Today we'll talk about who raises chickens. In private households, this is usually done by the farmer, since there are few birds. In poultry farms, the situation is different. Several hundred hens live here and young animals constantly appear. We need to feed them all, monitor their performance and health. Therefore, many specialists are assigned to the birds, divided into teams. Some are engaged in raising young animals, others make feed and monitor the condition of the poultry house, and still others treat chickens.
Poultry farmer
What it does: a list of tasks
There are no random people at the poultry farm, because the work is responsible and requires certain knowledge. The poultry breeder profession includes a wide range of tasks:
- production of feed taking into account technological standards;
- feeding birds;
- control over the condition of drinkers;
- organization of regular cleaning of premises with chickens;
- control of climatic conditions in the hen house: humidity, temperature, natural air circulation.
Discharges
Only specialists with diplomas of agricultural technical schools are allowed to work. Depending on the work experience, each poultry breeder is assigned a category. Tasks among specialists are distributed in accordance with the category.
The functionality of specialists of the second and third categories includes grazing chickens, monitoring the state of household equipment, resettling diseased birds and collecting the dead.
The fourth-grade workers are engaged in increasing the productivity of the herd. Their tasks also include sorting chickens and monitoring the purity of the cages.
Specialists of the fifth category are engaged in selection and breeding work, monitor the offspring and monitor compliance with the conditions for growing chickens.
Skills and knowledge
It is important for a poultry farmer to understand the nuances of keeping birds. He should know the basic aspects of caring for birds, sanitary and veterinary standards.
It is important to be able to choose the right means for disinfecting the chicken coop, to understand how to sort and pack the eggs correctly.
In addition to theoretical skills, the profession of a poultry breeder requires responsibility and hard work from a specialist. Failure to oversee or care for chickens can negatively impact performance and kill birds.
The breeder should enjoy caring for and constant contact with hens. After all, he interacts with birds almost all day.
Poultry operator
Main tasks
Poultry farms have operators whose task is to control the incubation progress. Experts monitor the state of the eggs and the incubator, record possible violations and troubleshoot.
The main task is to prevent the death of embryos in the eggs and get them out of the device in time. Operators evaluate the development of the embryo and compare it with established indicators.
The profession of a poultry farm operator requires complete knowledge of the incubator design. The specialist needs to understand the principle of work, be able to select the optimal mode and establish the cause of problems with the development of the embryo.
Other nuances
The operator must comply with sanitary standards and know the safety precautions during incubation.
It is important for the poultry operator to have excellent eyesight and be observant. Mindfulness will come in handy in determining the reasons for the decline in successful egg incubation.
Representatives of this profession can work with adult chickens. In this case, they need to achieve maximum egg production with minimum maintenance costs.
Animal feed engineer
The task of the zoo engineer is to organize comfortable conditions for keeping chickens, feed them correctly and engage in breeding.
The specialist needs to know the characteristics by which the selection of poultry is carried out. Veterinarians and livestock specialists are also involved in this task.
The specialist supervises feed production operators, milking machine operators, livestock specialists.
The range of tasks is extensive, so an assistant - a graduate of a technical school - often works in tandem with a zoo engineer. He helps to procure feed and control the feeding of chickens, and maintains zootechnical records.
Zootechnician
A zootechnician must have a biology education, since he constantly interacts with chickens, deals with the issues of their life. Also, a representative of this profession needs to understand the economics of production and the means of mechanization.
The zootechnician is engaged in the planning of breeding work to increase the number of replacement young animals and the quality indicators of the herd.
The specialist needs to understand chicken embryology. Understand what affects the quality of eggs and the development of the embryo. Know the structure of incubators. The zootechnician is also engaged in sorting the hatched chickens.
Another task of this specialist is to organize the movement of chickens from one room to another. He maintains a technological map and plans the exact timing of the life of chickens.
The card indicates when it is necessary to lay eggs in the incubator and take out, what is the period of rearing young stock, when the hen starts egg work. A slaughter date for adult birds is also planned.
Veterinarian
This specialist is engaged not only in treating chickens for all kinds of diseases. The range of his tasks is more extensive.
He conducts epidemic prevention at the poultry farm. Does not allow the negative impact of chicken diseases on people. Monitors the sanitary condition of the products. Another challenge is solving veterinary problems while protecting the environment.
The specialist must have a higher specialized education, be attentive and take care of the wards. For successful work, a veterinarian needs to know the structure of the skeleton, the vital activity of healthy and sick chickens, and understand how medicines affect the body of birds.
A specialist needs to be able to prevent the development of diseases in time. Know when treatment becomes useless and chickens should be sent for slaughter or disposal. Also, the veterinarian studies the degree of influence of external factors on the health of the chicken.
Dear readers, have you learned new information about the work of poultry farms? Please like and repost.
In the comments, please tell us if you had to look after chickens, and what kind of work you did.
There are many professions in the world, and everyone chooses the right one for himself. But you want something interesting. Not only a profitable occupation, but so that the soul rejoices. The professions of people who grow vegetables are considered to be the most suitable for spiritual satisfaction. Essentially an activity for fun, but many are so addicted that they end up in the Book of Records with, for example, giant cabbage or square watermelons.
And then the question arises about what professions grow vegetables. This is what the article will be devoted to.
Craft of the ancients
In the ancient world, farming was vital. Time passes, but this activity has remained in the first place. The difference between the past and the present is that earlier it was agriculture, but now this occupation belongs to the science of agronomy. For many millennia, the inhabitants of our planet have learned and taught the smaller ones to cultivate land, plant, grow and care for any crop that as a result bears edible fruits. Who grows vegetables (the profession of an agronomist), it is impossible to imagine the development of agriculture without them. In addition, these specialists are interested in the selection of useful and high quality varieties (for example, apple trees, potatoes, wheat).
In ancient times, farming was the main thing in people's lives. After all, if the farmer did not know how to plow, plant and harvest, then he was doomed to a short life. The work connected with the land fed and gave strength to our ancestors. Eating natural food, they were strong and strong.
Who is an agronomist
There is a special category of people who understand agriculture, agrochemistry, and other sciences, as well as those who grow vegetables. The profession of these people is an agronomist. The agronomist carries out full control on the territory of the farm. The functions of this person are as follows:
- Land preparation. Sowing crops.
- Application of special fertilizers.
- Control of preparation and preservation of seeds.
- Pest control.
- Control of crop growth.
- Harvesting the finished crop.
As a rule, an agronomist works in the field, but in addition to this, his responsibilities include drawing up a work plan, maintaining documentation and managing subordinates. A professional in his field will easily do all the necessary work, which will be rewarded with a good harvest.
How to become an agronomist
What professions do people grow vegetables to achieve good results? This is an agronomist, and in order to become one and get a high qualification, you need to study in special institutions: technical schools, institutes. Such a person must have either a higher profile or secondary specialized education. When entering an educational institution, you should know that most of the time you will have to spend in clean air, so it is advisable to have such qualities as:
The person who holds such a position is considered the most responsible in agriculture. It is on his shoulders that the difficult drawing up of a work plan and daily monitoring of the activities of subordinates falls.
Another vocation
What professions grow vegetables? They are called differently. A farmer is a specialist in crop production. This occupation is pure pleasure.
Who grows vegetables? The profession is called an agronomist, and the type of activity is farming. They are very similar. But only farming can be done with or without higher education. When studying in special institutions, in addition to plant growing and growing vegetables, it becomes possible to study poultry, dendrology, veterinary medicine, etc. Specialists with such education are very much appreciated.
Farming is laid within
The villagers are those who grow vegetables. Their profession of a farmer seems to be laid from within. A true farmer has 3 basic qualities:
- Endurance.
- Physical training.
- High level of performance.
This profession is quite difficult and time consuming. The downside is that farming is often not a very profitable business, since the investment can pay off for a long time. A farmer is a profession of people who grow vegetables, raise animals, look after plants, etc. They know better than others that there may not be success.
Profits depend on the weather. Sudden changes in temperature and heavy rainfall can affect the development of a crop, both good and bad. As for the business, it is desirable to have initial capital. Seeds for planting are a must, you have to pay for them from personal funds. In addition, hired workers may be needed, whose work should also be encouraged in monetary terms.
Grow potatoes
To grow a vegetable, you need to know the features of the selected specimen. For excellent results, use high quality seed varieties. Who grows vegetables? Even schoolchildren know the name of the profession - this is a farmer.
A very tasty and healthy vegetable - everyone's favorite potato. And in order not to harm it when planting potatoes, you should know some features:
- The soil should not be colder than 8⁰.
- Water occasionally, but do not flood (potatoes can be damaged by bacteria if transfused).
Method of planting a vegetable and feeding it
There are several landing options:
Both gardeners and farmers know how to grow vegetables correctly. It is necessary to make a calculation. Having a certain area, you need to calculate how many potato seeds you need. Small diameter potatoes are ideal planting material. It is undesirable to plant very deeply. With a deep planting, there is a possibility of contamination of potatoes with various bacteria. A suitable depth is about 12 cm.
Top dressing is a mandatory process that directly affects the quality and quantity of the crop. The professions of people who grow vegetables are very important. These people speak with one voice that potatoes need fertilization. To get large and tasty potatoes, you can use for feeding:
- Manure.
- Eggshell (when sprouts appear).
- Ash.
- Wood ash.
Do not forget to spud the potatoes once a month, giving air to the tubers. In this simple way, you can feed yourself and your loved ones annually. Potatoes are a healthy and tasty vegetable. It is enough to follow the rules of planting and feeding in order to enjoy the harvest all winter.
While everyone was sleeping
The profession is called "flax growers". But the most important thing for those who grow flax is their profession. Those who grow flax and watermelon should know all about the benefits of these plants. What professions grow vegetables? They are called differently. Perennial flax can have blue and white flowers. The profession obliges everyone who grows flax to know that this plant is very fond of the sun.
Probably everyone knows what flax looks like - a perennial plant with blue flowers. All experts know that there are such varieties of flax: yellow-fiber, yellow, perennial, Tauride, thin-leaved flax. Yellow-fiber flax is similar to Austrian flax. Tauric flax has yellow flowers and is distributed in southeastern Europe. Flax has not only beneficial but also medicinal properties.
Who grows flax?
Flaxseed contains three types of fatty acids. In folk medicine, it is an antitussive and expectorant agent. Many agricultural professions are directly related to plant names. It is these people who know some secrets and possess certain technologies, since this profession is quite ancient.
Flax is a natural raw material. A durable, hypoallergenic and high-quality material is obtained from it. For flax, it is imperative to drain the soil, and this perennial is transplanted every three to five years. The soil should be fertilized and alkaline. Also, all experts know that a plant like flax is very fond of wet soil, but if you grow an annual, then drought is not terrible.
How does flax multiply?
Flax can be attacked by fungi, which leads to wilting and rot. You can deal with these problems with the help of special drugs. Nodules can appear from nematodes, so it is necessary to plant marigolds with flax. Fiber flax is the most important crop. When a plan of measures for the cultivation of flax is drawn up, the characteristics of the crop itself, processing, soil and plant protection measures are taken into account.
Benefits of flax seeds
And it doesn't matter if it's fiber or seeds. Flax has attracted people for a long time. This plant could easily be pulled out, but it bent in the wind to the ground, and then straightened again. And then it turned out that the bark of his bark is the same as that of a linden. Flax is a very sturdy plant that people used even earlier than wheat. There are many professions in the world, and everyone chooses the right one for himself.
The professions of people who grow vegetables are considered to be the most suitable for spiritual satisfaction. There is a special category of people who understand agriculture, agrochemistry, and other sciences, as well as those who grow vegetables. The profession of these people is an agronomist. The villagers are those who grow vegetables. Their profession of a farmer seems to be laid from within.
This profession is quite difficult and time consuming. For excellent results, use high quality seed varieties. Who grows vegetables? Even schoolchildren know the name of the profession - this is a farmer. Both gardeners and farmers know how to grow vegetables correctly.
The professions of people who grow vegetables are very important. These people speak with one voice that potatoes need fertilization. Flax is a valuable food product from which the healing linseed oil is made. The profession of people who grow flax is called a flax grower.
Yesterday on TV they showed a farmer - FLAX - this is the name of the profession of a man growing flax. He and his wife grow flax and are looking for young machine operators for work. He must know not only the varieties of flax, but also how to properly collect it, care for it, plant it, how to protect the plant from pests and diseases.
When growing flax, the professions of a tractor driver, a machine operator, an agronomist, a raw material sorter, a technologist, and a technician are additionally involved. Flax growers are prepared in special departments of agricultural institutes and universities. A flax grower should know what soils are suitable for growing flax, be able to protect the crop from various pests and achieve a high yield.
People who work in the fields where flax grows are called "flax growers". Flax is a plant that is very valuable in our time, as it contains a huge amount of vitamins and minerals that are very useful for humans. This is one of the most ancient professions, and nowadays the flax grower has in its stock a large number of secrets of proper cultivation and care of this plant.
Now specialized enterprises are engaged in flax processing. An agronomist is an agricultural specialist with comprehensive knowledge of growing and harvesting plants. The agronomist is subordinate to machine operators and field growers. Labor productivity in the economy, and hence profitability, depends on this. They developed new methods of growing cereals and vegetables, potatoes, flax and hemp and applied them in practice.
This allows in the future to choose the best varieties and methods of work. In recent years, agricultural producers in the Altai Territory have shown an increasing interest in the cultivation of fiber flax. Fiber flax is one of the few industrial crops that can grow and provide high-quality raw materials for the production of products in the harsh Siberian climate.
Let's hope that flax will reciprocate with those who grow it. And then the question arises about what professions grow vegetables. This is what the article will be devoted to. Flax growers are called flax growers. The location should be sunny, but the soil can be any, without stagnant water. Flax growers all know about this beautiful plant. Their profession is unusual and requires special training.
Who grows flax: profession, features, technologies
Probably everyone knows what flax looks like - a perennial plant with blue flowers. If we talk about decorative varieties, then they have large flowers. Petals can fall off quickly, but new ones bloom in their place. All flowers that have bloomed within one day begin to wither and fall off. In full bloom, the group of these plants is very beautiful. It can only be compared to blue skies. This beautiful plant is unpretentious and cold-resistant. He is not afraid of frost. The location should be sunny, but the soil can be any, without stagnant water. Flax growers all know about this beautiful plant. Their profession is unusual and requires special training.
What are the varieties?
All experts know that there are such varieties of flax: yellow-fiber, yellow, perennial, Tauride, thin-leaved flax. Yellow-fiber flax is similar to Austrian flax. Only its petals have a light blue color; dark veins are clearly visible on them. Yellow linen prefers open spaces and warm areas. Reproduction takes place with the help of seeds, but the plant does not tolerate transplanting well. Perennial flax can have blue and white flowers. Blooms in June-July. On slopes it can be branched. Tauric flax has yellow flowers and is distributed in southeastern Europe. Thin-leaved flax has woody stems, white and lilac flowers. Flowering begins in June and lasts until the end of July.
This is exactly what those who grow flax in Russia should know. Places should be open and sunny, plants will grow best on light and fertile soils.
Benefits of flax seeds
Those who grow flax and watermelon should know all about the benefits of these plants. Flax has not only beneficial but also medicinal properties. Flax seeds are widely used in folk medicine. They are considered a panacea for a huge number of diseases, and in cooking they are used as a dietary substance. Flaxseed contains three types of fatty acids. This is three times more than in fish oil.
In folk medicine, it is an antitussive and expectorant agent. It is also an excellent laxative. It is also actively used as a rejuvenating agent, because it contains vitamins E and A. With the help of flaxseed oil, hair, nails and skin are treated. The seeds should be crushed and washed down with plenty of water. You can also add flax seeds to cereals, salads and dairy products.
Who grows flax?
Many agricultural professions are directly related to plant names. Who grows flax? What is the name of the profession? They are called flax growers. It is these people who know some secrets and possess certain technologies, since this profession is quite ancient. All technologies were passed from one generation to the next - all in order to achieve significant yields.
Flax is a natural raw material. A durable, hypoallergenic and high-quality material is obtained from it. Those who grow flax did not get the name of their profession for nothing. After all, they really enjoy respect and honor.
How are specialists trained?
Flax growers are trained in special departments in agricultural institutes. But the most important thing for those who grow flax is their profession. After all, you need to love her in order to absorb the experience of the masters.
Flax care
For flax, it is imperative to drain the soil, and this perennial is transplanted every three to five years. The soil should be fertilized and alkaline. The profession obliges everyone who grows flax to know that this plant is very fond of the sun. The temperature can be both high and low. Also, all experts know that a plant like flax is very fond of wet soil, but if you grow an annual, then drought is not terrible. After flowering has ended, all inflorescences that have wilted must be cut off.
How does flax multiply?
Everyone who grows flax is obliged by the profession to know that perennials must be sown directly into the soil in spring or autumn. Later, seedlings should be thinned. Perennials are sown in containers. After that, young plants are transplanted into pots and at the end of summer they are propagated by cuttings or bushes, which are separated. In the first year of life, plants need to be covered or placed in a protected area.
Flax can be attacked by fungi, which leads to wilting and rot. You can deal with these problems with the help of special drugs. Nodules can appear from nematodes, so it is necessary to plant marigolds with flax.
What is considered when growing flax?
Fiber flax is the most important crop. It is appreciated not only for flax fiber, but also for the oil obtained from seeds. After all, it is a highly valuable food product.
When a plan of measures for the cultivation of flax is drawn up, the characteristics of the crop itself, processing, soil and plant protection measures are taken into account. All this has a great impact on the yield and the quality of the product, which will be considered the final product. It doesn't matter if it's fiber or seeds. In the event that the products are to be used for food or medical purposes, the technology must be safe. And this applies to absolutely all, without exception, stages of cultivation.
Flax has attracted people for a long time. This plant could be easily pulled out, but it was bent in the wind to the ground, and then straightened again. And then it turned out that the bark of his bark is the same as that of a linden. Flax is a very sturdy plant that people used even earlier than wheat.
Who Raises Geese? What professions raise geese?
The industry itself for raising poultry, including geese, is called poultry, and it belongs to agriculture. This I mean that this industry is not independent, but is included in the list of agricultural and is subject to, for example, the Department of Agriculture.
People employed in poultry farming are poultry farmers by profession. Female poultry farmers are sometimes called poultry girls.
Veterinarians treat geese and other birds. Biologists and ornithologists study their habits.
You can engage in poultry farming at a professional level - then a person graduates from a secondary or higher educational institution and have diplomas. But more often people without special education work in poultry farms.
By the way, poultry farming would be a very profitable investment of money if it were not for the periodic shaking up of the bird flu, when all the livestock in contact with a sick bird is destroyed.
And at home it is worth becoming a poultry farmer, which will be a very good help for the family budget.
Interesting facts about the profession of people who raise cows
Boys of all times and peoples love to watch westerns. 
In them brave cowboys fight Indians and shoot accurately from pistols. However, Colt shooting is just a side and extremely rare occupation of the prairie dwellers. First of all, judging by the literal translation, a cowboy raises cows, it is difficult to say whether this is a profession or a vocation. However, the profession of a cowboy can be translated more euphoniously, and more precisely: a cattle driver, a shepherd, a cattle breeder.
Driving cattle could take a whole year, so cowboys were forced to acquire the simplest skills of the professions that usually served a cow's life: a calf, a veterinarian, a cattleman, a milkmaid, and even a breeder and animal technician.
Modern livestock breeders
In modern livestock farms, which provide large cities with an uninterrupted supply of meat and dairy products, the cow shepherd has merged into a professional collective of livestock breeders, each with one or more specialties. As a rule, these are urban people with higher education. A new one was added to the traditional professions - the operator of livestock complexes and mechanized farms.
Those who are engaged in raising cows in the old-fashioned way (villagers) are usually referred to as cattle breeders and farmers. These may themselves be generalists or employ the same veterinarians, milkmaids, calf breeders and breeders.
The cattleman's work is hard. Even if you have only one cow, forget about weekends, vacations and theater trips. The cow is able to attach to you and bind you to itself, with the invisible chains of production necessity and care for a living, joyful being.
Have you ever experienced unbearable joint pain? And you know firsthand what it is:
- inability to move easily and comfortably;
- discomfort when going up and down stairs;
- unpleasant crunch, clicking not of their own free will;
- pain during or after exercise;
- joint inflammation and swelling;
- unreasonable and sometimes unbearable aching pain in the joints.
Now answer the question: does this suit you? How can you endure such pain? And how much money have you already "poured" on ineffective treatment? That's right - it's time to end it! Do you agree? That is why we decided to publish an exclusive interview with Professor Dikul, in which he revealed the secrets of getting rid of joint pain, arthritis and arthrosis.
Agriculture is a separate branch of the economy, aimed primarily at providing people with food. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this industry. There are many in-demand professions related to agriculture. And, of course, they all require certain knowledge and skills.
What are the professions of agriculture: a list
The most demanded specialties in this area are:
- agronomist;
- machine operator;
- milking machine operator;
- livestock breeder;
- poultry house;
- veterinarian.
There is another answer to the question of which professions belong to agriculture - a beekeeper and a fur breeder. They are not as common as, for example, a milking machine operator or a livestock breeder, but they are also quite in demand.
Features of the profession of an agronomist
Agricultural technologies are constantly being improved and changed. The responsibilities of an agronomist primarily include the correct organization of production processes, growing crops, harvesting and transporting crops in these conditions. Also, people of this specialty are engaged in the preparation of various kinds of reporting and scientific documentation. Veterinarians usually have higher education. To date, the profession of an agronomist is on the list of the most demanded in Russia.
Machine operator
This is one of the main specialties of such a sphere of economics as agriculture. The professions of a combine operator and a tractor driver have always been among the main ones in the countryside. A mechanic is a specialist who is able to operate all types of agricultural machinery. In addition, the duties of these workers include knowledge of the design features of the machines, as well as the implementation of their scheduled maintenance and repair.
The profession of a machine operator is considered one of the most difficult in the countryside. People of this specialty often work in extremely unfavorable conditions - in heat, rain and cold. In addition, they usually have to work overtime during the planting and harvesting periods. Fortunately, in recent years, increased demands have been made on the design of tractors and combines in terms of convenience specifically for machine operators. The cabins of the new models are insulated, equipped with air conditioners and heaters. But all the same, the work of a machine operator will always remain difficult, and therefore honorable.
Milking machine operator
There are many answers to the question of which professions in agriculture are the most common. But the most famous is the milking machine operator. In Soviet times, many films were shot about people of this specialty, and a huge number of poems and songs were written. The profession of a milkmaid was then unusually honorable. Women of this specialty appeared on blue screens in the form of healthy, cheerful ruddy girls in headscarves. However, of course, the profession of a milking machine operator is actually very complex, and there is not much romance in it.
The milkmaids have to get up before dawn - at five in the morning. Their duties include wiping the udder of the cow, feeding it. But the main occupation of the representatives of this profession is, of course, the milking of animals. This operation is performed three times a day. Like a machine operator, the profession of a milkmaid is very important in agriculture.
Livestock breeder
It is also a very common profession in the countryside. Agricultural specialties can be livestock or crop production. The main activity of a zootechnician is, as can already be judged by the name, breeding and raising all kinds of farm animals. Workers in this specialty must provide them with the most comfortable conditions for keeping and breeding. In addition, the duties of the breeder include monitoring the health of the "wards" and maintaining the purity of the breed. Also, people of this specialty make sure that all the necessary components are present in the diet of cows, pigs, sheep, horses and goats: vitamins, minerals, proteins, etc.
Among other things, livestock breeders clean and disinfect barns and pigsties, take part in preventive measures to prevent the spread of epidemics. They also follow the procedure for grazing animals in the summer, as well as the process of preparing food for them for the winter.
Poultry house
The duties of the representatives of this profession are practically the same as those of the livestock breeder. The only difference is that the poultry house takes care of representatives of birds: chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys, etc. This is also one of the most common specialties in such a sphere of the country's economy as agriculture. Poultry care professions are very difficult and responsible.
Veterinarian
Man began to raise and breed animals thousands of years ago. The veterinarian profession has existed for about the same time. In ancient times, people of this specialty accompanied caravans and armies, monitoring the health of horses and camels, and in the Middle Ages, professional veterinary schools were opened. In our country, this specialty appeared on the initiative of Peter the Great. It was this emperor who once brought highly qualified veterinarians from Europe to Russia.
Today, as in the past, the main task of the agricultural worker in this profession is the treatment of animals. Also his responsibilities include the implementation of preventive measures. Veterinarians give birth to animals, vaccinate, sterilize or inseminate. Representatives of this profession also exercise control over the use of various kinds of chemicals when growing crops intended for animal feeding.
Currently, there is a veterinary center in almost every settlement. There are similar clinics even in cities. True, they are engaged in the treatment of not agricultural, but ordinary domestic animals - cats and dogs.
Beekeeper
There are different agricultural professions. At modern enterprises in this industry, they not only breed animals and grow plants. Beekeeping also refers precisely to this sphere of the national economy. The specialty of a beekeeper is quite rare in our country. However, this does not mean that it is uninteresting or unclaimed. This is an exciting profession, but like any other agricultural one, it is quite difficult and very responsible.
The duties of the beekeeper include the formation of new families of bees, ensuring their wintering and collecting honey. Also, people of this profession fight against diseases of the insects entrusted to them, repair hives and equipment. Despite the relative rarity, the profession of a beekeeper will always exist, because many people love honey. In addition, this product is very useful.
Pet breeder
Breeding rabbits, nutria, Arctic foxes is also one of the specializations of such an industry as agriculture. The professions associated with caring for such animals are also quite in demand. Animal breeders are responsible for keeping and breeding rabbits and nutria. Their responsibilities include monitoring the preservation of the livestock, the purity of the breed, procedures such as feeding, disease prevention and care.
Agroecologist
This profession has appeared in agriculture not so long ago. However, today it is practically impossible to imagine crop and livestock production without it. First of all, the agroecologist monitors the use of fertilizers and all sorts of chemicals in the fields when growing agricultural plants. The task of this specialist is mainly to develop recommendations to minimize harm from them. Also, agroecologists in agricultural enterprises are engaged in the restoration of depleted and eroded soils.
Where can I get an agricultural specialty
Today in our country there are many educational institutions of different levels, whose tasks include training workers in such an industry as agriculture. Professions of this orientation can be obtained in many cities of our country. Agronomists and veterinarians usually graduate from universities and technical schools. Machine operators are trained in technical schools and colleges. The same goes for milkmaids and poultry women.
The most famous higher educational institutions in which you can get the profession of agricultural workers, in our country are agricultural universities:
- Orenburg.
- Kuban.
- St. Petersburg.
- Altaic.
- Voronezh, etc.
Also, highly qualified specialists are trained by the N. Timiryazev. Of course, the success of the development of such an industry as agriculture directly depends on the quality of training for young specialists. Professions (examples were given above) of this group require a person to have quick wits, dexterity, quick thinking, and often physical endurance. In any case, the process of training future veterinarians, agronomists, milkmaids and machine operators should be approached with full responsibility.
When I decided to start chickens, I focused on egg breeds, so as not to kill chickens, not to spend money on fights-fun, and still have fresh eggs. E. Osipova
Of the egg breeds, traditionally the best - leghorns and hybrids of this breed, originally developed in Italy (in Livorno), and now the most common in almost the entire world. These chickens are small, up to 2 kg, and eggs from them can be obtained from 220-250 per year. Not a record, of course, but a lot.
I was afraid to take chickens - there is no experience, young birds are fragile, tender, leaving them is a whole art. True, they cost only 50 rubles each, but nevertheless, putting living souls at risk is somehow not for me. Stopped at 6 month old hens. The price of each is 200 rubles, by the way, some exotic beauties-bantams would cost 1,500 per head! Leghorns begin to lay eggs as early as 4 months.
Number of layers, which I was going to purchase, I calculated in advance. It depends on the area occupied by the roofed house and the open-air pen. Of course, it would be possible not to let the chickens out at all, it is easier and more economical to keep them. However, Leghorns are temperamental and mobile, not like the almost 5-kg meat cochinchins are real phlegmatic. In addition, eggs from chickens with a walk are much more useful than from birds that are constantly indoors.
I proceeded from the size of the chicken coopbuilt last fall by my forward-thinking husband. The area of \u200b\u200bour wooden shed, similar to a household block, is 2 × 1.5 m. 6 chickens will fit here - at the rate of 0.5 m2 per bird.
The selection principles are as follows. Birds should be active, with bright red combs and earrings and yellow legs (pale - a sign of old age). Feathers - clean, shiny, tight to the body, not thin, but not greasy, otherwise the chicken will not run well.
A neighbor in the country helped to choose chickens from a poultry seller, who has been keeping them for a long time and has achieved considerable success. By the way, we used his advice.
I saved on the purchase of a rooster. Fertilized eggs are live, which means they are not vegetarian food.
The Chicken Master's Commandments
Do not overfeed!
Do not enter the chickens from 9.00 to 15.00.
Always praises them
In addition to the usual door to the chicken dormitory, the husband also built a small one (30 × 40 cm) - only for layers. Of course, there is a feeder in the aviary.
Under the drinker we have a deep bowl fitted. We are going to regale the birds not only with compound feed, but also with useful and tasty additives: grass, the remains of broth with bread, millet, grain, fish, dairy products and boiled potatoes.
There is also a separate wooden trough for mineral feeding - shell rock, shell or special feed chalk. In short, everything is according to the advice of experts.
We hope to receive 4-5 environmentally friendly eggs, 55-60 g each day.
After all, in the summer, chickens rush noticeably better. A neighbor in general from one laying hen somehow got 255 pieces per year!
In addition, I will have my own valuable fertilizer - chicken manure. Truly waste-free creatures!
reference
Wild ancestors of chickens gave only 10-30 eggs per year, modern ones - more than 300.
The record was set in 1930: the feathered champion demolished 361 pieces in 364 days.
Japanese doctors from the University of Kyoto have found that chicken egg protein is a drug that blocks the growth of human cancer cells.
Noticedthat chickens like blue food (you can buy this).
The feeder should be red, but not yellow. Green and orange colors soothe them, while blue is perceived by birds as pitch darkness.
Diet eggs are those that are no more than 7 days old.
Expert opinion
Vladimir Malik, one of the authors of the collection "1000 tips for amateur livestock breeders"
If the summer resident wants to get the maximum number of eggs from the chickens, he must choose the most productive layers and feed them with high-quality food. These birds eat a little more. For the formation of 12 pieces, 1.6-1.7 kg of complete balanced feed is spent.
Today the French breed of chickens is very popular in the world. depicted, from which you can get 300-320 eggs per year.
Egg chickens are usually kept for a maximum of 2 seasons. Longer is unprofitable. They rush less and less. Modern summer residents, leaving home, slaughter their birds in the fall, since there is nowhere to put them.
A bit of arithmetic
Balanced compound feed for laying hens are prepared according to a special program developed by scientists. The ingredients are mixed automatically and under operator control.
Knowing the composition of the recipe, you can prepare the food yourself. For young laying hens (not chickens!) The diet includes: wheat, barley, wheat bran, fish meal, phosphate, feed chalk, reverse, sunflower and soybean cake, table salt.
Whether it is necessary to mess around, making up a nutrient mixture, everyone decides for himself.
Complete feed (PC-1) costs 490 rubles. per bag (40 kg). It can be bought on the market or ordered in bulk online. Then you will pay 11,750 rubles per ton. and the price for 40 kg will be 20 rubles. below.
For 6 hens one bag is enough for 38 days (one bird eats 180 g per day). A little more than 2 rubles will be spent on chicken feed, even at expensive prices. a day, and she will lay one full egg. The benefits are clear. E. Osipova
Chicken feeder
If you were asked the question of a poultry farmer who it is, then, most likely, something like the following picture instantly appeared before your eyes: a man somewhere in the countryside feeding domestic animals like chickens, ducks and geese. Everything is so, only in modern realities, when any industry grows to an immense size, poultry farmers mostly work in factories.
What exactly does the poultry farmer do
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Even in our age of universal automation, one cannot do without a person who will keep under supervision all processes related to feeding and growing birds. The poultry farmer has a lot of worries, he must serve hundreds, if not thousands of hens.
Its primary tasks include:
- preparation of feed in compliance with all technological standards and its distribution;
- control over the timely supply of water to drinkers;
- measures for cleaning industrial premises;
- installation of the necessary parameters in the room, such as temperature, humidity, air exchange.
It is the poultry farmer who is responsible for ensuring the optimal conditions for keeping chickens or other birds. In addition, the poultry farmer takes an active part in medical and preventive measures. He must carefully observe the condition of the animals and take appropriate measures at the slightest symptoms of illness.
Naturally, random people are not allowed in poultry farms. Poultry farmers receive specialized education and, depending on the length of service, they are assigned categories. The duties of a poultry farmer of the second category include grazing birds, maintaining equipment and implements, screening out weak birds and collecting animals that have died prematurely.
Poultry farmers of the fourth category perform actions aimed at increasing productivity, are engaged in sorting and rejecting live goods, and cleaning trays in cages from slags. Five-grade workers use the latest methods in selection and breeding work, look after young animals, monitor compliance with the conditions for breeding poultry.
Of course, there is nothing to do without love for animals. The poultry breeder should not only carefully handle the birds entrusted to his care, but also be very observant in order to react with lightning speed to changes in the behavior of his wards.
If you forget about personal qualities for a while, it is important for this specialist to understand;
- rules for care and maintenance;
- the composition of disinfectants;
- basic veterinary and sanitary standards;
- rules for sorting and packaging egg products.
It will be useful if the poultry farmer has responsibility, since an oversight or negligence in his duties can easily lead to irreparable consequences. They teach this at first glance simple profession in agricultural technical schools, and future poultry farmers undergo training directly at poultry farms.
It is nice that every day, thanks to the efforts of domestic poultry farmers, the increase in the Russian feathered population is increasing. And finally, it is worth noting that a real poultry farmer who is this is a person who brings incomparable joy to doing his work.
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