“Approval of the Standard Regulations for the repair and technological section of the signaling, centralization and blocking distances in order to establish a unified structure and organization of work...”

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PUBLIC CORPORATION

"RUSSIAN RAILWAYS"

(JSC Russian Railways)

ORDER

« 1 9 »December 2 0 1 3 Moscow No. 2819r

Confirmation

Typical position of the repair and technological section of the distance

alarm, centralization and blocking

In order to establish a unified structure and organize the work of repair and technological sections of signaling, centralization and blocking distances:

1. Approve and put into effect the attached Standard Regulations on the repair and technological section of the alarm, centralization and blocking distances.

2. The heads of the automation and telemechanics services of the infrastructure directorates should organize a study of the requirements of this Standard Regulation on the repair and technological section of the signaling distance, centralization and interlocking with the employees involved.

3. The heads of signaling, centralization and blocking distances should organize work on developing regulations on the repair and technological section at the signaling, centralization and blocking distance.

4. Entrust control over the implementation of this order to the head of the Automation and Telemechanics Department of the Central Directorate of Infrastructure G.F. Nasonov.

5. The Standard Regulations on the Repair and Technological Section of the Signaling and Communication Distance dated December 28, 2000 shall be declared invalid.

Ho TsShTs-37/277.

Vice-President of JSC "?ZhD" t/,^, \Sh A.V.Tselko Isp.Milyukova Jl.ll.,ShS1b TsSh r 9) 260-01-6

APPROVED

by order of JSC Russian Railways

STANDARD PROVISIONS

about the repair and technological section of the signaling distance, centralization and blocking

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. The standard provision on the repair and technological section (hereinafter referred to as RTU) of the signaling, centralization and blocking distance (hereinafter referred to as the signaling distance) determines the functions, structure, operating procedure of the RTU of the signaling distance, features of checking, adjusting and repairing railway automation and telemechanics equipment (hereinafter referred to as ZhAT equipment ), as well as the functions of the head of the RTU.

1.2.RTU carries out its activities in accordance with the Rules for the technical operation of railways of the Russian Federation and other regulatory and technological documents that apply to the automation and telemechanics facilities of the Central Directorate of Infrastructure, as well as the Regulations on the repair and technological section of the signaling distance, developed in accordance with this Standard position and approved by the head of the signaling system.

The Regulations on the repair and technological section of the signaling system distance can reflect the features of the structure, functions performed, changes and additions to the rights and responsibilities of RTU employees can be made.

1.3. Methodological management of the technological process of technical maintenance, adjustment, testing and repair of signaling devices in RTU is carried out by the laboratory (technical center) of automation and telemechanics (hereinafter referred to as ShL, (SHTC)), the design and engineering bureau of railway automation and telemechanics (hereinafter referred to as PKTBTSH) .

MAIN TASKS AND FUNCTIONS

2.1. The main objectives of RTU activities are the organization and implementation of work on routine maintenance, checking for compliance with technical requirements (input, periodic control) of the ZhAT equipment in operation or being put into operation at the signaling station using special technological, testing equipment, tools and measuring instruments.

2.2. Nartu is assigned the following main functions:

accounting of devices and elements of electrical centralization systems, automatic blocking, diagnostics, microprocessor centralization, dispatcher centralization, dispatcher control, hump devices and other newly introduced systems (hereinafter referred to as devices) in the signaling distance;

participation in the centralized replacement of devices in ZhAT devices;

checking the parameters of signaling devices for compliance with technical requirements (input, scheduled periodic monitoring, maintenance and event-related repairs);

regulated maintenance, inspection, current repair of equipment and equipment of the railway;

technical examination of signaling devices in order to assess the possibility of operation after the end of the designated service life;

measurement of parameters and repair of cable (overhead) lines;

test of means personal protection, checking grounding devices;

certification of testing equipment, accounting of measuring instruments;

collection and analysis of information on the reliability of equipment and equipment, conducting complaint and claim work;

analysis of the causes of equipment failures;

carrying out work to improve the reliability of equipment, participation in commissioning and adjustment work, carrying out organizational and technical measures;

maintaining technical documentation for the installation of signaling systems;

participation in the preparation of signaling devices for utilization.

The Regulations on the repair and technological area may also reflect other functions that take into account the organizational structure of the signaling system distance.

2.3. Participation in the implementation of the program for the gradual introduction of technologies lean manufacturing in the RTU distance signaling system, providing:

minimizing losses from activities that lead to non-production costs;

maximum efficient use of equipment and materials;

planning and implementation of measures to create conditions that improve the quality of work;

effective employee motivation system.

The main goals and objectives of the Lean Manufacturing Program are indicated in Appendix No. 1.

W MOUTH STRUCTURE

3.1. The organizational structure of the RTU must ensure the implementation of the main tasks and functions defined by the Regulations on the RTU.

3.2. The RTU is headed by the head of the section (hereinafter referred to as ShChU) or the senior electrician (hereinafter referred to as ShNS), appointed and dismissed by order of the head of the signaling station. The head of the RTU (senior electromechanic) is directly subordinate to the chief engineer of the signaling system in accordance with the order on the distribution of job responsibilities.

3.3. The main form of labor organization in RTU is the brigade.

The number of teams is determined by the standards for the number of workers at the signaling distance, and the composition of the teams is formed taking into account the technical equipment of the signaling distance, service standards assigned to the functions of the team. In accordance with the size standards, the RTU may include the following teams by type of activity:

a team for regulated maintenance, inspection, and routine repair of relays and relay units of signaling systems;

team for new work, accounting and centralized replacement of devices;

team for regulated maintenance, inspection, and routine repair of electronic equipment and protection devices;

a team for measuring parameters and repairing cable (overhead) lines, testing personal protective equipment, grounding devices;

team for maintaining technical documentation of signaling devices;

team for reliability and ensuring uninterrupted operation of automation and telemechanics devices.

The RTU may include teams for regulated maintenance, inspection, and current repair of certain types of equipment, SAUT, KTSM, DC, DC, hump elements and other systems.

3.4. When separating the repair component from the process of technical operation of automation and telemechanics devices, signaling and control systems can be included in the “repair vertical” together with:

a team for the repair of floor equipment, created on the basis of teams for measuring parameters and repairing cable and overhead lines, testing personal protective equipment, grounding devices, a remote workshop for mechanization and vehicles;

a team for checking, adjusting and repairing power supply devices, track devices for automatic locomotive signaling and automated control systems, automatic blocking and automation at railway crossings, axle counting equipment, allocated from the teams for the maintenance of the corresponding signaling devices.

3.5. RTU teams can be formed on a territorial basis, when, due to technological or economic criteria, it is inappropriate to transport devices over long distances.

3.6. The teams may include engineers, electronics, electromechanics, electricians, electric welders, mechanics, drivers Vehicle.

Each RTU team is headed by a team leader: a senior electromechanic or operating engineer technical means.

3.7. A team for regulated maintenance, testing, and routine repair of relays and relay units of signaling systems.

The team should include electricians, electric mechanics, repairmen, electromechanical receivers who carry out quality control of the adjustment and repair of electromagnetic relays of signaling systems (except for open-type code relays), relay blocks, pulse and transmitter relays, relay decoders, code track and pendulum transmitters. The main functions of the brigade workers are distributed:

3.7.1. external inspection, opening, cleaning of instruments and equipment of the signaling system is carried out by an electrician;

3.7.2. adjusting parameters, checking installation, mechanical, electrical and timing parameters of relay equipment and their elements, checking the functioning of relay units on a stand (AWS) according to the program, filling out and gluing labels, is carried out by an electrician-repairman or electrician of 5...6 categories;

3.7.3. control check, which includes checking compliance of mechanical, electrical, timing parameters with the requirements established in technological documents, electromagnetic relays of signaling systems (except for open-type code relays), relay units, pulse and transmitter relays, code and pendulum transmitters, relay decoders after regulated maintenance and repairs, closing the device, applying a mark (seal), recording the test results in the appropriate journals, is carried out by an acceptance electrician (engineer, senior electrician), certified by VShL (ShTs) and having an acceptance certificate;

3.7.4. It is allowed for electromechanics certified in the road laboratory (technical center) and who have received a certificate for the right to accept electromagnetic signaling relays, relay units, relay decoders, pulse and transmitter relays, code track and pendulum transmitters, to be granted the right to carry out regulated maintenance and repairs and acceptance of the specified devices is a water person.

3.8. A team for regulated maintenance, inspection, and routine repair of electronic equipment and protection devices.

The team should include electricians, electromechanics, and a technical equipment operation engineer. The main functions of the brigade workers are distributed:

3.8.1. external inspection, opening, cleaning of instruments and equipment of the signaling system is carried out by an electrician;

3.8.2. inspection and adjustment of electronic (contactless) devices that require branding (sealing) are carried out by team workers certified in the road laboratory (technical center) of automation and telemechanics or in specialized centers of manufacturers and who have received certificates for the right to check and brand (seal) devices of the corresponding type ;

3.8.3. regulated maintenance, inspection and ongoing repair of signaling devices that do not require branding (sealing) (fuses, arresters, traffic light lamps, transformers, electric motors, electric drives, surge protection devices, buttons, switches, free-standing capacitors, varistors, resistors, BDR units , BVS) are carried out by team workers (electromechanics or electricians), certified by a commission appointed by the head of the signaling station.

Note: The procedure for certification and granting RTU electricians the right to accept signaling devices (clauses 3.7.3; 3.7.4; 3.8.2; 3.8.3) is set out in Appendix No. 2.

3.9. A team for new work, accounting and centralized replacement of devices.

The team should include electricians who know the operation of signaling devices and the procedure for adjusting and checking them; the team is headed by a senior electrician. The main functions of the brigade workers:

3.9.1. accounting of signaling devices and system elements in operation as part of spare parts and accessories for railway transport systems at sites, in the exchange fund and for conservation, as well as participation, together with the operational staff, in replacing replaced devices and checking the operation of devices after replacement.

The order of the ShCh in the signaling distance must determine: the procedure for delivery to the line and return to the RTU of replaced devices, the timing of replacement and return of devices, the responsible persons are indicated, a reporting form for the replacement is provided;

3.9.2. participation of team specialists in commissioning work during the modernization of signaling devices, during new construction.

3.10. A team for measuring parameters and repairing cable (overhead) lines, testing personal protective equipment, and grounding devices.

The team should include electricians and electromechanics.

The main functions of the brigade workers:

3.10.1. execution in deadlines subject to compliance with labor protection rules: work on checking the insulation resistance of cable cores and control circuits, inspection of ground-based devices of cable networks and signal lines, high-quality restoration and repair work on signaling cables in accordance with current rules and instructions for the construction, repair and maintenance of line cable structures; carrying out work to ensure the safety of line cable structures; cable repairs according to plan;

3.10.2. carrying out work to measure the grounding resistance of electrical equipment; testing of personal protective equipment.

3.11. Team for maintaining technical documentation for signaling devices.

The team should include technical equipment operation engineers. The main functions of the brigade workers are:

3.11.1. performance of work on maintaining technical documentation of railway automation and telemechanics, in accordance with the established list, coordination of technical documentation.

making changes, restoration, disposal, in accordance with the provisions of [6]. t

3.12. Team for reliability and ensuring uninterrupted operation of automation and telemechanics devices.

The team should include electromechanics and signaling distance controllers. The main functions of the brigade workers are:

3.12.1. ensuring the safe operation of RHA devices and systems;

organization and control of the safe performance of work on maintenance, repair, modernization and reconstruction of devices and systems of railway transport in accordance with approved schedules;

organization and control of restoration of normal functioning of devices and systems of railway transport;

organization and control of the safe operation of devices and systems of housing and safety equipment during repair work and modernization in related facilities;

organizing the restoration of housing and communal services in emergency situations.

3.12.2. the structure of the operational management system, requirements for dispatch staff, the main tasks are set out in.

IV RTU EQUIPMENT

4.1. Regulated maintenance checks and current repairs of equipment and equipment must be carried out in specially equipped rooms.

Requirements for RTU production premises are given in Appendix No. 3.

The plan of RTU production premises and the list of equipment for equipping such premises is determined by the project developed for the signaling distance, in accordance with the document.

4.2. To place and store devices, tools, spare parts and consumables, the RTU must have specially equipped cabinets, cabinets, and racks, which are numbered and labeled for specific types of devices.

Transportation of signaling devices to RTU must be carried out on special carts.

4.3. Workstations must be equipped with testing and measuring equipment, technological equipment, and tools.

consumables necessary to perform the assigned functions. Their composition is determined by regulatory, technological or operational documentation for specific types of devices and equipment.

RTU teams must be equipped with communications, office equipment, automation and mechanization of work.

4.4. For planned periodic replacement of signaling devices under operating conditions, measurement of parameters and participation in the routine maintenance of cable (overhead) lines, testing of grounding devices, specialized motor vehicles must be assigned to the RTU.

Transportation of devices to linear areas for replacement must be carried out in specially equipped containers.

4.5. In the central control system there must be a list of officials approved by the chief responsible for the technical condition of hardware and software of automated workstations, mechanization equipment, specialized motor vehicles and technological equipment, assigned to the RTU, as well as regulations establishing the procedure for inspection and maintenance of these facilities.

4.6. Certification of test stands, consoles, calibration (verification) of signaling distance measuring instruments is carried out in accordance with schedules approved by the management of the signaling distance, developed on the basis of regulatory documents of JSC Russian Railways. "The procedure for organizing and conducting certification of testing equipment and recording the results has been established. If the certification results are positive, a tag indicating the type, number, date of certification and the deadline for the next certification is attached to the body of the stand or remote control.

4.7. For regulated maintenance, inspection, and current repair of open-type code relays, buttons and switches on control devices (panels, displays), protection devices at electrical control posts, DC, temporary workplaces equipped with necessary equipment, measuring instruments and tools.

The specified work must be performed jointly by electricians of the linear production site of the iRTU.

4.8. RTU teams must be equipped with hardware and software that ensure the implementation of a set of tasks “Accounting for instruments and planning the work of RTU sections” (KZ UP-RTU) of the ASU-Sh-2 system, to automate the following functions using barcoding technology:

accounting for the movement of signaling devices and system elements during operation, indicating the type, number, location of installation or storage;

accounting of signaling devices and elements of systems included in the spare parts and accessories of ZhAT systems, as well as those located in the exchange fund for conservation;

planning work to replace signaling devices and system elements with optimization functions;

monitoring the implementation of the replacement schedule;

receiving reporting documents;

recording failures of signaling and signaling equipment;

monitoring the availability of devices with a service life exceeding the designated service life.

RTU STAFF

5.1. Work on regulated maintenance, inspection, and routine repairs of equipment and equipment of the railway transport system in RTU is carried out by persons who have undergone professional training and special practical training (internship).

5.2. RTU employees who have studied the relevant documents are allowed to operate technological and testing equipment, measuring instruments and automated systems. The knowledge of these workers must be checked by their immediate supervisor with a note in the technical training logbook.

5.3. The staff of the RTU is determined based on the technical equipment of the signaling distance based on the standards for the number of employees of the signaling distances approved by JSC Russian Railways.

5.4. Persons who meet the requirements of the tariff and qualification characteristics and have passed the test of knowledge of the rules, instructions and other regulatory documents within the scope of the functions performed are appointed to the positions of electrician, electromechanical, senior electrician, engineer, and head of the RTU.

In accordance with, after checking the knowledge of documents, RTU employees are assigned qualification group on electrical safety.

5.5.Increasing the qualifications and level of knowledge of RTU employees is carried out in the manner prescribed by conducting technical training, practical methods of regulated maintenance and routine repair of signaling devices in teams, groups, and for engineers, senior electrical mechanics and the site manager, conducting technical training at the signaling distance.

To study new equipment and technology, the head of the RTU, engineers, and senior electrical mechanics of the RTU must undergo training in advanced training courses outside of production once every 5 years.

The manager is responsible for organizing training and periodically testing knowledge in relation to his subordinates.

5.6. Electromechanics who have a certificate for the right to accept instruments and elements of signaling systems (electromagnetic relays of signaling systems, relay blocks, pulse and transmitter relays, relay decoders, code travel and pendulum transmitters, electronic and contactless devices) and a personal stamp (seal) must undergo primary and periodic (at least once every 7 years) certification in the laboratory (technical center) of automation and remote control.

The procedure for certifying RTU electromechanics for the right to maintain, adjust and test (accept) signaling devices is set out in Appendix No. 2.

5.7. The main functions of RTU employees are:

regulated maintenance and routine repair of equipment and railway equipment in accordance with the norms and rules established by the regulatory and technological documents in force at JSC Russian Railways;

high-quality and timely implementation of planned work;

taking measures to restore the normal operation of signaling devices in the event of failures, damage, failures in the operation of hardware and software, identifying the causes of violations of the normal operation of signaling devices and carrying out work aimed at preventing their recurrence, preparing proposals aimed at preventing the occurrence of failures, damage, failures ;

compliance with the work procedure that ensures the safety of train traffic and labor protection requirements;

participation in training employees of other services in the correct use of signaling devices;

ensuring the safety and good condition of equipment, inventory, tools, devices, as well as technical documentation for serviced devices.

5.8. The functions of the head of the RTU section are:

5.8.1. General provisions:

a person with a higher professional (technical) education and appropriate qualifications in accordance with the requirements of ETKS and JSC Russian Railways is appointed to the position of head of the RTU of the signaling distance;

The head of the RTU of the signaling station is guided in his work by the legislation of the Russian Federation, the charter of JSC "Russian Railways", regulatory documents of JSC "Russian Railways", the territorial directorate of infrastructure, the automatic telemechanics service, and the signaling distance.

The head of the RTU must know:

design, principle of operation, technical characteristics and design features of the equipment and equipment of the railway transport;

rules and procedures for testing devices and electrical measurements;

characteristic types of violations of the normal operation of life cycle devices and methods for their elimination;

organization and technology of electrical installation work;

basics of electrical engineering, telemechanics, advanced experience in operation, maintenance and repair of devices and equipment of railway transport;

Rules for the technical operation of the railways of the Russian Federation, Instructions for the movement of trains and shunting work on the railways of the Russian Federation, Instructions for signaling on the railways of the Russian Federation to the extent necessary to perform their official duties;

consumption standards for materials, spare parts and electricity;

regulatory documents regulating the work of a senior electrician, engineer, electromechanic, electrician of RTU;

internal labor regulations;

regulations on the peculiarities of working hours and rest time, working conditions for certain categories of railway transport workers directly related to the movement of trains;

federal laws on railway transport, the basics of labor legislation of the Russian Federation to the extent necessary to fulfill their official duties;

fundamentals of economics, organization of production, labor and management;

rules, standards and instructions on labor protection, sanitary standards and rules;

Fire safety rules for railway transport;

be able to use computer technology and measuring instruments.

The head of the RTU is directly subordinate to the chief engineer of the signaling station according to the distribution of job responsibilities, and in an operational manner - to the distance manager or the responsible duty officer for the distance.

During the absence of the head of the RTU (vacation, illness, etc.), his duties are performed by a senior electrician, appointed in accordance with the established procedure, who acquires the corresponding rights and is responsible for failure to perform or improper performance of the duties assigned to him in connection with the replacement.

5.8.2. The main responsibilities of the head of the RTU are:

organizing the implementation of tasks assigned to RTU;

direct supervision of senior electricians and team leaders, maintaining labor and technological discipline at the site;

organization of work on drawing up long-term, annual and monthly work plans for regulated maintenance, routine repair and replacement of signaling devices, monitoring their implementation;

organization of work to inspect the technical condition of signaling devices in order to extend the designated service life;

drawing up a program for decommissioning devices with an expired extended service life and monitoring its implementation;

monitoring compliance by RTU employees with the requirements of current instructions, regulatory, methodological and technological documents that define the procedure and rules for carrying out maintenance work and routine repairs of signaling devices;

monitoring compliance by RTU employees with the requirements of current rules, instructions on labor protection, fire safety, sanitary rules and regulations;

ensuring the good condition of testing and technological equipment, measuring instruments used in the process of regulated maintenance, routine repair of signaling devices;

15 "checking the availability and condition of technical documentation in RTU teams;

periodic verification of compliance of test equipment diagrams and approved technical documentation;

development and control of the implementation of organizational and technical measures to prevent device failures and improve the quality of work performed;

organizing the improvement of maintenance and current repairs of signaling devices, introducing small-scale mechanization and automation into production processes;

participation in inspections of the technical condition of devices taken out of service ahead of schedule, analysis of device malfunctions and taking the necessary measures aimed at preventing their recurrence;

organization of work on the acceptance of newly arriving signaling devices;

solving issues of providing RTU with measuring equipment, spare parts, consumables, etc.;

analysis of failures of signaling devices at the sub-station with the development of proposals to improve the reliability of their operation;

implementation of lean manufacturing technologies;

checking the condition of technical documentation, the correctness of its execution, the timeliness of additions and changes, the reliability of the information entered, and the storage of documentation;

participation in personnel selection and rational use;

organizing and conducting briefings, technical training, advanced training courses for RTU employees;

ensuring control of the condition of electrical equipment, electrical lighting and electrical wiring in all premises of the RTU;

Carrying out random control checks of signaling devices prepared for delivery to the line at least once every three months.

5.8.3. The head of the RTU has the right:

approve plans and reports of RTU team leaders;

receive from the heads of workshops and signaling distance sections the materials and information necessary to perform the functions of the RTU;

submit to the management of the centralized control department proposals on the application, in the prescribed manner, of incentives or disciplinary measures to employees of the RTU and other divisions of the centralized control system, proposals for the hiring, relocation, dismissal of RTU employees, and for the payment of their labor;

coordinate vacation schedules for RTU employees;

participate in the work of commissions for testing and commissioning of technical equipment;

participate in the work of the commission for certification of RTU specialists;

use vehicles and communication equipment at a distance of the signaling system to perform assigned duties;

use a travel service ticket within the boundaries of the signaling system;

submit for approval acts for write-off or transfer of fixed assets and low-value inventory to RTU;

check compliance with the operating rules of devices tested at RTU;

submit proposals to the head of the signaling system for changing the timing of periodic checks of devices;

receive advice on issues of regulated maintenance, inspection and current repair of devices in the laboratory (technical center) and the automation and telemechanics service;

control the correct use of measuring instruments and testing equipment in the signaling distance divisions;

request personally or through a distance dispatcher for motor rail transport to solve production problems;

use operational and technological communications;

remove from work shop workers who violate labor and production discipline.

5.9. The functions of an engineer for the operation of technical equipment, a senior electrician, electromechanics, electricians and other employees of the RTU are determined by job descriptions approved by the head of the signaling system in the established manner.

An example of a job description for a senior electrician at RTU is given in Appendix No. 9.

VIDOCUMENTATION RTU

6.1. The RTU must be provided with regulatory, technical, operational documents and reference and information material necessary to perform the assigned functions in compliance with labor protection rules.

Workers performing inspections of equipment and equipment must have technological documents (instructions, process maps, consumption standards for materials and spare parts) or operational documents (operation manuals, technical descriptions, circuit and wiring diagrams) containing the necessary information about the regulated technical maintenance, equipment testing under RTU conditions.

The composition of the technical documentation of the RTU and the procedure for its maintenance in the signaling distance must comply.

6.2. There must be documented technological processes for regulated maintenance, inspection and current repair of signaling devices.

Technological processes for checking, setting up, and routine repair of instruments and equipment are set out:

in a separate technological document;

in the sections “maintenance”, “maintenance of components” of the operating manual (at the stages of operational tests, extended trial operation, release of an installation batch of devices and equipment).

For certain types of equipment, for which there are no maps of standard technological processes, specialists from the laboratory (technical center) of automation and telemechanics or signaling distance can develop operational maps, which are approved by: the head of the automation and telemechanics service of the territorial directorate of infrastructure for use within the directorate of infrastructure , the head of the signaling distance for use in the signaling distance.

6.3. By his order, the head of the signaling distance must establish a system for recording, storing and using a fund of regulatory and technical documents that define the procedure for regulated maintenance, inspection, adjustment and routine repair of equipment and equipment of the railway; timely introduction of changes to documents;

timely familiarization with incoming documents, changes and additions to the current documents of all involved employees.

Changes and additions to drawings, diagrams of devices and equipment, to standard methods for checking devices, programs for checking blocks must be made and certified by the senior electrician of the corresponding RTU team with his signature. Records of changes must be neatly, legibly, without corrections and contain the purpose of the change, the basis for making the change. The basis for making changes to technical, design documentation, and special Software are notifications approved (coordinated) by the Automation and Telemechanics Department of the Central Directorate of Infrastructure of JSC Russian Railways.

6.4. Operating documents for the apparatus and equipment of the ZhAT must be supplied by the manufacturer (supplier). Operational documents must fully comply with the supplied equipment.

The operational documentation for newly developed ZhAT equipment must comply with the requirements.

6.5. Measuring, testing and diagnostic equipment used for adjusting and testing equipment in the RTU must have operational documents in accordance with. Their use without operational documents containing information about the characteristics and instructions necessary for proper and safe operation is prohibited.

All changes and additions to the design, electrical circuits of the measuring, testing and diagnostic instruments used must be reflected in the technical documentation for the relevant products.

6.6. The results of maintenance, adjustment and testing of signaling devices must be documented in inspection logs. Inspection logs must be numbered, laced and in accordance with the established forms given in the process sheets.

All entries in instrument inspection logs should be made clearly and accurately, without erasures or uncertified corrections.

Instrument inspection logs with measurement results of standardized parameters must be stored until the next scheduled maintenance (inspection) of replaced instruments or until the end of their service life.

The results of checking the parameters of devices, carried out using computer technology, must be documented in protocols, which are printed, signed and filed in a special folder by the performer who has the right to check the devices. Protocols should be stored similarly to audit logs.

The form of the inspection protocol is given in Appendix No. 4.

6.7. The RTU must draw up long-term (up to 15 years), annual and monthly schedules for the replacement and technical maintenance of signaling devices in operation, lists of devices included in the spare parts and accessories of the ZhAT systems at the stations and storage of the RTU.

Long-term and annual schedules for replacement and maintenance of signaling devices on paper, adjustments to schedules in connection with additional work must be approved by one of the managers of the signaling distance.

6.8. When using computer technology to maintain protocols for checking signaling devices, replacement and maintenance schedules and the results of their implementation, organizational and technical measures should be provided to ensure guaranteed storage of information during the life of the devices or execution of the check schedule.

6.9. For each unit (team, group) of the RTU, based on schedules for replacement and maintenance of signaling devices, time standards for regulated maintenance, checking and current repair of signaling devices in the RTU (taking into account the uniform workload of workers), the head of the team (group) must draw up and submit monthly work plans to the head of the RTU for approval. Work plans should take into account time for technical training, participation in commission inspections, work to improve the reliability of signaling devices, etc.

Electrical mechanics and electricians and team leaders are given standardized tasks. Standardized assignments can be issued for a month, a week, or another set period of time.

When drawing up standardized tasks, standard time standards for checking and repairing signaling devices in RTU should be used. In the absence of standard time standards for certain types of devices, it is allowed to establish local standards approved by the management of the automation and telemechanics service of the territorial directorate of infrastructure or the head of the signaling system.

6.8. The reporting procedure for RTU departments is established by the head of the signaling station. Reports must reflect the actual performance of work, including unscheduled work.

Approximate forms of RTU work plans for the year, for the month, and standardized tasks are given in Appendix No. 5.

6.9. In the RTU of the signaling distance there must be a list of signaling devices in operation (including devices included in the spare parts for signaling systems) for each station, section, devices in the exchange fund, and accounting of receipts, movements and write-offs is organized.

VII MAINTENANCE, ADJUSTMENT,

CHECKING HARDWARE AND EQUIPMENT IN THE MOUTH

7.1. The main types of work at VRTU are:

performing incoming inspection of new equipment;

inspection, adjustment, maintenance and scheduled periodic inspection of equipment and equipment installed in operation;

event-related maintenance and repair of devices;

7.2. Incoming inspection of equipment received from the manufacturer (supplier) must be carried out in order to assess and predict the technical condition.

The scope and sequence of incoming inspection operations are established in the technological or operational documents for the equipment.

Incoming inspection can be carried out in several stages:

checking the completeness and labeling of products in packaging;

acceptance of accompanying documentation, which, in addition to transport documentation, may include technical and operational documentation (copies of certificates, manufacturer’s quality control marks, etc.);

visual inspection and verification of product completeness, appearance, labeling, analysis of product quality data provided in the accompanying documentation;

quality check and technical characteristics and product parameters.

Note: the decision on the need to introduce, tighten, weaken or cancel incoming control must be made by the consumer based on the features, nature and purpose of the product.

Carrying out the incoming inspection of signaling devices with testing must be carried out by electromechanics, engineers, and senior electromechanics of RTU certified for the right of inspection (acceptance).

Signaling and signaling devices approved for operation based on the results of incoming inspection must have a mark of compliance with technical requirements (label) installed on the outer side of the casing.

The results of the incoming inspection of signaling devices must be recorded in the appropriate inspection logs by type indicating “incoming inspection” or an inspection report must be printed.

7.3. In order to increase the requirements for the quality of supplied products and ensure legal protection of the interests of JSC Russian Railways, a complaint report must be drawn up in accordance with the procedure provided for by signaling devices rejected based on the results of incoming inspection or taken out of service before the expiration of the warranty period.

7.4. Maintenance and scheduled periodic testing of signaling devices for compliance with established technical requirements must be carried out at the frequency established in the regulatory documentation.

The scope and sequence of maintenance and scheduled periodic inspections are established in technological or operational documents. Checking signaling devices should include an external inspection, measurement of input and output parameters, and, if necessary, a run (run-in) with parameter control. If the parameters do not comply with the established standards, the devices must be adjusted using the methods outlined in the process maps.

After regulated maintenance and adjustment, the electromagnetic relays of the signaling system, relay blocks, pulse and transmitter relays, code and pendulum transmitters, relay decoders must be checked by an electromechanical receiver (control check (acceptance)).

Control check (acceptance) involves external inspection, checking the quality of assembly, fastening, soldering, compliance of mechanical, electrical, timing parameters, contact resistance of contacts with established requirements. If the parameters being checked comply with the established requirements, the results of the control check must be documented in logs (or inspection reports), the device must be closed and a stamp (seal) must be placed.

7.5. Event-based maintenance and repair of devices must be carried out after detection of failures and malfunctions that occur during operation of the device. The technology for such repairs usually consists of next stages: identifying a malfunction, determining its nature, eliminating the malfunction and its consequences, setting up and adjusting the device (if necessary) using instrumentation, checking for compliance with established requirements.

7.6. Devices taken out of service before the expiration of the established periodic replacement period must be checked by a commission appointed by the head of the signaling system, with the participation of the head of the RTU or a senior electrician. The results of the commission inspection must be recorded in a journal of the established form. Based on the results of checking the device, the failure of which led to a disruption in the normal operation of technical means, a Technical Report must be drawn up. Copies of the Technical Report must be transferred to ShChD, ShL (ShTs).

The form of the Technical Report is given in Appendix No. 6.

7.7. The system of periodic monitoring of compliance by performers in the RTU with the rules for performing work should include random control checks by the head of the RTU, senior electricians, and foremen.

Once every three months, the head of the RTU must check compliance with the rules for performing work in each team and group of the RTU, and conduct random checks of instruments prepared for delivery to the line.

The senior electrician (foreman) must carry out random checks of devices on a monthly basis (the number of devices to be checked is determined based on local conditions, but not less than three (of different types and different electromechanical receivers)).

The results of the random control check must be recorded in the appropriate logs for checking the signaling devices in a distinctive color, indicating all the checked parameters; in the log of the SHU-2 form, make a record of the check performed (indicate the types and number of devices checked).

7.8. The RTU of the signaling distance must have an exchange fund of replaceable devices, blocks, modules, sets of necessary consumables and spare parts. The standards for the exchange stock of replaceable signaling devices, blocks, modules are given in Appendix No. 7.

7.9. Tested and ready-to-use devices must be stored in a specially designated place on racks or in cabinets in a dry, heated room.

Transportation of signaling devices to the installation site and back should be done in special containers that ensure their safety and protection from precipitation and mechanical influences. Containers on vehicles must be secured. The fastening must prevent the container from moving during transportation.

7.10. Signaling devices approved for operation must be sealed, have a mark of compliance with technical requirements (label) indicating the month and year of inspection and the signature of the electrician who performed the regulated maintenance of the device.

Signaling devices, the design of which provides a place for applying a stamp imprint (installation of a seal), are branded (sealed) with the personal brand (seal) of the RTU employee (electromechanical inspector) who checked the standardized parameters.

The procedure for using personal marks of conformity marks of the Russian Technical Regulations is given in Appendix No. 8.

7.11. During regulated maintenance, inspection and routine repair of devices in RTU, it is necessary to keep records of the quality of work performed. The receiving electrician must record all cases of devices being returned for modification to the electromechanical adjuster, indicating the reason for the return.

The results of the quality of maintenance and testing of signaling devices must be linked with the results of bonuses for each RTU employee.

7.12. Signaling devices that have been subjected to external influences (mechanical, climatic) exceeding the standards established in the operational documentation are not allowed to be used in existing signaling devices without re-checking the vRTU.

7.13. All signaling devices must have a service life, after which a decision on the possibility of further operation of these devices is made by a qualification commission, in the manner prescribed in Guidelines“Procedure for extending the service life of alarm, centralization and blocking devices.”

–  –  –

The main goals and objectives of the Lean Manufacturing Program The goal of the program is to develop the production system of JSC Russian Railways and increase its efficiency through the use of lean manufacturing tools aimed at identifying and eliminating / reducing losses (i.e., non-value-added costs) in the transportation process, in the processes of repair and operation of infrastructure, rolling stock, in logistics processes and other processes.

In accordance with the principles of lean manufacturing, the so-called “hidden losses” are subject to identification and reduction/elimination, i.e.

costs that are not clearly reflected (or not fully reflected) in existing accounting systems. Therefore, along with traditional integral indicators production activities(such as labor productivity, equipment utilization rate, cost, quality, etc.), when assessing the effect of lean transformations, “new” indicators that characterize the state of value streams and their improvement should be considered.

Each structural unit taking part in the implementation of the lean production implementation program must determine the composition of indicators in accordance with the specifics of the activity, evaluate the “starting” values ​​of indicators, set quantitative goals for their improvement and monitor indicators during the implementation of lean transformations.

The structural unit must have personnel trained in the application of lean manufacturing methods, there must be a permanent working group whose main goal is to improve value streams through identifying, reducing / eliminating losses; Value streams of economic and technical indicators must be monitored to demonstrate consistent improvement and reduction/elimination of waste.

In the conditions of RTU, one of the principles of lean production is maintaining order in the workplace. To implement this principle, the 5 “S” system can be used

Five “C” (Five Ss, 5S) is a system for effective organization of the workplace (workspace), based on visual control.

Includes five principles, each of which begins with the letter "C".

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The number of management staff is established depending on the distance group according to the staffing schedule. For signaling and communication distance Art. Irkutsk-Sorting management staff is: Group 1 – 26 people: Management staff and the number of management staff are presented in Table 2.

Table 2 – Distance management staff structure

Job title	Number of people, people
Head of the course
Deputy head of the distance for signaling
Chief Engineer
Deputy Head of the Distance for Personnel and Social Issues
HR Specialist
Chief Accountant
Accountant
Economist
Health and Safety Engineer
Labor organization and regulation engineer
Secretary
Head of the section
Head of the slide

1.4 Organizational structure of distance management

The basis for building any production unit is a clear and scientifically based division and cooperation of labor in the enterprise.

For signaling and communication distances, it is most rational to use the following forms of division of labor:

a) functional - division of the entire complex of work at a distance depending on the main functions performed by different categories of workers;

b) territorial - division into sections depending on their location on the line and length;

c) professional qualification – division by profession and complexity of work that requires appropriate qualifications (electricians, electricians, mechanics, etc.).

Labor cooperation at a distance of signaling and communication aims to ensure a rational relationship between workers (or groups) performing individual production processes, as well as to unite performers into the most appropriate groups.

The functional division of labor involves dividing the main areas into two groups: main production and technical preparation of production (repair shops, workshops, etc.). In this case, pre-production workshops should be considered as serving the main production.

The need for division of labor on a territorial basis is due to the large length of the distance. At the same time, to organize normal work, the distance is divided into enlarged production sections, which in turn are divided into sections of senior electricians, then into subdivisions and working sections.

In the professional-qualification form of division of labor, the work of each performer is analyzed. When dividing the labor of performers, their personal qualities are taken into account: qualifications, ability for a certain type of activity.

The most rational form of cooperation of workers at distances is various groups and teams: permanent and temporary, complex and specialized. Their sizes are selected based on the identification of work that requires collective efforts and the necessary technological interconnection.

The combination of these links forms a certain level, and the unity of links and steps forms the general organizational structure of the enterprise.

Organizational structure of the signaling and communication distance Art. Irkutsk-Sortirovochny is shown in Figure 2.

Organizational structure is the basis (statics) of distance management. The dynamics of management is the daily operational management of its work. At a distance, it includes: general management, management of the operation of signaling devices, preparation (support) of the work of the main sections, technical and economic planning and management of the development of new equipment.

Responsibilities for managing the enterprise must be strictly distributed between the head of the distance, his deputies and the chief engineer. The chief always retains general management, including issues of ensuring traffic safety, personnel selection, and financing. The distribution of the remaining functions of management and management of individual production units between its managers is carried out taking into account the organizational chart, as well as the personal experience and abilities of the performers in order to ensure an even workload for each employee. The distribution of responsibilities is regulated by a distance order.

The head of the route is appointed to the position and dismissed from it by the head of the road. The head of the distance has the right:

a) without a power of attorney, represent the distance on issues within his competence in all state and administrative bodies, and with a power of attorney represent the East Siberian Railway in the above-mentioned judicial bodies;

Legend:

ShChU – section chief;

SHCHMG is the head of the slide.

Figure 2 - Organizational structure of signaling and communication distance management st. Irkutsk – Sortirovochny

b) by proxy and in the interests of the road, enter into contracts and agreements with enterprises and organizations of the Russian Federation on issues of the operation of the distance and be responsible for them, except for contracts for the construction and acquisition of fixed assets;

c) open and close a current account with bank institutions, carry out transactions on a current account with a bank;

d) hire, move and dismiss distance workers in accordance with current legislation;

e) encourage distance workers and impose disciplinary sanctions on them in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;

f) issue, within the limits of their competence, orders, instructions and other regulations, mandatory for execution by distance workers.

The staffing schedule for the signaling and communication distance is approved by the head of the East Siberian Railway or, on his instructions, by the head of the distance.

The head of the distance is responsible for performing the tasks and functions provided for by the Regulations on the distance, the legislation of the Russian Federation, orders, instructions, and other regulations of the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation and the East Siberian Railway.

The most important area of ​​activity of the route managers is ensuring the safety of train traffic. All signaling devices and circuits are built in such a way that any damage to them does not lead to dangerous consequences for the movement of trains. However, violation of the established procedure for servicing devices and the rules for carrying out repair work can lead to dangerous consequences. Therefore, the most important task of the distance command staff is actual control over the work of technical personnel, compliance with work rules, technological process, maintenance through regular checks and technical revisions.

Unified qualification directory for positions of managers, specialists and other employees (UN), 2019
Section “Qualification characteristics of positions of employees of nuclear energy organizations”
The section was approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated December 10, 2009 N 977

Head of signaling and communication distance

Job responsibilities. Manages all activities of the signaling and communication distance. Ensures the implementation of the plan for the production and financial activities of the signaling and communication distance in accordance with established quantitative and qualitative indicators, the effective use of production resources and fixed assets of the distance, the organization of planning of production and economic activities of the distance, the study and dissemination of best practices. Takes part in the selection of personnel, monitors compliance by employees with signaling and communication distances and production and labor discipline. Develops long-term plans for the development of signaling and communication distances. Participates in technical inspections of station and stage signaling, centralization, interlocking (signaling) and communication devices, in the work of commissions for the commissioning of signaling devices, in investigating and identifying the causes of accidents and work defects related to the operation of the distance. Organizes training for track service and traffic service workers, monitors knowledge of the rules for operating signaling and communication devices. Organizes the work of the control and testing point, periodic inspections of protective equipment, repair and adjustment of automation, telemechanics and communications devices, periodic measurements of communication lines and cable networks, technical and economic training of distance workers. Analyzes the production and economic activities of signaling and communication distances, the efficiency and reliability of signaling and communication devices, develops and implements measures to improve their performance. Participates in determining the need and substantiation of requests for logistical support of signaling and communication distances with equipment, materials and spare parts. Monitors the work of the qualification commission in assigning qualification categories to employees.

Must know: laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, methodological and regulatory documents relating to the operation of railway transport; device, principle of operation, technical characteristics, design features and rules for technical operation and maintenance of signaling and communication devices; domestic and Foreign experience in the field of signaling and communications; rules for operating electrical installations; transport communications diagram; technological process of the organization's access road; methods of technical, economic and production planning; fundamentals of economics, organization of production, labor and management; basics of labor legislation; environmental regulations; labor protection and fire safety regulations; internal labor regulations.

Qualification requirements. Higher professional (technical) education and work experience in specialist positions for at least 3 years.

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• Introduction
• 1. Operational part
• 2. Technical part
• 3. Technological part
• 3.1 Basic rights and obligations of employees
• 3.2 Drawing up a schedule of maintenance work for signaling devices
• Conclusion
• List of abbreviations
• List of sources used

Introduction

The main task of railway automation and telemechanics is to ensure the safety of train traffic. An important role in its solution is played by the reliable operation of the switch: at the command of the station duty officer, the switch should be moved to the desired position, and the pressed point should fit tightly to the frame rail (be less than 4 mm behind it).

According to the technology for servicing signaling devices, the arrows are checked at certain intervals by an electrician together with the track foreman manually using a special probe. This does not provide an absolute guarantee of the serviceability of the turnout during the period between inspections.

On the instructions of the Department of Automation and Telemechanics, the Ural Branch of VNIIZhT has developed equipment for non-contact automatic pointer control (ABAX) and its modification ABAX-KS. The equipment automatically controls the tightness of pressing the wit to the frame rail. The main difference of ABAX-KS is the improved circuit, protected from external electromagnetic influences and personnel errors. It can be integrated into EC circuits and diagnostic systems (ADK-STsB, APK-DK, ASDC).

After moving the arrow, if the pressed (for example, positive) wit has taken a position closer than 4 mm to the frame rail, the ABAKS-KS equipment “gives permission” to turn on the PC arrow position control relay. If the armature of the PC relay is pulled in, the “+” indicator turns on on the SKS-DSP switch status indicator, located at the station duty officer, indicating that the switch is in the positive position, subject to the condition of a tight fit of the switch to the frame rail. Similar information is transmitted to diagnostic systems.

1. Operational part

1.1 Characteristics of the signaling distance

The distance carries out maintenance of a wide variety of automation and telemechanics equipment (automatic blocking, overhead communication lines, passenger automatic equipment, etc.) To measure the technical equipment of the distance and give a comparable assessment of the number of various devices, a special indicator has been introduced - a technical unit.

A technical unit is a quantity of any equipment for the maintenance of which it is necessary to spend 173.1 standard hours per month (according to basic standards).

To calculate the technical equipment of the distance, we need the value technical units per meter depending on the category of railway lines. New railway lines, depending on their purpose in the general railway network, the nature and size of transportation, are divided, in terms of design standards, into categories adopted in accordance with Table 1.

Table 1 - Categories of railway lines

	Purpose of railways	Estimated annual reduced net freight traffic in the freight direction for the tenth year of operation, million tons/km
Express	For the movement of passenger trains at speeds above 160 to 200 km/h
Particularly heavy duty	Mainline railway lines for high volume freight transport
	Railway main lines	Over 30 to 50
	Railway main lines	Over 15 to 30
	Railway main lines	Over 8 to 15
	Railway lines
	Intra-station connecting* and access roads	Regardless of cargo load

Technical equipment, expressed in technical units, is a quantitative assessment of the activity of the signaling system, by which the volume of its work and labor productivity are determined.

The technical equipment of T, expressed in technical units, determines the distance group.

The distance group depends on its total technical equipment in points. Distances with a sum of equipment points of 400 and above belong to group I; 301-400 points - to group II; from 200 to 301 points - to group III; up to 200 points - IV group.

In this section of the course project, it is necessary to calculate the number of sidings on each section and the number of switches on each siding.

We will find the number of trips using the formula:

where N is the number of sidings on the site,

L - length of the section (distance),

P - distance between sidings.

We will take the number of arrows as 6 at each crossing, located in sections with AB and DC, in sections with PAB at each crossing - 5 arrows.

We enter the calculated data in Table 2.

Table 2 - Example calculation of the number of sidings and the number of switches

				Number of pages

1.2 Calculation of technical equipment of the distance

The technical equipment of a distance is the number of railway automation and telemechanics equipment available at the distance, expressed in technical units, the number of people servicing these devices and the time spent on this.

For each type of automation and telemechanics devices, a rating in points (technical units) is established.

One technical unit of equipment (1 point) is the sum of devices, the maintenance of which requires the labor of one person for a month.

An example of calculating the point value of section A-B:

AB:

,

where 211 km is the number of devices (in this case, km AB);

10 km - unit of measurement;

1.83 - the number of points per unit for an AB 4-digit 2-track 1st category railway line.

EC:

,

where 330pp. - the number of EC switches at intermediate stations and sidings and precinct stations of a given section;

10 km - unit of measurement;

1.4 - the number of points per unit for a simple arrow on category 1 railway line.

Moving from AS:

Similarly, we calculate the intensity at all sections and stations.

We record the obtained data in table 1.1

Table 2 - Calculation of distance points

	Name devices	Quantity devices	Unit	Number of points
				per unit
	Arrows EC
	AB 2-track 3-digit
	Linear devices DC and DC
			10 sets
			1 kit
			10 moves
	APS without AS		10 moves
			set 2 ultrasonic devices
			10 speedometers
	GC arrows
	Carriage retarders of the main type (VZPG)		1 retarder
	Compress. installations		1 compressor
Total for section A-B-C-D
	Arrows EC
			1 control circle
	Linear devices DC and DC
			10 sets
			1 kit
			10 moves
	APS without AS		10 moves
			set 2 ultrasonic devices
Total for section V-D-E
	Arrows EC
	Arrows MKU
	Linear devices DC and DC
			10 sets
			1 kit
			10 moves
	APS without AS		10 moves
Total for section G-Zh

Calculations have shown that the technical equipment of the distance in question is 155.36 technical units. A distance with a sum of equipment points of up to 200 technical units is assigned group IV.

distance signaling centralization blocking railway

1.3 Calculation of maintenance staff for signaling devices

Maintenance of automation and telemechanics devices is directly carried out by senior electromechanics (SHNS), electromechanics (SHN) and electricians (SHCM) under the leadership of the production section manager (SHCHU).

The number of technical personnel required to service individual automation and telemechanics devices is determined by the standard standards for the number of employees at railway signaling stations (Instruction No. 217r dated February 3, 2010). The standards indicate the number of units of equipment that can be serviced by one person.

For clear standardization of work, the need for electromechanics and electricians is calculated for each service facility (station, group of stages, etc.) according to standards.

Senior electrical engineers and site supervisors manage larger facilities. The number of objects included in their service area is practically determined not only by standards, but also by local conditions. Therefore, the staff of ShN and ShTsM is determined for each object or group of objects, and the staff of ShChU and ShNS is determined for the distance as a whole. The staff of the ShchU is determined not according to standards, but based on the size of the site, its technical equipment and local conditions.

It is most advisable to establish the boundaries of the production areas of ShChU and ShNS on a territorial basis, and not on a functional one (separately automatic blocking devices, separately electrical centralization, etc.).

When calculating the staff for servicing signaling devices, it is also necessary to take into account additional labor costs in areas with increased train traffic.

The definition of signaling and communication distance staff includes:

· calculation of the management staff;

· calculation of production and technical staff;

· calculation of the staff of the production maintenance base (PBTO), which includes: calculation of the staff of the repair and technological area (RTU); calculation of the emergency response staff of the signaling system; remote workshop; mechanization and vehicle brigades.

Table 4 - Calculation of production and technical staff for servicing signaling devices

	Job title	Meter		Number of meters	Number of persons
Section A-B-C-D
	senior electrician	electromechanic
	electromechanic	arrow with electric drive
	electrician	arrow with electric drive
	electromechanic	set
	electromechanic	set
	electromechanic
AB 2-track 3-digit	senior electrician	electromechanic
	electromechanic
	electrician
	senior electrician	electromechanic
With AS and UZP	electromechanic
	electrician
	electromechanic
	electrician
	senior electrician
EC devices	electromechanic
	electrician
Automatic dissolution of trains	electromechanic	speedometer
	electrician
Car retarders (main)	electromechanic	moderator
	electrician	moderator
		moderator
Section A-D-E
	senior electrician	electromechanic
	electromechanic	arrow with electric drive
	electrician	arrow with electric drive
	electromechanic	set
	electromechanic
	electromechanic	set
	electromechanic
	senior electrician	electromechanic
With AS and UZP	electromechanic
	electrician
	electromechanic
	electrician
Section G-Z
	senior electrician	electromechanic
	electromechanic	arrow with electric drive
	electrician	arrow with electric drive
	electromechanic	MKU arrows
	electrician	MKU arrows
	senior electrician	electromechanic
	electromechanic
	electrician
	electromechanic	set
	electromechanic	set
	electromechanic
	senior electrician	electromechanic
	electromechanic
	electrician
	electromechanic
	electrician
	senior electrician
	electromechanic
	electrician
	section chief

Table 5 - Calculation of labor and safety staff

Names of brigades and devices	Job title	Meter		Number of meters	Number of persons
	senior electrician	electromechanic and electrician
	electromechanic	arrow with electric drive
	electrician	arrow with electric drive
AB 2-track 3-digit	electromechanic
	electrician
Route control devices	electromechanic	MKU arrow
	electrician	MKU arrow
	electromechanic
	electrician
	electromechanic
	electrician
	electromechanic
	electrician
APS with UZP	electromechanic
	electrician
	electromechanic	arrow, lander
	electrician
	electromechanic	arrow, lander
	electrician
	senior electrician
	electromechanic
	electrician

1.4 Calculation of administrative staff for the distance

Table 6 - Administrative and managerial staff of the distance

Serial number	Job title	Quantity workers	Main responsibilities for this position	Possible combination of positions
	Head of the signaling station		Provides direct management of the enterprise's activities; organizes the work of the enterprise and directs the activities of structural divisions to the development of production, the widespread introduction of new equipment and advanced technology; ensures the development of the production base, expansion, reconstruction and technical re-equipment of the enterprise; controls the timeliness of payments to the budget, fulfillment of obligations to banks, customers, suppliers and other enterprises; takes measures to strengthen labor and production discipline.
	Deputy head of the distance for signaling		Provides operational and technical management of the work of all operational staff servicing signaling devices; works to improve the operational maintenance and repair of devices The signaling system is in full accordance with the PTE and instructions; organizes the work to implement annual plans overhaul of signaling devices and plans to improve their reliability; controls and carries out activities aimed at mastering advanced labor methods; controls the implementation of instructions aimed at ensuring the safety of train traffic in accordance with existing technical standards and requirements for signaling devices.	Head of the course
	Chief Engineer		Solves issues technical improvement signaling devices, prepares initial data for the design of signaling devices, occupational health and safety, electrical and fire safety, monitors their implementation; takes direct part in resolving issues related to the scientific organization of labor, the introduction of progressive production methods, invention and rationalization; develops annual capital repair plans and a plan to improve the reliability of signaling devices; resolves issues of industrial aesthetics, compliance with industrial sanitation standards; ensures continuous improvement of training and advanced training of personnel in accordance with the requirements of scientific and technological progress.	Head of production area
	Labor engineer		Develops draft long-term and annual plans for the wage fund, labor productivity and number of employees, taking into account the most rational use labor resources, takes part in the development of regulations on bonuses for employees of the enterprise; participates in drawing up a plan for socio-economic development; makes proposals for finding reserves for increasing labor productivity and reducing production costs; exercises control over the expenditure of the wage fund; draws up explanatory notes for annual labor reports; participates in the development of measures to improve and improve economic performance.
	Labor safety engineer		Monitors compliance at enterprises with legislation, norms and labor protection rules; checks and takes measures to eliminate deficiencies in the provision of working clothes, safety footwear and personal protective equipment in accordance with the issuance standards; controls the implementation of measures to create healthy and safe working conditions and prevent occupational injuries; participates in the development of labor protection instructions, in the equipment of safety rooms and corners; conducts an analysis of industrial injuries and occupational diseases and participates in the development of measures to prevent them; draws up occupational safety and health reports in a timely manner; conducts introductory briefings to employees of the enterprise; studies and summarizes advanced methods of organizing work on labor protection and implements them in production.	Deputy head of HR department
	Deputy head of HR department		Manages the staffing and placement of personnel within the staffing schedule; studies the qualitative composition of distance workers and takes measures to improve their qualifications, determines the range of specialists subject to regular and re-certification; controls the preparation of documents for the hiring, dismissal and relocation of distance workers in accordance with current legislation, timely completion of medical examinations, compliance by all distance workers with internal labor regulations, timely preparation of vacation schedules; analyzes and records staff turnover; takes direct part in considering complaints and suggestions from distance workers	Labor engineer
	Secretary		Receives and registers incoming correspondence using registration cards or computer processing, in accordance with the resolutions of the heads of the enterprise or its divisions, transmits documents for execution; monitors the passage of documents, monitors their implementation; issues the necessary certificates on registered documents; sends completed documentation to recipients; keeps records of received and sent correspondence; systematizes and stores documents from the current archive; prepares and submits documents completed by office work to the enterprise archive; ensures the safety of ongoing official documentation.

1.5 Construction of a structural diagram of the distance

The organizational structure diagram clearly represents the distribution of responsibilities and the relationship of all divisions of the distance, as well as individual performers. The diagram is presented on sheet 1 of the graphic part.

2. Technical part

2.1 Characteristics of maintenance methods

The maintenance method is an organizational form of cooperation and division of labor among workers who directly service automation and telemechanics devices to ensure the reliable functioning of equipment.

All methods are divided into individual, group and combined.

The individual method involves dividing the serviced facility into small areas, in which the entire range of work is performed by an electrician and an electrician. A team consisting of an electrician and an electrician will be called a local team.

The group (brigade) method can be called an organizational form of combining three or more people serving big man and performing all maintenance operations. Usually the team composition does not exceed 6 people.

The combined (team-group) method is a form of personnel unification in which part of the work is performed individually (by local teams), and the other part by a team. At the same time, the team carries out a complex of operations that require the greatest qualifications, as well as special instruments and devices. Typically, such a centralized team is formed from RTU employees and services areas of 100-250 km.

Local brigade method. All group and combined forms of labor organization can, in turn, be divided into the following methods: local teams, integrated, centralized and rotational. The local brigade and integrated methods are used if service personnel live at intermediate small stations, and centralized and rotational ones are used if there is no local personnel or their staffing level is low.

The entire scope of maintenance and restoration of devices in the event of failures is carried out by local staff. The centralized RTU team is responsible only for accounting and delivery of equipment, and direct replacement is carried out by local staff. The condition for using this method is that the local staff is staffed and distributed fairly evenly along the railway line.

Ensuring prompt elimination of failures in non-functional work time within the site, the senior electrician is organized by the duty of one of the workers at home.

Complex method. All work is divided into two groups, one of which is carried out by local teams, and the other by a centralized team (independently or with the involvement of local teams).

The condition for the application of the complex method is the presence of roads along the line on the site, providing the possibility of access to the signal points of the route or the possibility of organizing guaranteed movement of the railcar according to the schedule, as well as the concentration (accommodation) of workers of the centralized team near the reference station.

The centralized team has a special workplace at the production and technical base of the distance or at the base of the linear production site and is provided with a specialized vehicle.

Prompt elimination of failures during non-working hours is organized by local teams working at home.

Centralized method. All or most of the maintenance work on devices at several stations and stages is performed by a centralized team based at the reference station. If there are workers at individual small stations, they perform some of the maintenance work and restore the devices.

A centralized team, in accordance with the schedule, travels around all stations and signal points of hauls to carry out scheduled work, work to replace devices and improve reliability, eliminate failures, etc. Depending on local conditions (train traffic intensity, distance of workers’ housing from the station) at the reference station organize shift duty of electricians (duty and restoration staff) to ensure prompt elimination of failures at the site, allocating a car to this team, or establish duty at home.

Unlike other maintenance methods, in which one of the fundamental principles for constructing process schedules is the strict distribution of work by day of the week (each job of a 4-week schedule has its own day), with the centralized method, it is not the work that is tied to the days of the week, but objects - stations and hauls. This is caused

Because with centralized service, a team can visit only 1-2 stations in one day.

Within one week, the corresponding set of works must be completed at all sites of the brigade.

Shift method. A promising form of labor organization when servicing devices in sparsely populated areas over long distances is the rotation method.

The essence of the rotation method is that it involves performing work in remote and newly developed areas by regularly changing units (shifts) that permanently reside in populated areas. With a shift method work force operates in the system "base city (village) - rotation camp - workplace." The personnel live in the base city, and during the shift period they move to a rotation camp, which is located in close proximity to the workplace.

Personnel concentrated in a large populated area and assigned to a specific area are divided into two parts (teams), the workers of which alternately stay at small stations of the area during the shift period. If the shift period is 7 days, then the workers of the first team, led by a senior electrician, live at the stations of the site for a week (1-2 people per station), perform maintenance on devices and eliminate failures. At this time, the workers of the second brigade are on a week's rest at the support (base) station. The next week the teams switch places.

The advantage of the rotation method is that it allows you to organize the maintenance of devices in uninhabited areas without creating a permanent population there, as well as increase labor productivity by reducing the loss of working time. Compared to the centralized maintenance method, the gain in labor productivity will be even greater, since the rotation method does not require daily trips from the reference station to the work site, which are time-consuming and cause additional fatigue for personnel.

The rotation method should involve highly qualified workers who are able to independently navigate in a difficult environment and have high moral qualities.

Industrial method. The industrial method is the most progressive form of organizing the technological process of servicing and repairing signaling and communication devices. This method covers all aspects of signaling and communication distances, and its implementation requires comprehensive development of production, improvement of all elements of the maintenance and repair system.

Industrialization of production is one of the most important features of technical progress, determining modern society level of labor productivity and product quality. In the signaling and communications industry, the main features of industrialization are the mechanization of production, its concentration and specialization, which ultimately ensures the achievement of the main goal: increasing the reliability of devices, increasing labor productivity, increasing train safety, and improving social conditions.

Thus, the industrial method requires comprehensive improvement of the work of distances in the following areas:

Improving the distance control system:

development of the production base of the distance, where the repair of removable equipment is concentrated, which ensures the requirement for specialization of repairs, unification of repair technological processes within the distance, improves its quality, while expanding the fleet of vehicles, mechanisms and machine equipment, which allows mechanization of labor-intensive work;

introduction of progressive service methods based on team work organization;

introduction of standard technological processes for maintenance and repair, taking into account the use of small-scale mechanization, improvement of measuring instruments, tools and devices;

introduction of technical training tools, especially simulators, which should help eliminate errors during work and develop skills for quickly finding and eliminating failures;

the use of standardized schedules that allow rational planning of maintenance and reduction of unproductive time;

improving the system of material and moral incentives.

The goal of social distance development is to reduce staff turnover, attract qualified workers, and reduce the incidence of workers. The means to achieve these goals are: improving the organization and working conditions; provision of housing and preschool institutions; labor stimulation; maintaining a healthy moral and psychological climate in the team; improving the qualifications of employees; improving organizational and educational work with young people to secure them in enterprises.

The introduction of the industrial method is a gradual long-term process, which reflects the level of distance work, activity, creativity and business qualities its leaders.

2.2 Selecting a method for maintaining devices on site

Choosing the most effective maintenance method for a particular facility should be considered one of the main tasks of distance management, since the results of the site’s operation for many years depend on the correctness of its solution.

First of all, criteria are established by which different options for service methods can be compared. These include: criteria affecting the level of reliability; labor productivity; working and living conditions; economic.

Distance reliability criteria:

the possibility of more rational use of qualified workers;

degree of personal responsibility of performers.

Distance labor productivity criteria:

the possibility of reducing the overall labor intensity of maintenance;

the possibility of combining professions.

Criteria for working and living conditions of the distance:

the possibility of concentrating staff residences at large stations.

Economic distance criteria:

possibility of spending on vehicles.

In addition to these criteria, the distance has a number of factors and limitations. They can be divided into three groups: amenable to change, difficult to change and unchangeable.

Variable distance factors:

insufficient availability of highly qualified personnel.

Difficult to change distance factors:

staff residence is concentrated at large stations;

sufficient availability of transport means;

availability of a powerful repair and technological area.

Unchangeable distance factors:

availability of vehicle access to the facilities on the site;

availability of diagnostic tools.

A feature of electrical centralization of stations is the territorial concentration of objects. When servicing such ECs, a brigade form of labor organization is used. The brigade carries out maintenance and repair of EC devices at the station or a designated area, which is the brigade’s site. Work is carried out according to the four-week and annual schedules of the technological process, provided for by the Instructions for the maintenance of signaling devices (TsSh - 720). In addition, the team eliminates failures and malfunctions, and also carries out work to improve the reliability and modernization of EC devices at its site.

The team can consist of 4-7 people, depending on the technical equipment of the site. The work of the team is supervised by a senior electromechanic or an electromechanic - a team leader who organizes the work and is directly involved in the technical maintenance of devices. In operational terms, the brigade employees are also subordinate to the distance engineer on duty.

When implementing a team method, a certain difficulty is caused by the nature of assigning devices to performers. It is necessary to ensure personal responsibility for the performance of work and the condition of devices and to use the interchangeability of workers and management flexibility. Various options for distributing devices between team members are possible: rigid, partial fastening and the absence of any fastening. Partial fastening is preferable, since with rigid fastening some of the advantages of the team method are lost. If there is no securing of devices, then planning and monitoring the execution of work becomes more difficult.

Partial assignment of signaling devices to individual employees increases responsibility for the quality of work and ensures clarity in the organization of work when implementing plans and maintenance schedules. In this case, partial consolidation involves the distribution of devices among all team members according to two options: main and backup. In the main option, the team works in full force and carries out planned work. With the backup option, the functions of the absent employee can be performed by another member of the team, which ensures the interchangeability of performers and the flexibility of the organization. Individual employees may also be assigned special functions: supply, workplace maintenance, documentation maintenance, work with representatives of other services, etc.

Other forms of work distribution are also possible. For example, the team leader distributes labor-intensive work, as well as work to improve reliability and modernize devices, among team members or organizes specialized groups. Such groups can participate in the centralized replacement of devices at the electrical center post together with the workers of the repair and technological section, as well as in the centralized repair and replacement of switch electric drives.

Device failures that occur during working hours are eliminated by employees of the relevant teams. Prompt elimination of failures during non-working hours can be ensured in two ways: by organizing shift duty of electricians at the electrical center post according to a standard four-shift schedule or by being on duty at home. The required option is selected taking into account the intensity of train traffic, the number of devices, and the place of residence of electricians.

2.3 Dispatcher control of the signaling distance

A necessary condition for ensuring the normal operation of the signaling distance in modern conditions is the organization of dispatch management operational work, which is carried out on the basis of the Regulations on the distance manager and dispatcher management of the technical maintenance and repair of railway automation and telemechanics devices.

Dispatch management is carried out by a dispatcher, the main functions are: control over the exact implementation of work rules; monitoring the timeliness and completeness of implementation of maintenance schedules; organizing failure elimination and monitoring the implementation of measures to prevent failures; control over the implementation of orders and regulations on train safety.

The most important requirement when working on maintenance, repair and elimination of device failures is the unconditional provision of train safety. The task of the distance manager is to monitor compliance with the rules when performing work that requires turning off devices with and without saving the use of signals; carried out without turning off the devices with the consent of the station duty officer and with a preliminary entry in the inspection log; carried out with the consent of the station duty officer without an entry in the inspection log.

A necessary condition for the reliable operation of devices is timely maintenance and repair work in accordance with current instructions. The dispatcher monitors the timeliness and completeness of the four-week and annual maintenance schedules. He notes the actual completion of these works on the control schedule (for four-week and annual schedules separately). Work related to ensuring the safety of train traffic should be under special control. The dispatcher keeps operational records of the work performed to improve reliability, overhaul and prepare devices for winter. Implementation of operational plans by production site managers, control checks of linear sections by distance management. And in cases of failure to comply on time, the dispatcher notifies the head of the relevant section and the heads of the distance. He periodically tests the knowledge of electricians and electricians on the rules for performing maintenance work.

A large role belongs to the dispatcher in ensuring the prompt elimination of failures and their prevention. The distance manager, having received notification of a malfunction of the devices, makes an entry in the log of the form ШУ - 78, controls the organization of elimination of failures and, if necessary, informs the duty personnel of the track distance or power section and reports to the management of the signaling system distance and the duty engineer of the road management. The signaling distance manager transmits operational data on disruptions in the operation of signaling devices caused by other services to the relevant departments and informs the train dispatcher of the reason for the failures that caused train delays. Along with performing the listed functions, the dispatcher keeps records of the availability of emergency recovery stock of equipment, materials and instruments and authorizes its use; monitors the timely elimination of deficiencies identified by device inspections; communication with the place of restoration work is organized and other decisions are made...

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The management of the Perovskaya distance signaling system is carried out by the head of the distance (SH), appointed and dismissed by the head of the railway on the proposal of the head of the department in agreement with the railway automation and telemechanics service in the manner established by JSC Russian Railways. ShCh organizes the work of the distance and directs the activities of structural divisions to the development of production, the widespread introduction of new equipment based on the rational and effective use of technical and material means with a guarantee of traffic safety. Resolves all production and economic issues within the limits of the rights granted to him.

The head of the distance has deputies (deputy ShCh), appointed and dismissed by the head of the department in agreement with the railway telemechanics automation service. The duties of the head of the course during his absence are performed by one of his deputies in accordance with the distribution of responsibilities between the head of the course and his deputies.

The head of the distance in his activities is directly subordinate to the head of the Automation and Telemechanics Service of the Moscow Railway and the head of the Moscow-Ryazan branch of the Moscow Railway.

Currently, the organizational structure of the Perovskaya Distance SCB has developed according to the type of linear-functional structures. The organizational structure of the Perovskaya SCB distance is presented in Appendix 5. The structure has line managers (chief and deputy heads of the distance (deputy ShCh)) and functional (chief accountant, engineering and technical workers (E&T)).

All divisions of production preparation and development of new equipment, as well as the technical and economic group, are subordinate to the chief engineer of the distance (SHCH). ShChG ensures a constant increase in the level of technical preparation of production, its efficiency and a reduction in material, financial and labor costs for the production of work, their high quality and reliability. Monitors compliance with rules and regulations on labor protection for workers.

The deputy heads of the distance work directly with the maintenance schedule, influencing the teams through the heads of production areas (SChU). The distance deputy approves and controls the execution of the schedule on a monthly basis:

Personal checks

Through the signaling distance manager,

Through the station attendants,

Using APK DK (hardware and software complex for dispatch control).

Heads of production areas (SCHU) provide maintenance, repair and uninterrupted operation of devices in assigned areas, directly supervise senior electromechanics (SES) on ensuring the safety of train traffic, maintenance and repair of devices, strengthening labor and production discipline in the team. Coordinates equipment maintenance schedules and analyzes labor costs for each type of work. Supervises the execution of seniors

electromechanics checking the compliance of existing devices with approved technical documentation with the provision of practical assistance. According to the plans approved by the management of the distance, he conducts technical classes with employees of his section and tests their knowledge, and also trains employees of other services in the rules of using signaling devices.

Senior electromechanics (SEMS) supervise teams (electromechanics, electricians and vehicle drivers) that directly carry out the process of technical maintenance of devices. ShNS ensure good condition, trouble-free and reliable operation of the serviced devices and equipment, their correct operation, timely high-quality repairs and modernization in accordance with maintenance instructions, approved drawings and diagrams, current technical conditions and standards. Studies the operating conditions of devices, identifies the causes of premature wear, takes measures to prevent and eliminate them.

The dispatcher (DSP) is the operational manager of the distance in organizing the maintenance and repair of signaling devices and restoring their operation in the event of malfunctions and failures. The head controller reports to the head of the distance or his deputy. The heads of production areas, senior electromechanics, electromechanics, electricians, drivers of motor vehicles and railcars are promptly subordinate to the ShCh dispatcher. His orders concerning the organization of restoration of the normal operation of signaling devices, the use of vehicles and mechanisms, the safety stock of equipment and materials are mandatory for execution by the listed personnel. Only the course leaders can cancel the dispatcher’s order.

Staff of the Perovskaya Distance Central Bureau: 244 people, incl. operation - 223 people.