (gold, silver, platinum)

11. Artistic processing of leather - write down in a notebook.

Artistic processing of leather is a type of decorative and applied art, production of various items from leather, both for household and decorative and artistic purposes.

12. Artistic processing of metal - write it down in a notebook.

Artistic metal processing is a type of decorative and applied art, the manufacture of various items from metal, both for household and decorative and artistic purposes.

13. Pyrography - write it down in a notebook.

Pyrography (literally: "painting with fire")- a technique when a drawing is applied to the surface of any material using a red-hot needle. Mostly wood is used as a material, therefore pyrography is widely known as wood burning.

14. Stained glass - write in a notebook.

Stained glass (fr. vitre- window glass, from lat. vitrum- glass) - a work of decorative art of a visual or ornamental nature made of colored glass, designed for through lighting and intended to fill an opening, most often a window, in an architectural structure.

15. Beading - write in a notebook.

Beading is a kind of arts and crafts, needlework; creation of jewelry, art products from beads.

4. Verification work.

Slides 21 - 26.

Answers: slide 27.

Raise your hands, who has all 6 answers correct? Well done for lesson 5 in the magazine.

Raise your hands, who has 5 correct answers? Well done for lesson 4 in the magazine.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myx0zKwj0vw Ribbon embroidery FLORAL RHAPSODY

6. Lesson summary... Grading.

Homework: prepare a presentation about any kind of arts and crafts.

Antonina Nikolaevna Lysenko
Presentation "Decorative and Applied Art of Russia"

Slide 1:"Decorative and Applied Art of Russia".

Slide 2:

Dymkovo painting.

From the high bank of the Vyatka River, on which the city of Kirov stands, one can see the Dymkovo settlement beyond the river. In winter, when the stoves are heated, in summer, on cloudy days, when the fog, the whole settlement is as if in smoke, in a haze. This toy was born here in ancient times.

Toys are molded from clay. Then they dilute the chalk in milk and whitewash the toys. And then it's time to paint them. The pattern is unusually simple: circles, straight and wavy stripes, cells, spots, dots. But the colors are bright, bright: crimson, red, green, yellow, orange, blue.

In the beginning there were whistles. Craftswomen sculpted them for the fair. From a small clay ball with holes, the whistle turned into a duck, then into a cock, then into a ridge. Many years have passed and now they came up with the idea of ​​sculpting other toys from clay: clay bunks, turkeys, rams in panties, young ladies and gentlemen, outlandish deer, etc.

Slide 3:

Gzhel.

Gzhel is the most famous Russian folk ceramic craft.

The Moscow region of 30 villages, which is located 60 kilometers from Moscow, has been famous for its pottery since the 16th century.

The first documentary mentions of a settlement on the banks of the Gzhelka River were found among the letters of Ivan Kalita. The word "Gzhel" came from the hoary antiquity, when a whole area with numerous villages of different names was called Ognel, Akzhel, Zhgel - putting into the names a certain meaning "Burn", "Burn".

Gzhel porcelain is vases, dishes in sets, serving items, table and interior decorations, sets, as well as a variety of souvenirs.

The main elements of the Gzhel painting are “wide and narrow stripe”, “point”, “wave”, “bush”, “petal”, “grid”, “leaf”.

Slide 4:

Gorodets painting.

On the banks of the Volga there is the glorious and ancient city of Gorodets.

The inhabitants of Gorodets and the surrounding villages were famous as skillful carpenters and woodcarvers. Forests provided the material from which everything was made: from children's toys and cradles to ships.

Over time, craftsmen began to paint boxes, toys, dishes, furniture and even parts of the house - shutters, doors, gates.

Gorodets painting - how can we not know it.

There are hot horses here, brave to become.

There are such bouquets here that it is impossible to describe.

There are such plots that you can't say in a fairy tale.

Slide 5:

Khokhloma painting.

Once upon a time he lived in the Nizhny Novgorod forests a miracle - a master. He built a house on the banks of the river and began to make and paint wooden dishes. Its patterned cups and spoons looked like gold. The fame of this tableware reached Moscow and went further all over the world. And then the master passed on the secret of the "golden dish" to the inhabitants of the village of Khokhloma, and he himself disappeared ...

In the old days, people ate from wooden dishes. In the village of Khokhloma, skilled craftsmen made wooden dishes and painted them with beautiful paintings, sent them to other cities. People liked these dishes for their brightness, festivity, patterns. Cups, spoons, ladles were very successful. Later they began to make children's furniture.

Like a sorceress Firebird

Doesn't go out of my mind

Sorceress-craftswoman,

Golden Khokhloma!

Slide 6:

Vologda lace.

The ancient Russian city of Vologda, whose history began in the 12th century, can rightfully be considered the keeper of the ancient traditions of the culture of the North. Vologda lace has earned well-deserved fame and wide recognition for its high artistry, decorative wealth, and perfection of the execution technique.

Vologda lace consists of a large, expressive pattern, executed with a dense, continuous, smooth linen of the same width, clearly looming against the background of patterned lattices. The fabric is thick, often colored. In addition to motifs of flowers and leaves, motives of horseshoes, combs, and fans are often found in the ornament.

Vologda is covered with white snow,

The blizzard lays the lace right under your feet.

Northern paints scatter sparks

Snowy sayings - lace fairy tales.

Slide 7:

Filimonovskaya toy.

This toy was born in the Odoevsky district of the Tula region. And it got its name from the village of Filimonovo.

One of the legends says that the potter Filimon came to these places, discovered deposits of excellent clay and began to sculpt pots and toys from it. The place where he settled was nicknamed Filimonovo.

There is even a fairy tale about Philemon's grandfather: the grandfather was walking along the road. He climbed from mountain to mountain, from hill to hill. He walked, he walked through dense forests, the sun was shining brightly. It became hot, and then a trickle. He sat down on a pebble, and then there was clay. He turned it over - in his hands - it turned out to be a bird, pierced the holes - the bird began to sing. So since then, the "clay business" has become a tradition.

As a rule, men only made dishes, while women sculpted and painted toys. Toys or "amusements" cost a penny in the bazaar, so a lot of them had to be made. Women were helped in their work by girls who were taught to craft from 7-8 years old. They worked in winter in their free time from rural labor.

Slide 8:

Polkhovsky Maidan.

POLKHOV-MAIDANSKAYA PAINTING - production of painted lathe products in the village of Polkhovsky Maidan, the village of Krutets and the village of Voznesenskoye, Nizhny Novgorod Region.

Turning products of the craftsmen of this craft - nesting dolls, Easter eggs, mushrooms, salt shakers, cups, supplies - are lavishly decorated with juicy ornamental and subject painting. Among the picturesque motives, the most common are flowers, birds, animals.

When painting, pure bright colors are used, for example, blue, red, yellow, which, when mixed and superimposed on each other, give no less bright and beautiful red, green and purple colors. The painting is carried out along a pre-made contour, which is applied using ink.

Slide 9:

Bogorodsk toy.

Colorful wooden hens on a stand, figures of blacksmiths, a peasant and a bear - pull the bar and they will hammer on a small anvil ... Funny toys, known in Russia since time immemorial, have become the main folk craft for residents of the village of Bogorodskoye near Moscow.

All toys are made of linden, which takes about four years to dry. The wood is soft and easy to work with. After drying, the tree is sent to the notch.

The blanks are marked according to the patterns and cut out with a Bogorodsky knife and chisel. It takes about 15 minutes for an experienced craftsman to make one piece.

Most of the foremen in the factory are women, although the work is difficult, requiring endurance and constant physical effort. The next step is assembling the toy. The most colorful and final stage is coloring.

The trade symbol is a man and a bear.

Slide 10:

Zhostovo painting.

The history of the Zhostovo craft dates back to the beginning of the 19th century, when workshops for the production of painted lacquerware made of papier-mâché arose in a number of villages and villages near Moscow (including Zhostovo). The emergence of the Zhostovo painted tray is associated with the surname of the Vishnyakov brothers. The date of foundation is considered to be 1825. A little later, steel and iron trays were painted. For the production of Zhostovo trays, thin roofing steel is used. After that, the trays are primed, polished and several times covered with oil varnish, usually black, with each layer drying in an oven.

Then the craftsmen paint the trays by hand with oil paints without the use of stencils and samples, relying on their imagination. The main motive of the painting is a floral bouquet of a simple composition, in which large garden flowers and small wildflowers alternate. Painting is usually done on a black background (sometimes on red, blue, green, silver) and the master works on several trays at once. First, a patch is made (the main silhouettes of the bouquet, then the straightening: shadows are superimposed, light places are prescribed, dense strokes are applied, glare, thin lines are veins of leaves, stamens, and then large flowers are connected with smaller elements of the pattern with herbs, stems, etc. , in the last turn, the ornament located on the sides is applied (ie cleaning) After painting, the Zhostovo products are again covered with colorless varnish three times, dried in an oven and polished with a fine powder by hand to a mirror finish.

Slide 11:

Kargopol toy.

Kargopol is an ancient city in the Arkhangelsk region. Previously, it was a well-known large trade and cultural center of the Russian North. From those times, there are magnificent temples and cathedrals. Now these are reserved places where the original Russian culture, arts and crafts have been preserved to this day.

Most of the toys of the Kargopol craftsmen are single figures, sometimes two or three characters, connected by a single plot and some simple action. They are a little clumsy and heavy: strong peasant women, peasants, birds, horses. Like all peasants, Kargopol potters plowed the land, raised bread on it, kept cattle, and in their free time sat down at the potter's wheel. They made dishes of different sizes, and made toys from the remains of clay. One of the favorite figures was the figure of a bear - the owner of the forest, a cheerful joker who knows how to play the accordion.

There are many fairy-tale and mythological images in the Kargopol toy: amazing animals, birds. One of the most interesting images is the half-horse - half-human "Polkana". This is an image of goodness, a hero who helped people grow bread. Polkan's hands are strong, his chest is powerful, the sun is on his chest, his legs are fast, like a horse's.

The "push-pull" figurine consists of two horses - white and black. The horse is one of the most revered domestic animals among the peasants. The white horse is the messenger of light and warmth, the black horse personifies the dark side.

Slide 12:

To the finest shades of nature

To the juiciest colors of the earth

The hands of the people touched

And they found the secret of magic.

All the beauties of native spaces

The wonders of the masters are concealing.

In the light music of Russian patterns

National talent is flourishing!

Slide 13:

How much joy for the heart

How much joy for the eyes

Craftswomen are growing up,

Maybe among us.

Play my accordion

You, friend, sing along

Natalia Orekhova
Presentation of arts and crafts

Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution kindergarten number 8 "The Scarlet Flower" Project «»

Educator:

Orekhova Natalia Mikhailovna

2015-2016 y.

"The highest view arts, the most talented, the most ingenious is the folk art, that is, what is captured by the people is preserved, that the people have carried through the centuries. " M. I. Kalinin.

Relevance of the project

Work on the upbringing and development of national feelings in children, a sense of pride in their ancestors, respect for the history and traditions of their native land, a sense of national identity.

Characteristics of the project

Cognitive - creative

Long term (November - March)

Group

Participants: educator, children, parents

Target:

Summarize children's knowledge about arts and crafts.

To develop in children a cognitive interest in Russian folk art. Summarize the results of the collective creative activity of children and parents. Teachers during the project

Tasks:

Educational: To educate children to love Russian applied arts... To foster a love for folk art. To foster respect for the work of folk craftsmen. To foster aesthetic and ethical feelings. Foster curiosity; teach to work independently and creatively; Encourage parents to work actively, to the problem of the formation of aesthetic and moral qualities in children.

Developing: Development of cognitive activity of children. Develop a sense of color, compositional skills. To develop attention, thinking, creative imagination, visual memory, the ability to analyze.

Educational: To acquaint children with folk crafts. Introduce children to decorative and applied arts - Dymkovo, Khokhloma, Gorodets, Gzhel painting. Arouse children's interest in folk art. Strengthen the ability to expressively read poetry, sing songs. Learn to understand the figurative meaning of riddles. Strengthen the ability to combine movement and speech. To teach to see the beauty and originality of Dymkovo, Khokhloma, Gorodets, Gzhel painting. Teach children to make original patterns based on folk paintings. Learn to use plant elements. Teach children to navigate in various types of painting. Learn to observe wildlife.

Planned project results

Knowledge of folk crafts by children, the ability to distinguish between their types;

positive dynamics of the formation of moral qualities, aesthetic perception, the degree of mastery of children decorative painting;

enrichment of the subject-developing environment;

replenishment of didactic material for the section « Decorative and applied arts» ;

increasing the interest of parents in solving problems of aesthetic and moral education of children

Stages of project implementation:

Stage 1. Preparatory. Teacher activities

Introduce into the game situation.

Form a problem.

Define tasks. Define a product the project: Children's activities

Get used to the game situation.

Realize the problem.

Accept project tasks.

Stage 2. Organization of work on the project.

Teacher activities:

Helps in solving problems.

Helps to plan activities.

Organizes activities.

Consultation for parents (folder - move) on theme: "The influence of folk crafts on the aesthetic education of preschool children"; "Artistic and aesthetic education of children in the family".

Children's activities:

Unification into working groups.

Distribution of roles.

Stage 3. Practical activities.

Teacher activities:

Practical help.

Directs and monitors the implementation of the project. Activity children:

Use illustrations.

Work on crafts.

In the process of work, they share their impressions, help each other.

Stage 4. Presentation.

Teacher activities:

Preparing for project presentation"Russia is my homeland!".

Exhibition of children's works on the topic « Arts and crafts» .

Musical entertainment "Pancake week".Activity children:

Costumes are being prepared.

They talk about folk crafts.

Read poetry.

They guess and guess riddles.

They perform songs, ditties, dances.

They lead round dances.

They play folk music games.

Stage 5. The role of parents in the implementation of the project.

Reading and memorizing poetry.

Examining illustrations.

Selection of illustrations, information for the design of the album on arts and crafts.

Crafts making.

Help of parents in making attributes for the holiday.

Ways of realization Artistic - aesthetic development Artistic creativity

Coloring planar silhouettes paints: "Magic horses", "Fairy Birds".

Drawing elements of Khokhloma painting, Gorodets, Gzhel, Dymkovo.

Chastushki.

Cognitive development. FEMP.

Orientation on a sheet of paper (drawing, applique).

Orientation in space.

Ability to put together a whole, didactic game "Assemble the whole".

Cognitive development. FTSKM.

Targeted excursion into nature (consider the grass, compare with the grass in the Khokhloma painting).

Conversations: "On a visit to the Gorodets craftsmen", "Khokhloma", "Gzhel", "Dymkovsky"

Fiction.

Reading poetry: P. Sinyavsky "Khokhloma painting", V. Nabokov Khokhloma.

Memorizing poetry.

Making riddles.

Fundamentals of folk and decorative - applied arts L... V. Orlova "Khokhloma painting".

Fundamentals of folk and decorative - applied arts Yu... G. Dorozhin "Gorodets painting".

Fundamentals of folk and decorative - applied arts Yu... A. Mezhueva "Fabulous gzhel".

Speech development. Development of speech.

Activate dictionary: floral ornament, curl, droplet, grass, element, leaves, points, lines, kupavka, bud, rose, chamomile, "Golden Khokhloma", gzhel, Gorodets painting.

Social and communicative development. Didactic games:

"Circle an Element", "Circle and color", "Assemble the whole", "Circle the picture", "Continue drawing", "Find a Pair".

Physical development. Physical education.

Without children's knowledge of the culture of the Motherland, the history of the development of folk crafts, a full-fledged moral and patriotic upbringing of a child cannot be achieved. People's art promotes the development of creativity, imagination, thinking in children.

The culture of Russia cannot be imagined without folk arts, which reveals the original sources of the spiritual life of the Russian people, clearly demonstrates its moral, aesthetic values, artistic tastes and is a part of its history.

Related publications:

"Decorative and applied art as a means of introducing children to folk culture" Introduction Folk culture is one of the important elements of any nation, since it carries the experience of past generations, which took shape.

At the thematic week on the topic "Acquaintance of children with folk crafts". Conducted productive activities