What does formal business style mean? Formal business style of speech

Used to compose documents, letters and business papers in institutions, courts and in any type of oral business communication, this is an official business style of speech.

general characteristics

This is a long-established, stable and rather closed style. Of course, it too underwent some changes over time, but they were insignificant. Genres that have developed historically, specific syntactic turns, morphology and vocabulary give it a rather conservative character.

To characterize the official business style, the language must be given dryness, compactness of speech, conciseness and the removal of emotionally charged words. Linguistic means already exist in a complete set for every case: these are the so-called language stamps or cliches.

List of some documents that require official business style:

international treaties;
government acts;
legal laws;
various regulations;
military regulations and charters of enterprises;
instructions of all kinds;
official correspondence;
various business papers.

General characteristics of linguistic style

Genres can be varied, content can be different, but the official business style also has common essential features. First and foremost: the statement must be accurate. If the possibility of different interpretations is allowed, this is no longer an official business style. There are examples even in fairy tales: execution cannot be pardoned. The only thing missing is a comma, but the consequences of this error can go very far.

To avoid similar situations, there is a second main feature that the official business style of documents contains - this is the language standard. It is he who helps to choose lexical, morphological, syntactic language means when drawing up business documents.

The order of words in a sentence is particularly strict and conservatistic; here much goes against the direct word order inherent in the structure of the Russian language. The subject precedes the predicate (for example, the goods are sold), and definitions become stronger than the word being defined (for example, credit relations), the control word comes before the controlled word (for example, allocate a loan).

Each member of a sentence usually has a place unique to it, which is determined by the structure of the sentence and its type, its own role among other words, interaction and relationships with them. And the characteristic features of the official business style are long chains of genitive cases, for example: the address of the Head of the Territory Administration.

Vocabulary of style

The dictionary system includes, in addition to commonly used bookish neutral words, certain clichés - clericalisms, that is, linguistic cliches. This is part of the formal business style. For example: based on a decision, incoming documents, outgoing documents, upon expiration of a deadline, control over execution, and so on.

Here we cannot do without professional vocabulary, which includes neologisms: shadow business, arrears, black cash, alibi, and so on. The official business style also includes the inclusion of some archaisms in the lexical structure, for example: this document, I certify with it.

However, the use of polysemantic words and words that have a figurative meaning is strictly prohibited. There are very few synonyms and they are included in the official business style extremely rarely. For example, solvency and creditworthiness, supply and delivery, as well as collateral, depreciation and amortization, subsidy and appropriation.

This reflects social experience, not individual experience, so the vocabulary is generalized. The conceptual series prefers generic concepts that fit well into the official business style. Examples: arrive instead of arrive, arrive, fly in, and so on; a vehicle instead of a car, plane, train, bus or dog sled; settlement instead of a village, a city, the capital of Siberia, a village of chemists, and so on.

So, the following elements of lexical constructions belong to the official business style.

A high percentage of terminology in the texts: legal - law, owner and property, registration, transfer and acceptance of objects, privatization, deed, lease, and so on; economic - costs, subsidies, budget, purchase and sale, income, expenses, and so on; economic and legal - sequestration, implementation period, property rights, loan repayment, and so on.
The nominal nature of the construction of speech due to the large number of verbal nouns, most often denoting a material action: shipment of goods, deferment of payment, and so on.
High frequency of prepositional combinations and denominate prepositions: to the address, by force, in relation to the matter, by measure, and so on.
Changing participles into adjectives and pronouns to enhance clerical meanings: this contract (or rules), current prices, appropriate measures, and so on.
Regulated lexical compatibility: the transaction is only concluded, and the price is set, the right is granted, and the payment is made.

Morphology of style

Morphological features of the official business style include, first of all, the frequency (repeated) use of certain parts of speech, as well as their types, which help in the language’s desire for accuracy and ambiguity of statements. For example, these:

nouns that name people based on action (tenant, taxpayer, witness);
nouns that call people by position or rank, including women strictly in the masculine form (salesman Sidorova, librarian Petrova, sergeant Ivanova, inspector Krasutskaya, and so on);
particle non- in verbal nouns (non-compliance, non-recognition);
the use of derivative prepositions in a wide range (due to, in connection with, to the extent of, by virtue of, on the basis of, in relation to, and so on);
constructions in the infinitive (to provide assistance, to conduct an inspection);
present tense of verbs in a different meaning (a fine will be charged for non-payment);
complex words with two or more stems (employer, tenant, repair and maintenance, material and technical, below-mentioned, above-mentioned, and so on).

Style syntax

The characteristics of the official business style consist of the following syntactic features:

Simple sentences are used with many series of homogeneous members. For example: An administrative penalty may include fines for violations of labor protection and safety regulations in construction, industry, agriculture and in transport in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
There are passive structures of this type: payments are made strictly at the specified time.
Nouns prefer the genitive case and are strung with beads: the results of the activities of customs control units.
Complex sentences are filled with conditional clauses: in cases of subscribers’ disagreement with the processing of their personal data in terms of the methods and purposes of processing or in full, subscribers sign a corresponding statement when concluding a contract.

The sphere of official business style in genre diversity

Here, first, you need to highlight two areas of subject matter: official-documentary and everyday-business styles.

1. Official documentary style is divided into two categories: legislative documents related to work government agencies, - The Constitution, charters, laws are one language (J), and diplomatic acts related to international relations - memoranda, communiqués, statements, conventions - are another language (K).

2. Everyday business style is also subdivided: correspondence between organizations and institutions is the j language, and private business papers are the k language. The genres of everyday business style include all official correspondence - commercial correspondence, business letters, as well as business papers - autobiography, certificate, act, certificate, statement, protocol, receipt, power of attorney, and so on. Standardization, characteristic of these genres, facilitates the preparation of papers, saves language resources and prevents information redundancy.

Standardization of business papers

Specially selected words in an official business style provide communicative precision, giving documents legal force. Any piece of text must have a single interpretation and meaning. For such high accuracy, the same words, terms, names are repeated many times.

The form of the verbal noun complements the features of the official business style with an analytical expression of actions and processes: instead of the word “supplement” the phrase “make additions” is used, instead of “decide” - “make decisions” and so on. How much harsher it sounds to be “responsible” instead of just “responsible.”

Generalization and abstraction to the highest degree and at the same time the specific meaning of the entire lexical structure are the main features of the official business style. This inconceivable combination, used simultaneously, gives the document the possibility of a single interpretation and, in the totality of information, legal force. The texts themselves are full of terms and procedural vocabulary, and, for example, appendices to contracts contain nomenclature vocabulary. Questionnaires and registers, applications and specifications help terminology to be deciphered.

In addition to emotionally charged text, the use of any swear words, reduced vocabulary, jargon, or colloquial expressions in documents is unacceptable. Even professional jargon is inappropriate in the language of business correspondence. And most of all, because it does not meet the requirements of accuracy, since it is assigned strictly to the sphere of oral communication.

Oral business speech

The unemotional and dry logic of texts, the standard arrangement of material on paper differs significantly from oral speech, which is usually emotionally charged and asymmetrical according to the principles of textual organization. If oral speech is emphatically logical, the communication environment is clearly official.

The peculiarities of the official business style are that oral business communication, despite the professional topic, should proceed in the sphere of positive emotions - sympathy, trust, respect, goodwill.

This style can be considered in its varieties: clerical and business - simpler, but the language government controlled, diplomatic or legal requires special attention. The areas of communication in these cases are completely different, so the style of communication must also be different. Statements, protocols, orders, decrees - everything that is thought out, written down, read, is not as dangerous as oral negotiations, business meetings, public speaking, and so on. The word, like a sparrow, cannot be caught if it flies out.

The main features of the formal business style of speech are brevity, accuracy and influence. To achieve these goals, you will need an appropriate selection of words, correctly composed structures, correct syntax, and standardization in your mind of entire blocks of prepared speech. Just as in written business text, there is no place for emotionally charged vocabulary in oral speech. It is better to choose a neutral one, to be closer to stationery standards linguistic means in order to convey what is planned as accurately as possible.

Requisites

The most striking characteristic of the official business style is not even the text itself, but all the essential elements of its design - the details. Each type of document has its own information set, provided for by GOST. Each element is strictly assigned to a specific place on the form. The date, name, registration number, information about the compiler and all other details are always located the same way - some at the top of the sheet, others at the bottom.

The number of details depends on the content and type of document. The sample form shows the maximum details and the order in which they are located on the document. This is the State Emblem of the Russian Federation, emblems of an organization or enterprise, images of government awards, code of an organization, enterprise or institution ( all-Russian classifier enterprises and organizations - OKPO), document form code (all-Russian classifier of management documentation - OKUD) and so on.

Stencilization

Machine processing, computerized office work - new era in the process of standardization. Economic and socio-political life is becoming more complex, technological progress is gaining momentum, therefore the features of the official business style are to justify economically the choice of one language option from all possible and to consolidate it in practice.

Using a stable formula, an accepted abbreviation, and a uniform arrangement of all material, drawing up a document is much faster and easier. This is how all standard and template letters, tables, questionnaires, etc. are compiled, which allows information to be encoded, ensuring the informative capacity of the text, with the ability to expand its full structure. Such modules are implemented into the text of contracts (lease, work, purchase and sale, etc.)

From fifty to seventy percent of word usage in a document is procedural vocabulary and terminology. The subject of the document determines the unambiguity of the context. For example: The Parties undertake to comply with the above rules. The word “parties”, used outside the document, is very ambiguous, but here we can read a purely legal aspect - the persons who enter into the agreement.

Official business (business) style serves purely official human relationships: relationships between state power and the population; between countries; between enterprises, organizations, institutions; between the individual and society; between a person and various organizations.

The official business style of speech can be divided into two varieties - two substyles:

a) official document, that is, the language of diplomacy, laws: international treaty, note (diplomatic appeal from one government to another), communiqué (official message, mainly on international issues), memorandum (diplomatic document detailing the government’s views on some issue), law , charter, civil act, official message, etc.;

b) everyday business, that is, clerical (instructions, orders, official correspondence, business papers: application, characteristics, autobiography, power of attorney, receipt, certificate, report, protocol, memo, etc.).

The main, defining feature of such a text, the dominant of the official business style as a whole, is the extreme precision that does not allow for other interpretations. This determines such features of style as strict tonality and standard means of expression. In general, the official business style is characterized by stylistic uniformity and rigor, objectivity and partly impersonality of presentation. Emotionality, subjective assessment and conversation are contraindicated for him. Business texts are characterized by content completeness, accuracy, clarity, and cumbersome structures (due to the desire for accuracy). In this respect, business style approaches scientific style.

However, there is no identity between these styles. For business texts, these requirements, unlike scientific ones, are vital. Without them business text cannot become a document. Actually, a document then becomes a document when it is drawn up and certified in a certain, standard form. It is no coincidence that business communication so special forms, forms, etc. are widely used.

Language means	Examples
Language level: Vocabulary
Common literary words that have received special meanings (names of persons according to their function; documents and their parts; designation of actions of officials, official procedures).	Plaintiff, defendant, taxpayer, investor, tenant, contractor, order, order, instruction, telephone message, act, personal account, agenda, present, listened, approve, do not object, agreed.
Stationery (that is, words that are not used outside business style).	Proper, above, undersigned, named.
Low-frequency, often archaic (outdated) vocabulary used in diplomatic documents.	His Highness, His Excellency.
Complex abbreviated words, graphic abbreviations with strictly established rules for their abbreviation.	Technical supervision, Ministry of Energy, Rayfo, region.(region), head(manager), Corresponding member(corresponding member), etc.(and so on), cm.(Look).
Standard forms of document presentation (stamps).	Pay attention to; for security purposes; during the reporting period; The following shortcomings are noted; in a spirit of mutual understanding; contracting parties; listening and discussing; bring to justice; Based on the foregoing.
Language level: Morphology
The predominance of nouns (especially verbal ones, which often form phrases with incomplete verbs).	Execution, decision, instruction, acceptance, delivery; take part, express regret, have application, influence.
Frequency of “stringing” genitive cases of dependent nouns (and adjectives).	Importance strengthening the nonproliferation regime nuclear weapons ; sanitary maintenance common property of a residential building of the municipal housing stock.
Almost complete absence of personal pronouns of the 1st and 2nd persons and corresponding forms of the verb (the exception is statements, powers of attorney and other special documents, as well as orders where the form is used - I order).	I, Petrova Nina Vasilievna, I trust Petrova Anna Ivanovna... receive my scholarship...; I beg free me from classes...
The frequency of verbs in the indefinite form, as well as the predominance of present tense forms with the meaning of obligation and prescription.	Enroll, dismiss, appoint, approve initiative, recommended to be retained, should be considered.
Using masculine forms when naming women by profession.	Teacher T.P. Sosnovskaya, boss plot I.G. Khokhlova.
Replacing simple prepositions ( because of, by etc.) nominal.	In view of lack of food, due with the start of the heating season, according to order.
Mandatory use of capital letters in personal and possessive pronouns.	I beg Your his agreement, I appeal to To you with the request.
Language level: Syntax
The use of complex syntactic structures with a large number of isolated and clarifying phrases, homogeneous members, introductory and inserted constructions.	I, Svetlana Pavlovna Ivanova, 1st year student of the Faculty of Philology of Kuban state university, I trust Anna Ivanovna Petrova, living at the address: Krasnodar, st. Stavropolskaya, 3, apt. 5; passport: series 63 00, No. 354974, issued by the Komsomolsky Department of Internal Affairs of Krasnodar on May 3, 2002, receive my scholarship in the amount of 1200 (one thousand two hundred) rubles.
Widespread use of impersonal sentences with the meaning of prescription, order, necessity.	It is necessary to improve, entrust it to the headman, provide a certificate, consider it necessary, strengthen control.
Lack of replacement of a noun with a pronoun and, accordingly, repetition of nouns and phrases.	Turnout defendant hearing the case in absence is also mandatory defendant allowed only: 1) with express consent defendant; 2) if it is proven that defendant has evaded serving a summons to appear in court or is hiding from court.

In a row book styles The official business style is most clearly outlined. It serves legal and administrative activities when communicating in government institutions, in court, during business and diplomatic negotiations: business speech provides the sphere of official business relations and functions in the field of law and politics. The official business style is implemented in the texts of laws, decrees, orders, instructions, contracts, agreements, orders, acts, in business correspondence institutions, as well as in legal certificates, etc. Despite the fact that this style is subject to serious changes under the influence of socio-historical changes in society, it stands out among other functional varieties of language for its stability, traditionalism, isolation and standardization.

The authors of the textbook “Culture of Russian Speech” note: “Business style is a set of linguistic means, the function of which is to serve the sphere of official business relations, that is, relations arising between state bodies, between or within organizations, between organizations and individuals in the process of their production, economic, legal activity" And further: “The breadth of this sphere allows us to distinguish at least three substyles (varieties) of business style: 1) the actual official business style (clerical); 2) legal (the language of laws and decrees); 3) diplomatic" 1.

Standardization business speech(primarily the language of the mass standard documentation) is one of the most noticeable features of the official business style. The standardization process is developing mainly in two directions: a) the widespread use of ready-made, already established verbal formulas, stencils, stamps (for example, standard syntactic models with denominate prepositions in order, in connection with, in accordance with, etc., which is quite is natural, since it greatly simplifies and facilitates the process of compiling standard texts business papers), b) in the frequent repetition of the same words, forms, phrases, constructions, in the desire for uniformity in the ways of expressing thoughts in similar situations, in the refusal to use expressive means of language.

The process of standardization of business speech is closely related to the process of phraseologization. This can be seen in examples of the use of verbonominants (verb-nominal phrases) in numerous documentation, which in business language become a universal means and are often used instead of the actual verb forms parallel to them: provide assistance (instead of help), repair (instead of repair), carry out an investigation (instead of investigating), etc. Verbonominants widely penetrate business language due to the fact that in some cases their use becomes mandatory (there is no other way to say it): to allow a marriage, to commit a crime, to perform duties, to take a position, to assign responsibility . Their meaning may not coincide with the meaning of the verbs parallel to them: the combination conduct competition is not identical to the verb compete. Verbonominants not only name the action, but also express certain additional semantic shades and accurately qualify certain phenomena. For example, hit-and-run is a terminological phrase that is the official name for a certain type of road accident.

Other features of the official business style (besides standardization) are accuracy, imperativeness, objectivity and documentation, specificity, formality, and conciseness.

The linguistic means of the official business style form a relatively closed system, the basis of which is specific units of three levels: lexical, morphological and syntactic.

At the lexical level, in addition to commonly used and neutral words, we can distinguish: a) words and phrases used mainly in official documents and fixed in administrative and clerical speech (proper, due, above, undersigned, failure to fulfill, forward, bearer, guarantor, protect rights and freedom, ensure equality, etc.); b) terms, professionalisms and phrases of a terminological nature, which is determined by the content of official documents (the most common terms are legal, diplomatic, accounting: act, collection, legislation, respondent, recall (ambassador), ratify, applicant, etc.).

Many of the words with the coloring of an official business style form antonymic pairs: plaintiff - defendant, democracy - dictatorship, punished - acquitted, aggravating - mitigating (circumstances), etc.

In connection with the streamlining of the approach to terminology, two concepts began to be distinguished: “vocabulary with the coloring of an official business style” and “clericalism”. The first name reflects the place of the corresponding words in the system of general literary language, their functional and stylistic coloring. For example, the lexical units recipient (this) or due, non-subordinate, undersigned, compensation, appeal, collection, discovery, superior, etc. in business documents should be considered functionally colored. The second name, “clericalisms,” can refer to the same lexical units, but only when they are unintentionally used in a text with a different stylistic overtones, for example, in a journalistic or colloquial style, i.e. in cases of functionally unjustified transfer 2 . For example, in N. Kislik’s poem we read: “I am writing to you - everything is to you. I’ve loaded the communications service up to capacity...” The phrase “communication service” can be attributed to clericalism (though it performs a certain stylistic function in this literary text). In the lexical system of the official business style, it is not clericalisms that function, but words with the coloring of the official business style. A specific feature of the lexical system of the official business style is also the presence in it of archaisms and historicisms, which are often used in the nominative function (for example, in the texts of diplomatic documents - assurance of respect, this, such, that, His Majesty, His Excellency, sir, etc. ). This style completely lacks slang, colloquial words, dialectisms, and words with an emotionally expressive connotation. Complex abbreviations for elephants and abbreviated names are often used here. various organizations and institutions (ZhREO, ZhES, research institutes, Central Clinical Hospital, KTS, Labor Code, student council, trade union committee, workshop committee, etc.).

Notes:

1. Culture of Russian speech. M., 1998. P. 216.

2. The reason for the penetration of elements of the official business style, for example, into everyday speech can be explained by the widespread mass mastery of this style.

T.P. Pleschenko, N.V. Fedotova, R.G. Taps. Stylistics and culture of speech - Mn., 2001.

Plan:

1. general characteristics official business style……..pp. 3-4

2. Textual norms of business style……………………………pp. 4-5

3. Language norms: drafting text, document…….……pp.5-8

4. Dynamics of the norm of official business speech………….…p.8-9

5. List of references…………………………………………p.10

General characteristics of the official - business style of speech

The word official means “government, official official.” “The language of laws requires, first of all, accuracy and the impossibility of any false interpretations” (L. V. Shcherba). Therefore, in official documents, words with a figurative meaning, as well as emotionally charged and colloquial vocabulary, are not used.

The official style is characterized by precisely those specific words, stable phrases and phrases that are commonly called clericalism.

Among the bookish styles of the language, the official business style stands out for its relative stability and isolation. Over time, it naturally undergoes some changes caused by the nature of the content itself, but many of its features, historically established genres, specific vocabulary, phraseology, and syntactic turns give it a generally conservative character.

Characteristic feature official business style is the presence in it of numerous speech standards - clichés. If in other styles stereotyped phrases often act as a stylistic flaw, then in an official business style in most cases they are perceived as a completely natural part of it.

Official business style is the style of documents: international treaties, government acts, legal laws, regulations, charters, instructions, official correspondence, business papers. The official business style document is distinguished by its lack of emotional overtones and dryness.

The use of language stamps and stereotypes (clichés) in official documents is mandatory, but in colloquial speech or in works of art it is inappropriate. An official document should be concise and written in such a way that the necessary information can be found immediately. Therefore, in order to understand what the document is about and to whom it is addressed, it is given a certain form.

There are several substyles of official business style:

Diplomatic substyle is a substyle of diplomatic documents, such as a diplomatic note, government statement, credentials. It is distinguished by specific terms, most of which are international: status quo, persona non grata, ratification, preamble. Unlike other substyles of the official - business style, in the language of diplomatic documents there is a high, solemn vocabulary to give the document emphasized significance, and also the ones generally accepted in international public address are used label forms politeness:

Documentary substyle - the language of legislative documents related to the activities of official bodies, includes vocabulary and phraseology of state law, civil law, criminal law, labor code, code of laws on marriage and family. Adjacent to it is vocabulary and phraseology associated with the work of administrative bodies and the official activities of citizens.

The everyday business substyle is found in business correspondence between institutions and organizations and in private business papers, as well as in official correspondence ( business letter, commercial correspondence), official business papers (certificate, certificate, act, protocol), private business papers (application, power of attorney, receipt, autobiography, invoice, etc.). All of them are characterized by a certain standardization, which facilitates their compilation and use and is designed to save language resources and eliminate unjustified information redundancy.

Textual norms of business style

Despite the differences in content and variety of genres, the official business style is generally characterized by a number of common features.

These include:

1) conciseness, compact presentation, economical use of language;

2) standard arrangement of material, frequent mandatory form (identity card, various kinds of diplomas, birth and marriage certificates, monetary documents etc.), the use of clichés inherent in this style;

3) widespread use of terminology, nomenclature names (legal, diplomatic, military, administrative, etc.), the presence of a special stock of vocabulary and phraseology (official, clerical), inclusion of complex abbreviations and abbreviations in the text;

4) frequent use of verbal nouns, nominal prepositions (based on, in relation to, in accordance with, in fact, by virtue of, for the purposes of, at the expense of, along the line, etc.), complex conjunctions (due to the fact that, due to the fact that , due to the fact that, due to the fact that, etc.). As well as various stable phrases that serve to connect parts of a complex sentence (in case...; on the basis that...; for the reason that...; with the condition that...; thus , that...; the fact that...; the fact that... etc.);

5) the narrative nature of the presentation, the use of nominative sentences with listing;

6) direct word order in a sentence as the predominant principle of its construction;

7) tendency to use complex sentences, reflecting the logical subordination of some facts to others;

8) almost complete absence of emotionally expressive speech means;

9) weak individualization of style.

Main feature official paper - its standard form: all statements, powers of attorney, certificates and other business papers are written the same way. Since a significant part of the text of such papers is repeated in all documents of this type, for many of them there are forms on which the repeated text is already printed.

Language standards: drafting document text.

Many types of business documents have generally accepted forms of presentation and arrangement of material, and this undoubtedly makes them easier and simpler to use. It is no coincidence that in certain cases of business practice, ready-made forms are used that only need to be filled out.

It is customary to label envelopes in a certain order (different in different countries, but firmly established in each of them), and this has its advantage for both writers and postal workers. Therefore, all those speech clichés that simplify and speed up business communication, are quite appropriate in it.

In speech, there are ready-made turns of phrase that are familiar to native speakers, which are easily reproduced in any situation. Such phrases are called cliches, which exist in all styles of speech.

Unlike clichés, cliches are hackneyed expressions with a faded lexical meaning and erased expressiveness. A speech full of cliches cannot be called expressive; on the contrary, it is a stylistic flaw.

Clericalisms are words and expressions used in an official business style. But when they penetrate other styles, it leads to a violation of stylistic norms.

Clerical notes: in pursuance of the decision, in order to avoid accidents, I attach to the application, present a certificate, place of residence, according to the order, state, cancel, make proposal(s), give preference, upon expiration of the contract, upon graduation, etc.

The form of each type of document is also stable, generally accepted, and standard. A stamp in an official style is justified and appropriate: it contributes to the accurate and concise presentation of business information and facilitates business correspondence.

As an official document, an autobiography has the following structure:

a) name of the document,

b) the text of the biography (it indicates, if possible, the exact dates of the events);

d) date of writing (under the text on the left). In the text of the biography, the writer indicates his last name, first name, patronymic; date, month, year and place of birth, family social affiliation; reports on education, labor and social activities.

Models of syntactic structures used in business correspondence:

We inform (you that) that...; We inform (you that) that...; we inform (you) of (that)…; We notify (you that) that... Joint-Stock Company(company) turns (to you) with a request (that) ... or ... with a request (to you) about ...; the district administration expresses a wish (desire, hope for) ... or ... really hopes for ...; according to instructions...; thanks to instructions; in connection with the refusal... (decision, instructions, implementation, delay, difficulties, intended improvements, possible clarifications)...; in accordance with the agreement (plan, direction, implementation, improvement, success, clarification, implementation)…

Information required for a resume:

1. Last name, first name, patronymic.

2. Address, telephone.

3. Date of birth.

4. Marital status.

5. Education (name educational institution, diploma qualification).

6. Work experience.

7. Additional Information(computer skills, knowledge foreign languages etc.).

Example of an autobiography:

From 1967 to 1977 she studied at secondary school № 285.

In 1977 she entered the history department of the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute.

In September 1983, she worked as a teacher at secondary school No. 75 in Moscow.

From 1989 to the present I have been working as the director of the above-mentioned school.

Married. I have a daughter.

Husband – Vasiliev Pavel Igorevich, born on August 17, 1959. Currently works as a teacher at the Academy of Postgraduate Education.

Daughter – Vasilyeva Natalya Pavlovna, student.

I live at: 129311, Moscow, st. Academician Korolev, 30, apt. 74.

Official business (business) style serves purely official human relationships: relations between state authorities and the population; between countries; between enterprises, organizations, institutions; between the individual and society; between a person and various organizations.