Contents 1.What is electricity and where is it produced? 2. Energy consumption in production. 3.Energy consumption in transport. 4.Energy consumption in communication systems. 5. Energy consumption in trade. 6. Household energy consumption. 7. Energy consumption in urban areas. 8. Energy consumption when creating intellectual products. 9. Conclusion. 10. List of used literature.
What is electricity? How would our planet live, How would people live on it Without heat, magnets, light And electric rays? Electricity, a term widely used in technology and in everyday life to determine the amount of energy supplied by a power plant in electrical network or received from the network by the consumer. Electricity is produced today mainly at three types of power plants: thermal, nuclear and hydroelectric power plants.
Electricity in production. Modern society impossible to imagine without electrification production activities. Already at the end of the 80s, more than 1/3 of all energy consumption in the world was carried out in the form electrical energy. By the beginning of the next century, this share may increase to 1/2. This increase in electricity consumption is primarily associated with an increase in its consumption in industry. Main part industrial enterprises runs on electrical energy. High electricity consumption is typical for energy-intensive industries such as metallurgy, aluminum and mechanical engineering.
Electricity in communication systems Cable television is a model of television broadcasting (and sometimes FM radio broadcasting) in which the television signal is distributed through high-frequency signals transmitted through a cable laid to the consumer. Cable television networks began to develop rapidly in Europe and the United States in the 1980s; In Russia, the first cable networks appeared in the late 1980s - early 1990s.
Electricity in the municipal economy Boiler installation (boiler room) is a structure in which the working fluid (coolant) (usually water) is heated for a heating or steam supply system, located in one technical room. Boiler houses are connected to consumers using heating mains or steam pipelines.
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1.What is electricity and where is it produced? 2. Energy consumption in production. 3.Energy consumption in transport. 4.Energy consumption in communication systems. 5. Energy consumption in trade. 6. Household energy consumption. 7. Energy consumption in urban areas. 8. Energy consumption when creating intellectual products. 9. Conclusion. 10. List of used literature.
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What is electricity?
How would our planet live, How would people live on it Without heat, magnets, light And electric rays? Electricity is a term widely used in technology and in everyday life to determine the amount of energy supplied by a power plant to the electrical network or received from the network by the consumer. Electricity is produced today mainly at three types of power plants: thermal, nuclear and hydroelectric power plants.
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Electricity in production.
Modern society cannot be imagined without the electrification of production activities. Already at the end of the 80s, more than 1/3 of all energy consumption in the world was carried out in the form of electrical energy. By the beginning of the next century, this share may increase to 1/2. This increase in electricity consumption is primarily associated with an increase in its consumption in industry. The bulk of industrial enterprises operate on electrical energy. High electricity consumption is typical for energy-intensive industries such as metallurgy, aluminum and mechanical engineering.
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Electricity in transport
Electricity consumption in transport for the year is approximately 86.72 billion kWh Pipeline 31.5% Metro 3.3% Other land, water and air transport 6.0% Communications 4.2% Tram, trolleybus 3.8% Railways 51.1%
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Electricity in communication systems
Cable television is a model of television broadcasting (and sometimes FM radio broadcasting) in which the television signal is distributed through high-frequency signals transmitted through a cable laid to the consumer. Cable television networks began to develop rapidly in Europe and the United States in the 1980s; In Russia, the first cable networks appeared in the late 1980s - early 1990s.
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Electricity in trade
For refrigeration and freezing retail store equipment in food retail trade accounts for the bulk of electricity consumption - on average 40-60%. Vending machines.
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Electricity in urban areas
Boiler plant (boiler room) is a structure in which the working fluid (coolant) (usually water) is heated for a heating or steam supply system, located in one technical room. Boiler houses are connected to consumers using heating mains or steam pipelines.
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Street lighting Water supply
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Electricity when creating intellectual products
Electricity is used to create software
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EXAMPLES OF ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION
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1.What is electricity and where is it produced? 2. Energy consumption in production. 3.Energy consumption in transport. 4.Energy consumption in communication systems. 5. Energy consumption in trade. 6. Household energy consumption. 7. Energy consumption in urban areas. 8. Energy consumption when creating intellectual products. 9. Conclusion. 10. List of used literature.
Slide 3
What is electricity?
How would our planet live, How would people live on it Without heat, magnets, light And electric rays? Electricity is a term widely used in technology and in everyday life to determine the amount of energy supplied by a power plant to the electrical network or received from the network by the consumer. Electricity is produced today mainly at three types of power plants: thermal, nuclear and hydroelectric power plants.
Slide 4
Electricity in production.
Modern society cannot be imagined without the electrification of production activities. Already at the end of the 80s, more than 1/3 of all energy consumption in the world was carried out in the form of electrical energy. By the beginning of the next century, this share may increase to 1/2. This increase in electricity consumption is primarily associated with an increase in its consumption in industry. The bulk of industrial enterprises operate on electrical energy. High electricity consumption is typical for energy-intensive industries such as metallurgy, aluminum and mechanical engineering.
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Electricity in transport
Electricity consumption in transport for the year is approximately 86.72 billion kWh
Pipeline 31.5%
Metropolitan 3.3%
Other land, water and air transport 6.0%
Tram, trolleybus 3.8%
Railways 51.1%
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Electricity in communication systems
Cable television is a model of television broadcasting (and sometimes FM radio broadcasting) in which the television signal is distributed through high-frequency signals transmitted through a cable laid to the consumer. Cable television networks began to develop rapidly in Europe and the United States in the 1980s; In Russia, the first cable networks appeared in the late 1980s - early 1990s.
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Electricity in trade
Refrigeration and freezing commercial equipment in food retail trade accounts for the main share of electricity consumption - on average 40-60%. Vending machines.
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Electricity in urban areas
Boiler plant (boiler room) is a structure in which the working fluid (coolant) (usually water) is heated for a heating or steam supply system, located in one technical room. Boiler houses are connected to consumers using heating mains or steam pipelines.
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Street lighting Water supply
a- kinetic and potential energy of molecules. b-kinetic energy of molecules. c-potential energy of molecules. d-work of gas. d-work on gas.
2) in which of the induced examples does internal energy increase due to the performance of mechanical work?
a- heating of an electric iron. b- freezing of water in a river. c- heating of sand on a sunny day. d- lighting of matches from a sulfur box. e- isothermal expansion of an ideal gas.
3) for compliance
a) convection.
b) thermal conductivity.
c) radiation.
d) heat transfer.
1- heat transfer without transfer of substances.
2-transmission of radiant energy.
3-heat transfer by jets of gas or liquid.
4-performing work on the body.
5-transfer of heat without doing work.
AND WHAT IS IN THE PICTURE: what can we say about the work and changed energy during an ISOTHERMAL process????
HELP PLEASE DECIDE I NEED IT URGENTLY 10/18. A piece of soft wire was bent and straightened several times. What form of energy did it transform into?the energy expended?
12.18. Is it possible to impart a certain amount of heat to a gas without causing an increase in its temperature?
18.14.Give examples of adiabatic processes in nature and technology.
8.16. The internal energy of a certain mass of monatomic gas at 32 degrees is equal to 1 J. How many molecules are there in this mass of gas?
1. Newton's first law?2. Which reference systems are inertial and non-inertial? Give examples.
3. What is the property of bodies called inertia? What value characterizes inertia?
4. What is the relationship between the masses of bodies and the acceleration modules that they receive during interaction?
5. What is strength and how is it characterized?
6. Formulation of Newton's 2nd law? What is its mathematical notation?
7. How is Newton’s 2nd law formulated in impulse form? Its mathematical notation?
8. What is 1 Newton?
9. How does a body move if a force is applied to it that is constant in magnitude and direction? What is the direction of the acceleration caused by the force acting on it?
10. How is the resultant of forces determined?
11. How is Newton’s 3rd law formulated and written?
12. How are the accelerations of interacting bodies directed?
13. Give examples of the manifestation of Newton’s 3rd law.
14. What are the limits of applicability of all Newton’s laws?
15. Why can we consider the Earth to be an inertial frame of reference if it moves with centripetal acceleration?
16. What is deformation, what types of deformation do you know?
17. What force is called the elastic force? What is the nature of this force?
18. What are the features of elastic force?
19. How is the elastic force directed (support reaction force, thread tension force?)
20. How is Hooke’s law formulated and written? What are its limits of applicability? Construct a graph illustrating Hooke's law.
21. How is the law of gravity formulated and written, when is it applicable?
22. Describe the experiments to determine the value of the gravitational constant?
23. What is the gravitational constant, what is its physical meaning?
24. Does the work done by the gravitational force depend on the shape of the trajectory? What is the work done by gravity in a closed loop?
25. Does the work of the elastic force depend on the shape of the trajectory?
26. What do you know about gravity?
27. How is the acceleration of gravity calculated on Earth and other planets?
28. What is the first escape velocity? How is it calculated?
29. What is called free fall? Does the acceleration of gravity depend on the mass of the body?
30. Describe Galileo Galilei’s experiment proving that all bodies in a vacuum fall with the same acceleration.
31. What force is called the friction force? Types of friction forces?
32. How are the forces of sliding and rolling friction calculated?
33. When does the static friction force occur? What is it equal to?
34. Does the force of sliding friction depend on the area of contacting surfaces?
35. On what parameters does the sliding friction force depend?
36. What does the force of resistance to body motion in liquids and gases depend on?
37. What is body weight called? What is the difference between the weight of a body and the force of gravity acting on the body?
38. In what case is the weight of a body numerically equal to the modulus of gravity?
39. What is weightlessness? What is overload?
40. How to calculate the weight of a body during its accelerated movement? Does the weight of a body change if it moves along a stationary horizontal plane with acceleration?
41. How does the weight of a body change when it moves along a convex and concave part of a circle?
42. What is the algorithm for solving problems when a body moves under the influence of several forces?
43. What force is called the Archimedes Force or buoyant force? What parameters does this force depend on?
44. What formulas can be used to calculate the Archimedes force?
45. Under what conditions does a body in a liquid float, sink, or float?
46. How does the depth of immersion of a floating body in liquid depend on its density?
47. Why Balloons filled with hydrogen, helium or hot air?
48. Explain the influence of the rotation of the Earth around its axis on the value of the acceleration of gravity.
49. How does the value of gravity change when: a) the body moves away from the surface of the Earth, B) when the body moves along the meridian, parallel
Types of power plants Thermal (TPP) - 50% Thermal (TPP) - 50% Hydroelectric power stations (HPP) % Hydroelectric power stations (HPP) % Nuclear (NPP) - 15% Nuclear (NPP) - 15% Alternative sources Alternative energy sources - 2 - 5% (solar energy, thermonuclear fusion energy, tidal energy, wind energy) energy - 2 - 5% (solar energy, thermonuclear fusion energy, tidal energy, wind energy)
Electric current generator The generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy The generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy The generator action is based on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction The generator action is based on the electromagnetic induction phenomenon
The frame with current is the main element of the generator. The rotating part is called ROTOR (magnet). The rotating part is called ROTOR (magnet). The stationary part is called the STATOR (frame) The stationary part is called the STATOR (frame) When the frame rotates, the magnetic flux penetrating the frame changes in time, as a result of which an induced current appears in the frame
Electricity transmission Power transmission lines (PTL) are used to transmit electricity to consumers. When transmitting electricity over a distance, losses occur due to heating of the wires (Joule-Lenz law). Ways to reduce heat loss: 1) Reduce the resistance of the wires, but increase their diameter (heavy - difficult to hang, and expensive - copper). 2) Reducing the current by increasing the voltage.
The influence of thermal power plants on environment Thermal power plants – lead to thermal air pollution by fuel combustion products. Hydroelectric power stations lead to flooding of vast territories that are taken out of land use. Nuclear power plant - can lead to the release of radioactive substances.
The main stages of production, transmission and consumption of electricity 1.Mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy using generators at power plants. 1.Mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy using generators in power plants. 2. Electrical voltage is increased to transmit electricity over long distances. 2. Electrical voltage is increased to transmit electricity over long distances. 3. Electricity is transmitted under high voltage along high-voltage power lines. 3. Electricity is transmitted at high voltage through high-voltage power lines. 4. When distributing electricity to consumers, the electrical voltage is reduced. 4. When distributing electricity to consumers, the electrical voltage is reduced. 5. When electricity is consumed, it is converted into other types of energy - mechanical, light or internal. 5. When electricity is consumed, it is converted into other types of energy - mechanical, light or internal.
