Financial support for start-ups. Help to small business from the state

Starting a business is always associated with certain risks. For many people, the creation of their own business is associated with increased responsibility, both personal and material. The financial issue is the main stumbling block in any endeavor. In addition to the great desire to become an entrepreneur, a sufficient amount of money is necessary. It will allow you to comfortably begin to implement the plan.

In a situation where there are few personal funds, you can apply for. Banks offer lending systems on different conditions. But, in any case, the money will have to be returned with interest. The state provides subsidies for the development of small business, as well as for its opening. You do not need to return them, but the requirements for use are rather stringent. Let's look at the features of state support for future and current entrepreneurs.

Who can claim?

Legal entities and individuals are entitled to receive subsidies free of charge. Cash does not need to be returned. They are issued as a reimbursement of lost income or financial costs in the production process, as well as the sale of goods, the provision of services. This is only part of the possible assignments for issuing funds. Basic information on subsidies is contained in Articles 78–78.2 of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation and in Law No. 209-FZ of July 24, 2007.

Sources of subsidies for business development can be:

• federal budget;
• budget of state extra-budgetary funds;
• budgets of constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
• budgets of territorial state extra-budgetary funds;
• local budgets.

Normative legal and municipal acts must contain the following information regarding subsidies:

• a list of categories or selection criteria for persons who are eligible;
• the purposes for which are provided;
• conditions and procedure for receipt;
• refund process in case of violation of the conditions for which subsidies were provided;
• the process of returning unused subsidies in the reporting financial year;
• reflecting compliance with established rules for the provision of subsidies provisions.

Upon receipt of subsidies an important condition is the consent to the budget funds manager to conduct inspections and control over compliance with the implementation by the recipient of subsidies of established goals, conditions and procedures.

Subsidy Amount Provided

The amount of subsidies is determined by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The maximum volume and purpose of spending is set. A possible increase in the subsidy is foreseen for a certain amount for each unemployed person hired.

For entrepreneurs with Moscow registration, the amount of the subsidy is much higher than in the regions. And there are three available options subsidies:

• in the amount of 300,000 rubles is issued to persons who have not previously worked anywhere, as well as in cases where they have just completed military service; are disabled or the sole breadwinners of the family. These statuses must be documented (military ID, certificate of disability or loss of breadwinner);
• in the amount of 60,000 rubles, which can be increased by the same amount for each unemployed person who will be hired;
• in the amount of 25,000 rubles is provided to novice entrepreneurs for the development of small businesses (registration is possible through individuals - intermediaries).

For what purposes can I use the subsidy?

Entrepreneurs can use funds for specific purposes. The list is approved by the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, which provides the subsidy. Among the most common appointments are:

• purchase of raw materials for production;
• acquisition of equipment or materials for carrying out activities;
• payment of intangible assets (technologies, patents, etc.).

Subsidies are not issued for activities related to the sale of tobacco products, alcohol, as well as equipment rental and real estate.

What do you need to get a subsidy for starting a business?

One of the main requirements is the presence of unemployed status. A person applying for the right to receive a subsidy (hereinafter referred to as the applicant) should not be an individual entrepreneur, nor the founder or co-founder of any company. In addition to this, there must be a record in the work book - “dismissed”.

The subsidy for starting a small business is issued once. Only persons who are not employed by the Employment Center can receive it.

To get a subsidy for starting a small business, you need to contact the Employment Center and register there. To do this, you need a passport, a certificate from the previous place of work on salary, TIN (if any), a certificate of education and employment history. Next, you will need to apply for a grant. When the procedure for applying for an applicant as unemployed is completed, he will be informed of the address of Sberbank, where he should open a savings book. The time of the next visit will also be indicated.

• the registration period for an IP should not exceed one year;
• cash (subsidy amount) must be spent within one calendar year;
• the subsidy can be spent only for the purposes that were indicated in the business plan (and this is the most important).

If the audit process reveals the misuse of the subsidy, then the individual entrepreneur will be obliged to return the received funds in full.

After a year, an individual entrepreneur is required to report on what needs he spent the issued funds. If it turns out that the target expense will not be documented, then the individual entrepreneur will be obliged to return the rest of the amount. Therefore, it is important to properly plan the implementation of the goals declared for the subsidy. And during the year to spend the entire amount.

Obtaining government support is not an easy process. It takes a lot of time. With confidence in their abilities, and, most importantly, when meeting the requirements, an entrepreneur can achieve a subsidy. Amount money, as a rule, not too big and is set by subjects. Subsidies offered by the state for the development of small businesses will help to modernize production (to purchase equipment or technology), to purchase raw materials. If you decide to open your own business, then the participation of the allocated funds will slightly ease the financial burden on the newly minted individual entrepreneur. Subsidized state support is a real, but very long and laborious way to get money. The harsh conditions for issuing and using are not found by too many who wish to apply for state support.

The state provides financial assistance for small businesses

Many people dream of starting a business. Freely managing your time, being your own boss is a pleasant prospect. But most people have to say goodbye to their dream, not even starting to realize it. The reason for this is the lack of funds to open a case.

Some manage to open a small business and start working. But at a certain stage, lack of funds may become an obstacle to further successful development business.

In these cases, do not despair. You should be aware that the state provides financial assistance for small businesses, providing small ones to start and conduct their own business.

The Russian government has developed a special program for subsidizing small businesses. Any novice businessman or owner of a working production facility has the right to receive financial assistance for opening and promoting a business.

A subsidy is a gratuitous allocation of certain amounts, do not confuse it with or loans. The state aims to support private entrepreneurs, small enterprises. Subsidies are directed to strictly defined sectors in the development of which the state is interested in the short term.

The amount of payments depends on the regional authorities and can be spent only for certain purposes (also determined by local authorities):

• purchase of equipment;
• purchase of raw materials;
• purchase of intangible assets: patents, technologies.

Subsidies are granted only subject to several conditions:

1. The company was opened less than a year ago.
2. The company is not engaged in the production, sale of alcohol or tobacco products.
3. The company does not deal with real estate, equipment rental.
4. There is a business plan for the development and spending of funds.
5. Funds are allocated only for purposes determined by local authorities. In case of misuse of funds, even if they are associated with this business, the recipient must return the full amount of the subsidy.
6. All allocated money is spent during the year. Funds not used during the calendar year must be returned to the state.

After a year from the date of receipt of the subsidy, the entrepreneur is obliged to report for each ruble spent. In some cases, the duration of the subsidy lasts 2 years or more.

Subsidies for the unemployed who want to start a business are handled by the employment center. Targeted subsidies for the development of certain sectors of the economy are distributed by the Entrepreneurship Support Centers together with local authorities.

To whom are subsidies issued?

Who can get subsidies for small businesses

The state allocates financial resources novice entrepreneurs and existing enterprises in:

• opening of own production;
• development of existing business.

Grants are issued by the Employment Service to open their business. Payment is due only to the unemployed, registered at the nearest Employment Center, if there is a record of dismissal from his place in his work book.

Not considered as grant applicants:

• students studying;
• individual entrepreneurs;
• founders, co-founders of firms and companies.

The unemployed need to warn the employee of the Center about the desire to organize their own business, prepare a business plan, calculations, provide them along with the required documents.

When providing financial assistance to an operating enterprise, the state does not set as its goal the covering of all expenses of the entrepreneur. Therefore, the availability of own funds is welcome, and in many cases it is required to deposit a certain percentage of the funds by the owner of the business.

Methods of state support for small businesses

Financial support for small and medium-sized businesses is provided in the form of various grants, subsidies, compensations, and benefits. It is especially valuable that assistance is provided free of charge, it should not be returned. It is enough to send them as directed and report on time.

Forms of gratuitous support for small businesses:

1. Grants for beginners (production exists for no more than 2 years). It is aimed at implementing the presented business plan. The amount of payment is not more than 500,000 rubles. The grant recipient must have in his account a sum of money in the amount of 40-50% of the estimated business plan.
2. Development subsidy. Issued to an existing enterprise for the acquisition of certain assets and funds. The amount of the subsidy is from 50 to 90% of the total amount, but not more than 10 million rubles.
3. Grants for self-employment. Issued by the unemployed. The grant is equal to the amount of unemployment benefits for 1 year.
4. Partial compensation of interest on a loan to purchase the necessary equipment, technical means or making lease payments. The state usually incurs from 2.5 to 5.5% per annum, after the provision of documents on payments already made on the loan.
5. Compensation of funds spent on participation in exhibitions and fairs: equipment rental, registration fee, transportation of equipment, products throughout the Russian Federation, other countries. It makes up 2/3 of all costs, but not more than 30,000 rubles.

Special conditions are provided to agricultural enterprises. They get the opportunity through subsidies to purchase equipment, necessary equipment, breeding young growth, seeds.

What subsidies are provided by the Employment Service

Employment Service Provides Subsidies for Small Businesses

The employment service provides free assistance to open their business only to officially registered unemployed. To register, you must provide:

• passport;
• TIN,;
• diploma or certificate;
• a salary certificate for 3 months before dismissal (take at the place of last work).

You must write a statement about your desire to participate in the Self-Employment Program. Then write and submit a business plan. You can compose it yourself or entrust to a specialist. It indicates the estimated costs, revenues, justifies utility, the estimated benefits of production, an approximate payback period.

Another condition for the provision of subsidies: The Employment Center does not provide an appropriate job for the grant applicant.

A special commission considers the submitted documents, conducts an interview, makes a decision. If the decision is positive, an agreement is concluded between the SPZ and the grant recipient. Money will be transferred to his personal account. The amount depends on the region, but usually it is a little money, it will not work to open a more or less serious business.

Spending should be targeted. Money should be used to solve the following problems:

1. Registration of an enterprise in the form of a legal entity persons, individual entrepreneurs or peasant farms.
2. Preparation, paperwork.
3. Payment of legal services.
4. Purchase of forms.
5. Production of seals, stamps.

The citizen is provided with consulting and informational assistance. He needs to register with the local tax office.

Subsidies from local governments

To receive more substantial assistance (up to 500 thousand rubles), an entrepreneur needs to contact local authorities.

The list is the same as when applying to the employment center. Having collected all the papers, you should take them to the local Department for the development of small and medium-sized businesses. Grants are awarded on a competitive basis, so the main condition for receiving cash payments is to be able to interest members of the commission, to prove that this particular project deserves attention and support.

Due to the large amount of the grant, it is necessary to be prepared for ongoing reviews and reports. It is necessary to prove the targeted waste of funds, otherwise they will have to be returned.

What to look for

Subsidized production involves the creation of new jobs

When applying for state support, a novice entrepreneur should remember:

1. Subsidized production should be among the priorities for this region. This increases the chance of a grant.
2. Subsidies are not allocated for the development of businesses related to tobacco or alcohol production, real estate, rental and supply.
3. Subsidized production involves the creation of new jobs.
4. An entrepreneur must invest at the same time as a state subsidy at least 40-50% of the total amount stipulated by the business plan.

The specific depends on the conditions of a separate financing program. The more a businessman himself is ready to invest in his company, the greater the amount he can count on.

When developing a business plan, it should be remembered that subsidies are not allocated to knowingly unprofitable production. The lower the risk, the greater the likelihood of approval of the subsidy.

Other types of state support for small businesses

Federal and regional target programs are aimed at providing services to novice entrepreneurs, which include:

1. Providing the necessary information, training programs, courses, seminars, counseling.
2. Development of business infrastructure: creating conditions for the development of entrepreneurship, business incubators, funds.
3. Introduction of innovative programs and scientific and technical developments.
4. Assistance to start-up entrepreneurs in legal matters, accounting advice, in obtaining licenses and permits.

In addition, an entrepreneur can receive:

• , non-residential real estate, equipment for rent at low prices or even for free;
• assistance in obtaining a loan at a bank at low rates;
• subsidy for the purchase of equipment or fixed assets for leasing.

Besides federal programsEach region has its own programs to support small and medium-sized businesses.

Subsidies for doing business are a good way to support business and entrepreneurial citizens who are able not only to open their own business, but also to develop it in the interests of their family and the entire state. This is exactly what the State Program for Support of Small and Medium Businesses is aimed at.

How to get money from the state for the development of IP, see the following video:

Mar 13, 2018 Content manager

You can ask any question below.

No economic instability will stop a real entrepreneur from starting a business. However, the lack of funds always becomes an obstacle, and sometimes it seems impossible to overcome. But there are no problems that cannot be solved. You can try to get a state subsidy for starting a business. At the level of legislation, the opportunity to receive a subsidy for opening and supporting small businesses is spelled out. There is a certain list of assistance that can be obtained from the state:

• subsidies for the unemployed to open own business;
• assistance for the development of their own business, provided for beginning businessmen;
• the state may act as a guarantor in a loan or leasing agreement;
• partial compensation of interest on loans;
• partial repayment of debt under a leasing agreement;
• facilitating the issuance of soft loans;
• reimbursement of expenses that were directed to participate in fairs or exhibitions;
• preferential taxation.

Subsidies for the unemployed

For those who have lost their jobs, the opportunity to receive subsidies for opening their own business is provided. Today you can get about 59 thousand rubles. This type of subsidy is provided free of charge. To receive assistance, it is necessary that a person be registered in the employment center as unemployed and. Some regional offices of the employment center offer preliminary short training in the basics business activities.

Most often help projects that have social orientation, or suggest the creation of new jobs. You cannot get a subsidy if your business involves the circulation of alcohol, network marketing or opening a pawnshop. For each hired employee, you can get an additional 59 thousand rubles.

The only negative, if the business lasts less than 1 year, then the state money will have to be returned.

Read also: Work or business: why your business is undeniably better in 2019

Help for novice businessmen

The amount of subsidies in this case is more impressive, about 300 thousand rubles. But in order to at least have the right to seek help, it is necessary that the business already exists for at least 1 year.

Will have to draw up and protect your business project. Terms of state participation in the project 50X50 or 50X70. You can spend money on equipment, raw materials, or even rent. The main condition, the company should not have arrears on social benefits and taxes. Mostly money is given out for socially significant projects, that is, for a business in the field of healthcare, consumer services.

Surety in contracts

In almost every region there are guarantee funds that are entitled to guarantee to banks for a particular entrepreneur. Such assistance is provided on a paid basis, you will have to pay about 1.5% of the amount of the transaction for which a guarantee is required. The entrepreneur and the guarantee fund must be in the same region.

Partial interest repayment

Such assistance can be provided to almost any type of entrepreneurial activity. The amount of compensation largely depends on the refinancing rate, which is valid at the time of assistance, the size of the loan agreement.

Partial reimbursement of expenses under a leasing agreement

Such a program is provided for the most part for those entrepreneurs who have entered into leasing agreements for the purchase of vehicles and production equipment. The size of the partial repayment largely depends on the region. For example, in Moscow you can count on a subsidy of 5 million rubles.

Soft loans

To become a member of preferential lending, you must apply to the entrepreneurial support fund at the location of the entrepreneur. The amount of assistance may be a minimum of 10 thousand rubles, or maybe a maximum of 1 million rubles. The average loan term is 2 years.

No small business owner can say that he has excess funds. Since its inception, the company is constantly experiencing financial shortages: most often, even with strict savings, money is only enough for the most necessary, and many plans for the development, development of new markets or the production of any products demanded by consumers remain unfulfilled.

Entrepreneurs caught in similar situation, you should understand how to get a subsidy for the development of small business in 2018: gratuitous financial assistance from the state, when used correctly, becomes the catalyst that allows you to bring the company to a qualitatively different level. Of course, there are well-known restrictions and conditions for applicants participating in tenders for the provision of support of this kind, and the business plans proposed for consideration are thoroughly tested, but practice shows that even with the proper level of elaboration, even the most ordinary projects have very real chances of success .

Preferred Directions

There is nothing surprising in the fact that the state implements a strategy for the development of small business in order to obtain the maximum benefit from private enterprises for the regions. Therefore, in each region, local authorities form their own list of priority business areas, given characteristics territories, weak spots in the economy and resources available to entrepreneurs. However, a detailed examination reveals common areas for all subjects of the Russian Federation:

• Breeding of birds and animals, growing plants;
• Processing of agricultural products;
• Doing business in remote villages and villages;
• Industrial production of goods and essentials;
• Recycling and recycling;
• Introduction of new technologies and innovations;
• Production of goods of export value;
• Housing and utilities;
• Transport business, including passenger and intercity transportation;
• Development of domestic and ecological tourism;
• Socially important sectors - medicine, sports, education;
• Employment of people with disabilities;
• Civil engineering;
• Artistic folk crafts;
• Environmental protection, production of environmental products;
• Domestic services.

It should be noted that in 2018, entrepreneurs who create or develop projects in the following areas cannot apply for financial assistance to small businesses from the state in 2018, a soft loan or other form of subsidizing:

• Crediting, insurance, investments in securities, Forex trading, implementation of private pension programs, pawnshops;
• Gambling, sweepstakes, bookmakers;
• Production and sale of goods subject to excise duty;
• Extraction and sale of minerals (other than common).

Business plan

The basis for allocating assistance to a novice entrepreneur from the state of 2018 is, first of all, a correctly drawn up business plan. By submitting this document, the businessman shows his awareness of the market situation, the presence of competitors, the target audience, and also demonstrates the ability to conduct business at a high professional level.

Too complicated, voluminous or confusing plan with many details should not be developed: this will only complicate the work of the commission. An optimal project is considered to be 50–90 pages long, with the help of numbers and other financial indicators that clearly demonstrate the social effectiveness and significance of the business.

The document should contain the following sections:

• Summary. Here it is necessary to briefly indicate the objectives and advantages of the project, describe the products or services being produced, provide arguments in favor of the social significance of the subsidized activities;
• Market situation analysis. In the section you need to consider the situation on the market, the volume of consumption of the products or services offered, mention existing analogues and analyze the strategy of competitors;
• Production plan. This item is devoted to the organization of the production process, suppliers and methods of acquiring equipment and raw materials, new jobs and staffing of the enterprise;
• Marketing plan. Here you should consider the composition of the target audience, methods of selling products or services, the company's pricing policy, marketing activities to promote the brand and the product itself;
• Financial plan. In this section, you need to calculate the volume of initial investments, taking into account subsidies, the amount of overhead costs, determine the potential profit, profitability and payback period of the project;
• Risk analysis. The item should be devoted to studying risks and negatively affecting business factors, and also to consider ways to deal with them.

When assessing the prospects of the project, the tender committee of the fund that provides the state with a small business subsidy in 2018 draws attention to some characteristics that directly affect the adoption of a positive or negative decision. These criteria include:

• Social orientation. In the business plan, it is necessary to consider in detail the social problems that can be solved by implementing the project;
• New workplaces. For projects involving the creation of several new jobs, the likelihood of approval increases significantly;
• Profitability. We should not forget that the main goal of a business is to generate income. Therefore, the presented project should be not only socially useful, but also cost-effective;
• Intended use of subsidies. In the economic part of the plan, it is necessary to describe all areas of public spending. The commission must understand that not a single penny will be wasted;
• Own investments. The more own funds an entrepreneur plans to invest in business in addition to subsidies, the greater are the chances of success. For some types of assistance, equity investment is mandatory.

Startup subsidy

For beginning entrepreneurs, the first instance allocating money for opening a small business from the state in 2018 is the Employment Center. Here, a special commission reviews projects submitted by newcomers; the implementation of the most successful ideas is stimulated by financing in the amount of 12-month unemployment benefits, which currently stands at 58,800 rubles.

Who can get a subsidy?

This form of the grant for opening a small business 2018 provided by the Employment Center is intended exclusively for unemployed citizens who want to create their own business and thus ensure their own self-employment. Applicants for funding from the state may be persons who:

• Have a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• Have come of age;
• Registered in the local employment center;
• Have been officially unemployed for more than a month;
• We could not get a job in the areas proposed by the work center.

• Persons under the age of majority;
• High school students in full-time;
• Citizens receiving an old-age pension;
• Persons with a criminal record;
• Unemployed, dismissed by court order;
• Unemployed, fired for any violation of labor discipline;
• Citizens violating the rules established by the employment center;
• Entrepreneurs who ceased operations less than 6 months ago.

Order of receipt

How to get money for business 2018 from the state free of charge? First of all, you need to contact the local Employment Center and provide its employees with the following package of documents:

• Passport with a registration mark;
• Personal work book;
• Certificate of pension insurance;
• Certificate of TIN issuance;
• Certificate of income received at the previous place of work;
• Diploma of secondary special or higher education.

After registration, the candidate will be offered several vacancies. Of course, you need to go through these interviews in such a way as to be denied employment. After a month, the now officially unemployed citizen can proceed to the second stage of creating his own business with the help of the state. To do this:

• Get advice from an employee of the Center on the availability of subsidy programs;
• Take testing for entrepreneurial skills;
• Write an application for participation in the self-employment program;
• Draw up a business plan for the project;
• Submit an application and plan to the appropriate department of the employment center
• Expect consideration of the application by the commission within 10 days;
• If necessary - defend the project before the commission;
• After receiving approval, conclude a subsidy agreement with the employment center;
• Register an IP and open a current account.

The subsidy for starting a business is free of charge. Therefore, the Employment Center strictly controls the appropriateness of spending funds on certain projects. To get help from the state, a novice businessman must draw up a high-quality business plan and protect it before the commission: not only the social benefit and profitability of the enterprise, but also the personality of the applicant, his self-confidence, knowledge, understanding of the essence of entrepreneurship are important.

Special purpose

This form of financial assistance to small businesses from the state in 2018 involves targeted spending of funds exclusively to ensure basic production needs:

• Lease and repair of industrial premises;
• Ensuring the supply of raw materials;
• Purchase of a license (if necessary);
• Acquisition of technological equipment;
• Organization of jobs for employees;
• Software purchase.

Within three months after the transfer of assistance to the account of the enterprise, the businessman must report to the employment center on the use of the subsidy by providing checks, bills, receipts or other financial documents. If violations are detected established order the state has the right to demand a refund.

Business Development Grant

The subsidy for the development of small business in 2018 is a gratuitous material assistance allocated by the state as an incentive for the implementation of projects that are interesting and useful to society. Thus, the main condition for receiving a grant can be formulated: the idea presented should solve a social problem and bring benefits not only to the entrepreneur, but also to ordinary citizens. The following companies are engaged in financing of such a business:

• SME Development Committee;
• The committee economic development and investment activities;
• Committee on Industrial Policy and Innovation;
• Local government;
• Foundation for the Promotion of Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere.

Who can get a subsidy?

The most important restrictions for an entrepreneur applying for are the volume of turnover and the number of employees in his company, since only SMEs that can not exceed the limits established by law can receive money for the development of small business from the state of 2018. When listing other characteristics of a candidate, the following should be mentioned:

• The company exists for at least 12 months;
• The main activity is the production of goods and services in one of the priority sectors for subsidizing;
• The credit history of the businessman does not raise questions with the commission;
• The company has no debts on tax, pension and insurance payments;
• The entrepreneur is ready to invest his own funds in the business (this share for different regions ranges from 15-30% of the total project cost).

Order of receipt

It is necessary to find the nearest regional branch of the SME Development Committee. Further, by means of a personal appeal to his employees, it is necessary to clarify the requirements for candidates and projects, the rules for drawing up a business plan and applications for participation in the competition. Finally, you can start collecting required documentsThe list of which includes:

• Well-developed business plan;
• Passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• Certificate of registration of the enterprise;
• Constituent documents (if any);
• Application for participation in the competition;
• Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities / EGRIP;
• Notification from Rosstat;
• Certificate from the Federal Tax Service on the absence of tax debt;
• Certificates from other funds (PFR, FSS) about the absence of debt;
• Evidence of the enterprise's affiliation with the SMEs (certificates of annual turnover and average number employees).

The amount of state assistance also depends on the region: for example, in Moscow or St. Petersburg, an entrepreneur can apply for 500 thousand rubles, while in Kazan or Chelyabinsk, the upper limit for subsidies is set at 300 thousand rubles. To increase the likelihood of receiving a grant, it is necessary to take into account that:

• In the business plan, you need to consider in detail the tasks that the company can solve with the help of additional financing, and the goals for which public funds will be directed;
• It is not worth initially specifying overstated amounts in the application or adjusting the business plan to the size of the grant;
• Original and non-standard projects are more likely to succeed;
• The subsidy for the development of small business 2018 is transferred to the account of the enterprise in stages: after the development of each tranche, it is necessary to submit a report on the use of funds to the fund. In addition, the entrepreneur must pay income tax on the amount of the grant.

Special purpose

The money received is allowed to be spent exclusively for the purposes indicated in the business plan; no changes or deviations are allowed in this case. Moreover, funds should be directed only to the purchase of fixed assets directly involved in the production process. For this reason, the state subsidy for business 2018 cannot be used for partial or full reimbursement of expenses under such items as:

1. Purchase of real estate, furniture, household electronic appliances;
2. Design, construction and repair of capital structures;
3. Purchase of cars;
4. Pay salary;
5. Purchase of licenses, payment of entrance fees to SROs;
6. Formation of authorized capital;
7. Printing promotional products.

Equipment Upgrade Grant

Not all 2018 SME support programs implemented by the SME Support Committee are designed exclusively for beginner businessmen. So, long-running enterprises can reimburse up to 50% of the costs associated with the modernization of equipment, the purchase of more productive machines or production lines, provided that the amount of the subsidy does not exceed 5 million rubles.

Who can get a subsidy?

Of course, among the applicants, in this case, a competition is also mandatory. SME entities that meet the following requirements are allowed to participate in it:

• In relation to the enterprise, no closing, bankruptcy, reorganization or other actions restricting activities are carried out;
• The entrepreneur has no debt to the state;
• Salaries are paid on time and in full;
• The salary of employees is not lower than the minimum in the region;
• The company fully paid the supplier the cost of equipment;
• The state this year did not allocate funds to the company for modernization.

Foreign enterprises and domestic firms, in the capital of which the share of foreign co-owners exceeds 50%, cannot apply for a subsidy.

Order of receipt

In order to take part in the competition for the provision of financial assistance to entrepreneurs from the state of 2018, it is necessary to prepare and transfer to the commission a package of documents confirming the expenditure of funds. It includes:

Application for small business subsidies in 2018.

Attachments to the application, including full information about the applicant:

• Name of the enterprise or data on individual entrepreneur, place of registration, area of \u200b\u200bactivity;
• Financial indicators - turnover, profit and tax payments, average number of employees and their salaries;
• The list of measures for the effective development of subsidies is the number of jobs created, revenue growth.

Evidence of the legitimate acquisition of equipment and mechanisms:

• Sales contract and acceptance certificate;
• Inventory card for fixed assets;
• Technical passport or instruction manual;
• Evidence that the supplier is a manufacturer, authorized dealer or distributor of the specified type of equipment;
• Receipts, invoices or other documents confirming the expenditure of funds for the purchase and installation of equipment.

The Commission publishes in advance the dates of acceptance and consideration of applications. Decision-making takes no more than five working days, and in the process of selecting the winner, attention is paid to indicators of the social and economic efficiency of the project, including:

• The ratio of the number of people with disabilities to the total number of employees;
• The presence of an innovative component in the activities of the applicant;
• The number of contracts concluded with buyers for the supply of products;
• Salary increase for employees;
• Growth in revenue from sales of products of own production;
• Creation of new jobs.

A prerequisite for the allocation of assistance is the creation of at least one workplace upon receipt of 1-2 million rubles, and at least two - with subsidies worth more than 2 million rubles. Besides:

• Reimbursement for the purchase of equipment is possible only under one contract;
• Equipment purchased within three years after receiving a subsidy cannot be sold, leased or transferred to anyone under a leasing agreement;
• To reimburse part of the costs, the contract for the supply of equipment should be concluded no more than two years ago.

Special purpose

Only the modernization of equipment intended for the production of goods is financed from the state budget; businessmen who receive income from the provision of services do not have the right to such small business support in 2018. In addition, the bidding committee reviewing applications focuses on the fact that:

• Acquired equipment should be directly involved in the production process;
• The equipment must be completely new, without signs of operation;
• You can only buy equipment or a production line from a manufacturer, an authorized dealer or distributor;
• Equipment should belong to at least the second depreciation group with an effective life of more than two years.

Business Registration Subsidy

Any novice entrepreneur who wants to save on registering his IP, has to pay at least a state fee in the amount of 800 rubles and notary services certifying copies of documents. Printing is also often required, which is theoretically optional, but desirable when dealing with customers and suppliers. Moreover, when registering an LLC, there are much more documents, and the fee is already 4,000 rubles: it is obvious that many would prefer to compensate for such expenses in the early stages of business development.

The Center for Employment of the Population also deals with this issue, which pays a subsidy in the amount of up to 20,000 rubles as compensation for the costs of legalizing the enterprise. To get it, an unemployed citizen must:

• Register in the employment center. To do this, you will need a passport, TIN, personal pension certificate, work book and diploma;
• Fill in the documents. It is necessary to register, obtain unemployment status, write an application for participation in the state program for supporting small business 2018, and also conclude an agreement with the Center on the provision of subsidies;
• Confirm the desire to create a business. Among the possible events, mention should be made of passing entrepreneurial training courses at the Employment Center, psychological testing, and attending seminars;
• Register an enterprise. You need to contact the Federal Tax Service, fill out the documents and get a certificate of registration of SPD;
• Provide confirmation to the work center. It is necessary to provide to the Employment Center certificates of registration and registration, as well as documents confirming the expenses - receipt of payment of state duty, paid bills from a consultant, notary and seal manufacturer.

Many newcomers confuse the reimbursement of registration costs with a subsidy of 58,800 rubles for starting a business. Meanwhile, the first is due to all entrepreneurs regardless of the direction of their activity, while the second is paid only according to the selection results for the implementation of promising projects from the point of view of the state.

Reasons for refusing assistance

Unfortunately, even in full compliance with the requirements of the tender committee, the applicant is sometimes refused when applying for help. The main reasons why entrepreneurs are left without state support are listed below:

1. The applicant does not have experience in the relevant industry;
2. The entrepreneur has a negative credit history or has committed any violations of the rules for using the subsidies granted to him in the past;
3. A non-subsidized field of activity was chosen - gambling, production of excisable goods, mining, investing, insurance, or other work with customer funds;
4. Overpriced or unreasonable funding requested;
5. The business plan does not indicate changes in the amount of income and expenses after the provision of subsidies for entrepreneurs in 2018, are not reflected economic efficiency and the social significance of the project;
6. It is impossible to verify the targeted spending of funds, since the project does not define the direction of spending financial assistance.

Conclusion

A novice entrepreneur must take into account that the new legislation expects changes in the procedure for providing assistance to existing enterprises. In contrast, in 2018, subsidies will be allocated as reimbursement of expenses actually incurred. Simply put, the company must first find its own funds or obtain a loan, purchase the required equipment, and then apply for compensation.

Fortunately, this inconvenience is offset by a fairly simple procedure for obtaining subsidies: you just need to take good idea, draw up on its basis a competent business plan with the necessary emphasis on the social importance of the project, fulfill the requirements of the organization providing assistance, and then correctly use such support at any stage of the entrepreneurial path.
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Help for small businesses: organizational support system + 4 detailed options.

A small business that gives its owner financial independence is the dream of everyone who does not want to work for an uncle.

Unfortunately, not everyone can boast of having a decent amount on the account to start a planned project.

Of course, there is always a way out. In this case, there are several of them - tolerate and earn capital, take a loan or borrow from relatives / friends / acquaintances,.

But there is also such an option as small business assistance, which is of several types.

So, today we will talk about how our state supports the development of beginner and experienced entrepreneurs.

State assistance to small business: organizational support system for entrepreneurs

The main regulatory act on which to rely on the issues of our article is The federal law No. 209 “On the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises in the Russian Federation”.

The full text can be found by clicking on the link: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_52144

Each region also has its own body, which is responsible for implementing measures to help entrepreneurs.

A complete list of them is available on the official website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation in the Small Business section: http://economy.gov.ru/minec/activity/sections/smallBusiness

Why is it important to support entrepreneurs?

Thus, in Russia alone, thanks to small and medium-sized businesses, more than 16 million citizens have been provided with work (and this is a quarter of the total employed population).

In addition, 20% of GDP falls on SMEs, although in the world this indicator is close to 35%, so we have a lot to strive for.

The role of SMEs in the economy of an entire country is very significant. We briefly talk about its importance:

• creation of new jobs;
• the formation of healthy competition in the market and adequate pricing of goods and services;
• revenues to budgets of all levels;
• filling those niches where it cannot fit big business (provision household services population, small wholesale, marketing).

But owners of small and medium-sized businesses have to constantly face problems and difficulties:

• economic instability in the country;
• lack of financial resources both for opening and developing a business;
• a large tax burden and the complexity of preparing financial statements;
• constant changes in legislation;
• lack of personnel (qualified specialists prefer to work for the "sharks" of the business, ignoring entrepreneurs);
• difficulty in obtaining loans (not every bank wants to contact a small business).

Agree, not every experienced businessman will be able to withstand the above difficulties, what can we say about newcomers.

That is why the state should provide assistance to entrepreneurs.

In the past 2016, more than 11 billion rubles were allocated from the budget of the Russian Federation to support SMEs.

But, unfortunately, the amount of assistance to small businesses from the state has a downward trend.

So, in 2014, about 20 billion rubles were allocated in support of SMEs, and already in 2015 - 17 billion rubles. In 2016, it was planned to provide financial assistance in the amount of almost 15 billion from the federal budget, but in fact it turned out to be 11 billion.

In 2017, this downward trend in financial assistance continues. The state is ready to provide only 7.5 billion rubles.

Therefore, those who are counting on will have to make a lot of efforts to get it.

The structure of expenditures on assistance to small businesses in 2017 looks like this:

Expenses	Amount, billion
Infrastructure for SME development	3,06
Activities to support single-industry municipalities	0,74
Creation and development of information and consulting support	0,72
Creation of a support infrastructure for SMEs operating in the field of innovation and industrial production	0,69
Completion of capital construction	1,6
Promotion of youth entrepreneurship	0,23
Creation of multifunctional centers for business	0,135

We figured out the numbers and facts, but what is the help to the small business from the state?

So, there are such forms of support for SMEs:

• financial - the provision of financial resources for the opening and development of small businesses (compensation, subsidies, grants, soft loans);
• property - the provision of state property to entrepreneurs on the basis of use rights (land, industrial premises);
• information and consulting - formation information systems, as well as free advice on doing business (trainings, seminars, courses);
• infrastructure - the formation of comfortable conditions for doing business, as well as the creation of business incubators, multi-purpose funds, centers of entrepreneurs;
• organizational - assistance in participating in exhibitions and fairs.

Helping Small Businesses: Who Can Count?

The priority areas that the state is ready to help are recognized:

• area of \u200b\u200bfood and industrial production;
• innovation;
• the provision of domestic, utilities;
• healthcare
• tourism, in particular ecotourism;
• folk craft and creativity.

Help for small and medium-sized businesses: 4 types

In general, there are 4 types of material assistance to small and medium-sized businesses from the state. Let's consider each of them.

1. Money from the employment center (self-employment grant).

In order to combat unemployment and informal employment, the state is ready to provide one-time financial assistance for opening a small business.

The amount of assistance in 2017 is 58.8 thousand rubles.

If your case can provide work for one or more citizens, then the self-employment grant can be increased by 58.8 thousand rubles. for each employee accepted.

The action of this program extends exclusively to the opening of individual entrepreneurship and cannot be applied for:

• minors (up to 16 years old) and pensioners;
• full-time students;
• operating IP or founders of LLC;
• citizens with disabilities belonging to a non-working group;
• young mothers on maternity leave;
• those who work under an employment contract;
• those who refused the job offered at the employment center.

In addition to the documents that must be submitted in order to register with the employment center, in order to receive assistance from the state to small businesses, you will need:

• statement;
• copy of bank account;
• project.

If you are unemployed and want to get start-up capital to start your own business, you will need to take the following steps:

So, your application is approved, after that you will conclude an agreement that you received money to open a case. Funds received should be spent only on intended purpose and you need to move strictly according to plan.

Within the time limits set by the employment center, you need to appear to provide reports on the spent funds.

In case of violation of the terms of the contract (misuse, termination of business ahead of time), you will have to receive help.

2. Grants for beginning entrepreneurs.

This option of helping small businesses from the state is suitable for those who have a certain amount for its opening and development.

That is, the funds are ready to offset part of the costs of opening a business in the amount of up to 500 thousand rubles.

The grant scheme is as follows:

Drawing up a strategy.

This includes the preparation of a detailed business plan that will address production, organizational, financial, marketing issues.

The study of public funds.

On the website of the ministry you can find bodies and funds that are ready to support.

Familiarize yourself with the areas and requirements for candidates for which organizations work.

Preparation of documents and preparation of the application.

You need to approach this stage with all responsibility, because in the absence of even one document or with an incorrectly completed application, the commission may reject your candidacy.

Sending the application and waiting for the decision of the commission.

The commission draws up a certain point system according to which it evaluates the submitted projects.

The one who will score the most points will become the recipient of the grant.

You can spend the money on the purchase of equipment, equipment, raw materials, rental coverage, but not for the payment of salaries to employees. In any case, the use of money should be targeted.

Unfortunately, not everyone can receive such a grant for opening small and medium-sized businesses.

The state for the rational distribution of monetary resources may determine various requirements for candidates:

• entrepreneurial age no more than 2 years;
• passing basic courses on entrepreneurial activity;
• business should not be associated with gaming, banking, insurance, as well as the provision of intermediary services and resale of goods;
• lack of debts to the state;
• employment of a certain number of people.

• abbreviated from the previous place of work;
• university graduates;
• single mothers;
• retired military;
• disabled people.

Ideas that the commission will consider for grants:

• innovation;
• socially significant industries;
• agriculture;
• export-oriented production;
• education;
• tourism;
• advertising, marketing.

3. Credit on favorable terms.

Getting a loan from a bank is a rather complicated and painstaking job that does not always end in success.

Therefore, why not try your luck and ask for a loan from the state, but on favorable terms?

The essence of obtaining a soft loan is as follows:

1. Guaranteed loan support is provided by the Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises.
2. As of the current moment, preferential rates for lending to small businesses are 11%, for the average - 10% (for comparison: you can take out a loan under normal conditions at 24-25% per annum).
3. The maximum loan amount is 1 billion rubles, and the term is 3 years.
4. Loans are issued to those entrepreneurs whose successful activity lasts about six months.
5. Loans are not issued to those on the verge of bankruptcy, who have outstanding debts and a dubious credit history.

A loan on favorable terms can be issued for the following purposes:

• increase in working capital;
• purchase of real estate and vehicles for doing business;
• participation in government orders.

4. Subsidizing small and medium-sized businesses.

Assistance to small businesses from the state in the form of subsidies is carried out on the basis of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1605: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_173683

For those who do not know: subsidies are the receipt of a certain amount of funds for specific purposes.

As a rule, money is issued free of charge and irrevocable. In contrast to the grant, the amounts of which are received in tranches, the subsidy comes in one amount at once.

To help small and medium-sized businesses, these types of subsidies are issued in the following amounts:

Type of subsidy	Amount
Subsidies for the reimbursement of interest on a loan	Compensation 3/4 of the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the date of the conclusion of the loan agreement (up to 5 million rubles and not more than 70% of the actual costs incurred)
Subsidies for reimbursement of a portion of expenses under finance lease (leasing) agreements	5 million rubles. (but not more than 30% of the value of the leased asset)
Compensation for part of the costs associated with training and (or) advanced training of employees	75% of the cost of training, but not more than 90 thousand rubles, for each trained employee
Compensation of part of the costs associated with the payment of the first installment (advance) when concluding an equipment leasing agreement in order to create and (or) develop and (or) modernize the production of goods (works, services)	100% of the paid contribution (advance) of the equipment leasing agreement, but not more than 3 million rubles.

In different regions, the amount of subsidies may vary, but the scheme for issuing them is approximately the same:

1. Compliance check:
   • the term of the enterprise is no more than 2 years;
   • lack of debt;
   • the candidate himself is able to cover the costs of the project in the amount of 50% of the total amount.
2. Filing an application
3. Application Acceptance
4. Competitive selection
5. Receiving subsidies, providing reports on the targeted use of assistance to small businesses.

The new state program gives beginners the opportunity

entrepreneurs to open their own business.

How to get this help is described in detail in the video:

Small Business Assistance Program

In 2017, such state support programs for small businesses will be implemented:

• “Cooperation” - you can get up to 20 million rubles. on business development, namely: improving the quality of the manufactured goods or services provided;
• “Development” - the maximum amount of assistance to small businesses may be 15 million rubles, which must be spent on improving production and creating new jobs;
• “Start” - is carried out in 3 stages: 1 million rubles., 2 million rubles. and 3 million rubles. This small business assistance program focuses on creating new products and technologies.

The proposed list does not end there, as there are many other programs, as well as foundations that support entrepreneurs.

Helping Small Businesses not limited only to the state. There are many foreign, venture, investment funds that are ready to cooperate with young and promising entrepreneurs.

You just need to knock on all the doors, and not wait for someone to wish to sponsor your idea.

Of course, those who produce a socially significant product or have made an innovative breakthrough are more likely to succeed. But again, everything is in your hands, so do not be lazy and start acting.

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