People say this: "September collects birds on the road." And it’s not for nothing that they say it! Before the onset of cold weather, in many regions of Russia, some species of birds leave them. In this article, we will talk about which birds fly to warm places in the fall and why, in fact, they do.
Golden autumn. Who is flying and where?
Watching in the autumn season is quite interesting. For wintering, cranes, ducks, blackbirds and swallows usually fly to warmer climes. And among them there is a kind of priority. For example, swifts were the first to leave their native lands, and ducks were the last to leave.
Already in September, cranes begin to gather in their flocks. So they prepare for a long journey. These beauties say goodbye to us until spring with their beautiful guttural scream, which spreads so far in this clean autumn air that you are simply amazed!
In early October, geese set off on a long journey. There is a saying about them: "Geese on their tail drag winter-winter, and snow-snow on their nose."
Swallows fly to the Mediterranean coast for the winter. The most desperate of them generally fly directly to Africa!
What birds do you think fly away in the warm lands one by one? Right! These are kites, kingfishers, hawks, falcons and cuckoos. However, most migratory birds still leave their homelands in packs. For example, ducks generally line up in an oblique row, and geese and cranes fly in a wedge.
What will be the fall?
From which birds fly off to the warm lands in the fall, one can predict what it will actually be! Consider this sign on the example of all the same cranes.
Why do birds fly south in the fall?
It would seem that the answer to this question is simpler than ever. But there it was, friends! Birds leave their native land not only because of the coming cold weather! After all, if this were so, then why are sparrows and pigeons, as well as crows and titmouse, wintering next to a man Is their plumage more dense than that of handsome cranes? Of course not! It's not about the cold, but about nutrition!
Evolution ordered that sparrows and pigeons adapted to find food in garbage bins, garbage dumps and landfills. Neither winter nor autumn is terrible for these "winter" birds! Birds fly away (photo 1), which feed only on fish, insects and their larvae. After all, to stay in the former lands for the winter is similar to death for them. Until spring there will be no insects and fish (water bodies are covered with ice). So poor migratory birds have to travel from one end of the globe to the other, for thousands of kilometers!
Long journey
So, now we, friends, know what birds fly to warm places in the fall and, most importantly, what makes them do it! In addition, they spend as much energy on their long flight as people do on a long trip. Many of us get tired after just a few kilometers, and birds generally have to cover a distance of two thousand kilometers without any stop! This is a real heroic act!
In autumn, watching flocks of migratory birds with their baby, loving parents tell the child what journey awaits birds in warm places. And having heard the question, why do ducks and storks do not want to winter with us, many mothers and fathers think. The most obvious answer seems to be that not all birds can bear the coming cold. But this is not entirely true. So how do you answer the question of your little why-thing?
Birds fly away to warmer climes not because they are very afraid of the cold. Feathers and warm fluff between them protect the birdie as well as your jacket and panties protect you from frost.
But there is something that not only our little flying friends cannot live without, but also all animals and people. Right, no food. What do birds eat? Insects, grains, some even frogs and rodents. Have you seen flies and butterflies in winter? Because insects in the cold season hide and fall asleep until spring.
The birds remain to live with us until they can easily find food for themselves, and then begin to gather for departure.
Mom's note!
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- Insectivorous birds are the first to leave us: rooks, swallows, wagtails, etc.
- Then, when it becomes difficult to find grain and fruits of trees for food, finches, siskins, oatmeal are prepared on a long journey. After all, if the snow wraps the earth, it will be very difficult to find food for our feathered friends.
- Waterfowl last fly away: ducks, geese, swans. Because in winter, all water bodies freeze, and it is almost impossible to find suitable food for feathered lake inhabitants. At the same time, cranes and storks leave us, in the usual diet of which frogs and rodents are included.
Only those birds that winter can get food for themselves without wintering remain. For example, crossbills living in the forest feed on seeds from cones of conifers: firs, pines. Sparrows, crows, pigeons, tits have long adapted to life in cities where it is easy to find something edible.
People help birds survive the cold and hungry time: they make feeders where they put seeds and grains. Remember, we treated the pigeons with crumbs in the park? Many do this, so the city birds are not afraid to stay with us for the winter.
About this you can have a conversation with an inquisitive baby. Do not forget that sometimes it’s very useful for a child to first think about his own task in search of an answer. Your leading questions can help him get to the bottom of the problem. This will have a good effect on children's self-esteem, create an experience of success, and encourage in the future to study and analyze the world around them independently.
Shishkin school. Natural History. Migratory birds
In the video we find out which birds fly south and why they do it. We’ll also learn how to keep track of migratory birds:
Some species of birds with the onset of cold weather fly from Russia to warmer places. The birds are warm-blooded animals with a body temperature of 41 degrees, but what then makes them fly away to the south for the winter? According to statistics, more than 60 species of birds inhabit the Russian territory, most of which migrate seasonally to southern countries. To recognize which birds are migratory birds, you need to pay attention to what they feed on. In conditions of food shortage, birds tend to find food in other territories.
There are insectivorous, granivorous and carnivorous birds. Insectivorous winged fly away first, because with the onset of cold weather insects either hide or disappear. Lack of food makes the birds fly to other countries, where insects are present all year round and keep warm temperatures.
Feathered living in the tundra or taiga, almost all fly to where the climate is warmer. Among the other migratory species of birds, ornithologists distinguish:
- finches;
- zaryanok;
- rooks;
- jackdaws;
- garden warblers;
- kingfishers;
- lapwings;
- orioles;
- flytraps;
- lark;
- cuckoos;
- swans
- starlings;
- blackbirds;
- nightingales and others.
Insectivorous, carnivorous and granivorous
A striking example of this is the swallow, which feeds on May bugs and dragonflies. Swallows prefer to find their food on mediterranean coast. Carnivorous migratory birds include herons, which feed on fish and frogs. In winter, lakes and rivers freeze, which makes feeding these birds impossible.
Granivorous birds, which find it difficult to find seeds and herbs in the snow, also suffer. Popular herbivores are cranes that prefer to prepare for departure in early autumn. Gathering in flocks, heat-loving cranes notify people of their departure guttural scream. However, not all cranes leave their native lands, but only those who live in the northern regions of Russia.
Which of the feathered winters?
Settled species of birds do not leave their habitats and do not fly away to the warm regions for the winter. Adapting to the living conditions of modern people and the temperature, the birds do not fly south, but remain, continuing to eat leftover food collected from garbage bins and landfills.
Also, people themselves feed representatives of settled species with the help of special feeders. Birds that do not leave their native land:
- tits;
- sparrows
- woodpeckers;
- bullfinches;
- schur
- crows;
- waxwings;
- crawl;
- pigeons.
Which birds fly to warmer climes first
Insectivorous winged species leave homeland first. Swifts fly high, where much cooler and faster insects begin to disappear. Further, swallows fly south.
Song wagtails feed only on dragonflies, which they masterfully intercept on the fly. Dragonflies, in turn, either die with the onset of cold weather, or hide in secluded places, depriving the wagtail of food. In early autumn, these birds gather in flocks and set off on a journey at dawn. They return home in early spring.
Who flies last
After insectivorous species, herbivores fly away. The last to depart are ducks, swans and geese, who can find food right up to the time when the water covered with ice crust. Only then, fishing will cease to be possible.
Ducks winter on the Balkan Peninsula, swans fly to Greece and the UK, and cranes fly to Italy. To a separate species of winged are the so-called "nomadic". These birds remain in their native land in the fall and even during the warm winter. Waxwing, bullfinch, siskin, schur, goldfinch and titmouse - these are representatives of nomadic species. They fly away only if the air temperature is extremely low.
The first cold nights in August are signals for the flight of birds. Every year, migration to the countries of the Mediterranean and Africa. Cuckoos, flycatchers, swallows are sent to the African continent. Seagulls migrate to the shores of the Azov and Caspian seas. Starlings are sent to France.
Ornithologists are surprised at the polar long-tailed tern, which lives in the Siberian territories in summer and spring, and goes to Antarctica for the winterat. Scientists are trying to explain this phenomenon by the fact that terns eat fish, small crustaceans, i.e. creatures that live mainly in cold water.
What birds fly to warmer climes and why they do it is written above. They have to fly away for natural reasons that people can’t change in any way, but you can try to make the life of the remaining birds easier: feed the birds in the winter or build special feeders on the trees. This is unlikely to cause other birds to fly away, but it will definitely contribute to the development of the animal world.
Our children already know that with the advent of autumn many birds fly to warmer climes. But it will not be superfluous to recall this again.
What birds winter in our area? View the illustrations.
Talk with your child about those birds that are left to winter. Better yet, try to see them and watch them.
Why do some birds fly away
and others remain to winter with us?
Do not rush to answer for the child, give him the opportunity to reason a little, help with leading questions.
Where do ducks and geese live? That's right, by the rivers and ponds. The river for them is both a house and a dining room. And what happens to rivers in winter? True, they freeze. So, waterfowl need to look for another house.
And what do swallows eat in summer, what do they feed their chicks with? Flying insects. Do insects fly in winter? No, they hide from the cold until spring. It turns out that in the winter many birds have nothing to eat, so they are looking for a home in other places, warm and satisfying.
Why then do not sparrows and titmouse, crows and jackdaws, jays and woodpeckers fly away? It’s just that all of them can find food for themselves in the winter: seeds and fruits of plants and even insects with their larvae under the bark of trees. And if you move closer to people, you can profit from the remnants of food that are sure to be found near the housing.
Sparrow flocks can be seen on flying bushes and trees almost always.
Learn the rhyme:
Why do I love a sparrow?
For being like me:
When the cold comes
Does not fly away anywhere.
(V. Levin)
Lively titmouse- Also frequent guests. They feed mainly on insects, which are pulled out of the cracks in the tree bark. See how the birds scramble up and down the trunks in search of insects.
Watch ravens and magpies with your child. These birds are omnivorous: they eat insects, grain, and all kinds of food waste.
The little birds that remained to spend the winter with us are not having a sweet time. Still, getting to the feed is not easy - it often happens, hidden under ice and snow. And in winter it is very cold, and the bird needs more food than in summer.
Our children already know about what they know about the great benefits that birds bring. If they have “forgotten”, tell them how titmouse and other small birdies save trees from harmful insects. The more birds in the forest or in the garden, the more whole the trees.
Explain to the child that in winter, birds die not from the cold, but from hunger. After all, a well-fed bird will not freeze even in the most severe frost. And if you make and hang a feeder with a child in a park, at the edge of a forest or near a house, then you will not only be able to observe the birds, but you will also do a good and necessary job.
If dad agrees to help, you can build by all the rules. To do this, you need a small plank or plywood, to which you need to attach low sides. It can be hung from four corners on a branch, and even better - mounted on a wooden "leg" driven into the ground. Then the feeder will not sway from the wind. The wooden roof does not hurt.
If the feeder is hanging in the park, and you and the child can’t visit often, it’s convenient to do "automatic" feeder. To do this, fill the bottle with food, turn it upside down and fasten it over the table at a distance of several millimeters. As the birds eat the food, a new one will spill out of the bottle. To prevent the bottle from scaring the birds, first coat it with PVA glue, roll it in the sand and dry it. Now she looks more "natural" and natural.
If you can’t make a wooden feeder, the design can be greatly simplified. For example, by cutting a large window in a plastic bottle or a cardboard milk bag.
What to treat birds with?
The best treat is sunflower and pumpkin seeds.
You can sprinkle crumbs of white bread. Such a treat will appeal to any birds.
All kinds of cereals (millet, oats, millet, etc.) are likely to attract only sparrows.
Bullfinches love rowan berries and elderberries.
Titties can be pampered with slices of unsalted fat or meat. Just do not put fat directly on the table - crows will drag. Hang it on strings or wires to the branches of trees. So the crow is hard to grab the fat, and the tit will bite, clinging to a piece of paws.
Who can be seen at the trough? If she hangs in the yard near the house, then your main guests will be sparrowsand titmouse. In the forest dining room, you can welcome not only all kinds of tits but also woodpecker, and nuthatch.
Birds very quickly get used to the feeder and visit them constantly. If you walk with your child every day at about the same time, try this experiment. Pour feed into the trough every day at certain hours. And very soon you will notice that the birds know the time of lunch and gather at the feeder "on time", waiting for the goodies. Sometimes the whole flock arrives at once, and sometimes, several sparrow-scouts. The child will certainly enjoy the opportunity to observe the birds and their habits during lunch. Accustomed to people, the birds will let you close enough. Only you need to behave very, very quiet.
- flytrap,
- starling,
- Garden reed,
- light bulb
- swallow,
- lark
- cheater
- kingfisher (although its name is winter, it also does not withstand the cold and prefers warm cities).
In autumn, with the onset of cold weather, many birds leave their lands and fly to hotter countries. The main reason is the lack of food. Birds feed on large and small insects. And you will not find them in the winter.
The most famous migratory birds include ducks, cranes, rooks, swallows, blackbirds, swans, starlings, storks, herons, larks and others. In total, there are about sixty bird species in Russia that fly away to winter in warm countries.
Already in September, cranes left their homeland. This is due to the fact that the cranes are herbivorous quot ;. They feed on seeds and herbs. True, this does not apply to all cranes, but only to those who live in the northern part of Russia.
The first birds to fly away are those that ate insects. They just have nothing to eat, such as swallows or starlings.
Among the migratory birds that fly to the south and south during the first frosts:
The chicks thus adapted - to survive. After all, in winter the amount of food is limited, and if there is no supply or the ability to get it (the same woodpecker finds worms and larvae in the lungs, it has no special competitors in this area of \u200b\u200bnutrition).
You have to fly away, where the bird will easily find food.
Then in the spring, migration goes back to us, to our native places.
The first birds to fly south are the Oriole, the cuckoo, starling, swallows, nightingales, siskins, larks, and wagtails. A little later - cranes, kingfishers ... Well, when water bodies (lakes and rivers) freeze, geese and ducks take to the wing.
Migratory birds fly to the south not all together and not at the same time. Departure to warmer climes lasts from late summer to late fall.
One of the first to fly away nightingales. Back in August, they are already preparing for departure and at the end of August fly away.
Also, thrushes, orioles, cuckoos are among the first to fly away.
Storks and swallows fly relatively early - around the beginning of September.
A little later I fly away starlings. They gather in huge flocks and still all the beginning of autumn they fly through fields and gardens in search of food. Often, vineyards are harmed at this time.
Later all waterfowl fly away.
The most heat-loving birds, such as swallows, rooks, starlings, siskins, oatmeal, blackbirds, larks, large birds: herons, cranes, storks, ducks, swans, wild geese, are the first to fly south.
Lack of food is considered the reason why these birds leave our region: they hibernate or the insects that they ate die, hide from the cold, hibernate, or small cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals die too.
They are the first of all migratory birds to fly to the southern regions and the last to return.
People paid attention to the flights of birds from ancient times, wondering at their ability to fly to the warm lands in the fall and return in the spring. With the advent of cold weather, many birds living in cities, forests and fields set off. Moreover, some of them are moving to a new place of residence in late August-early September, when it is still warm.
Swifts are the first to fly due to the fact that they fly high, where it is much cooler than below. It is at altitude that the insects with which they feed first disappear. But swallows hit the road a little later, because they fly below the swifts and they feel the lack of flying food later.
After swifts and swallows, birds fly to the warm edges, for which plants serve as food. But waterfowl geese and ducks You don’t need to hurry, because they find food in water bodies right up to the formation of an ice crust on the water. Therefore they depart on south last.
In anticipation of cold weather, many birds intuitively fly away to the warm regions.
In autumn, you can say goodbye to such birds as
At the same time, these birds fly away very early in the fall. Cold lands leave behind them:
Of course, the first birds to fly to the south are those for whom the cold is very contraindicated, that is, those that are heat-loving by nature. And such birds can be attributed primarily to songbirds such as nightingales, orioles, which are still preparing for the end of summer at the end of summer. And also the cuckoos, swifts, and swallows are early in this regard.
With the advent of cold weather, many birds that delighted us with their beauty and their singing, fly away to warmer climes.
Some migratory birds say goodbye to their habitat just before the frost, and there are those that fly south in early autumn or even at the very end of summer. The latter include songbirds: nightingales (end of August), cuckoo, oriole. It is impossible not to mention swallows and swifts.
All birds are usually divided into migratory and wintering.
Moreover, all birds are warm-blooded. The main reason for the flight of some birds to the south is not the temperature conditions at all, namely the lack of food in the winter. Wintering birds are able to get food for themselves in the cold season, while migratory birds fly to warmer areas in search of food.
The first to fly off are birds that feed on insects - swallows, starlings, rooks, larks, blackbirds, wagtails.
After it is difficult to find seeds or fruits under a layer of snow or leaves, granivorous birds fly away - siskins, oatmeal, finches.
Lastly, waterfowl and geese fly away when rivers and ponds begin to become covered with ice.
