The selection of OKVED codes when filling out an application for registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC may seem like a real stumbling block to the applicant. Some professional registrars even list this service as a separate line in their price list. In fact, the selection of OKVED codes should be given a very modest place in the list of actions of a novice businessman.
If you still encounter difficulties with the selection of codes, then you can get a free consultation on OKVED, but for the sake of completeness, including familiarization with the risks associated with the selection of codes, we recommend that you read this article to the end.
What are OKVED codes
OKVED codes are statistical information intended to inform government bodies what exactly does the new entity plan to do entrepreneurial activity. The codes are indicated according to a special document - the All-Russian Classifier of Economic Activities, which gave the name to the abbreviation "OKVED".
In 2020, only one edition of the classifier is valid - OKVED-2(another name is OKVED-2014 or OK 029-2014 (NACE rev. 2)). Classifiers of editions OKVED-1 (other name OKVED-2001 or OK 029-2001 (NACE Rev. 1)) and OKVED-2007 or OK 029-2007 (NACE Rev. 1.1) became invalid from January 1, 2017.
If the applicant enters the codes of the wrong Classifier in the application, he will be denied registration, so be careful! Those who will fill out an application using our service do not need to worry, we have timely replaced OKVED-1 with OKVED-2. Documents will be filled out correctly.
When choosing OKVED codes, you must also take into account that certain types of activities require licensing, we have given a list of them in the article.
OKVED structure
The OKVED classifier is a hierarchical list of activities, divided into sections with Latin letter designations from A to U. This is how the structure looks sections of OKVED 2:
OKVED sections:
- Section A. Agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing and fish farming
- Section D. Provision of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning
- Section E. Water supply; wastewater disposal, organization of collection and disposal of waste, activities for the elimination of pollution
Allocate
- Economic. This is a kind of state policy aimed at changing economic processes in the right direction. The subjects of such a policy (they also act as its executors) are the state itself, authorities at all levels, as well as various unions and associations that are not related to state structures. The implementation of the economic policy of the state is carried out by various branches of government. Submission for discussion and approval of its main directions takes place in the parliament. In turn, the Government is responsible for its implementation, distributing certain tasks to all relevant bodies.
- Social. This type is aimed at regulating the totality of relationships in society. Who is social policy aimed at?
- Family members.
- Representatives of various nationalities, classes and groups.
- On the interaction between families, nationalities, groups and classes.
Social policy "flows" from economic policy. In conditions market economy it has a goal - to satisfy all the urgent needs of the representatives of society. This allows for peace in society. Without economic growth, there will be no opportunity for the functioning of the market economy, as well as for smoothing out the conflicts that arise in society.
- Cultural. Is a component social policy. It is aimed at ensuring that those mechanisms that ensure the continuity of certain actions work. In other words, this is a specific type of activity to influence a person, which aims to form a certain worldview in her. It is through the prism of the latter that a person perceives and evaluates the surrounding reality.
The main objectives of the cultural state policy:
- To develop and introduce into society certain ideals and values that reflect the concept of humanism.
- To develop in each citizen the criteria for an adequate assessment of the events taking place around him.
- Install feedback, and on its basis to correct the decisions already made.
- Preserve the features and specifics of national culture.
- To provide guarantees for all sections of society of the breadth of choice of cultural values, as well as their accessibility.
- Demographic. It is a set of measures implemented by state institutions and non-profit organizations aimed at controlling and / or changing the current situation in the field of demography. It is implemented in three main areas:
- Strengthen the health, and consequently, the life expectancy of the population.
- Control migration processes and, if necessary, regulate them.
- Support and preservation social institution families, stimulating the birth rate.
- National. A special type of state policy, which is a set of measures and tools to ensure dialogue between representatives of various nations and ethnic groups, taking into account and realizing national interests. The authorities implementing this type of policy form a certain attitude towards the divergence of national interests in the society. There is also a constant search for new solutions for favorable ways of interaction between the subjects of interethnic relations.
- Military. This area is not independent. It directly depends on the course of foreign and domestic policy. The task of the state here is to ensure the formation and functioning of military structure. If necessary, mobilize funds to protect the population and national interests.
- Youth. This is a set of measures of a different nature (economic, regulatory, personnel, informational, scientific, etc.) to ensure the possibility of self-realization among young people, as well as to increase their level of potential to achieve a certain social status. In other words, this area provides young people with the desire to acquire knowledge, conduct healthy lifestyle life, getting a prestigious job, etc. In the process of its implementation, there is continuous interaction with citizens and institutions of civil society.
- Ecological. This area state activities aimed at establishing an understanding of the current environmental situation in certain territory and water areas, and the associated effects and disadvantages. In a global sense, it is a set of measures and methods for influencing the environment.
- Personnel. It is designed to provide the country with qualified employees. For this, a whole strategy of the state's work with workers at all levels is being developed in order to fully and rationally realize the country's human resources potential.
Allocate
- Internal. It is represented by a whole set of directions. To put it simply, it is designed to preserve the existing social and political system, or reform it if necessary.
- foreign policy. Direction of activities to establish relationships with other countries; political course in international affairs.
Allocate
- State policy. it overall plan actions of various state bodies aimed at solving issues important for the citizens of the country. Includes such elements as the development of a political strategy, the definition of a priority direction for the development of society, etc.
- Party politics. A party is an organized group of citizens. They are passionate about one idea and pursue goals that correspond to the interests of certain segments of the population.
- Politics public organizations and movements. This is also a voluntary association of citizens, but it does not apply to state bodies. Sometimes for such organizations the concept of the “third sector” (public) is used as an addition to the public and private.
Types
- modernization policy. This is the process of changing the existing political structure of society due to the fact that each of its members can influence the adoption of certain government decisions. This term is applied to those countries that are making the transition from a traditional society to a modern one.
- policy of national reconciliation. It is aimed at finding ways and solutions to resolve the disagreements and conflicts that have arisen in society in a peaceful way. Based on peace negotiations.
- "Great Leap Forward" policy. It implies two directions: industrialization and collectivization. The first involves the accelerated creation of the foundations of heavy industry in order to strengthen defense complex countries. But the needs of the population are ignored. The second is based on the same accelerated creation of only peasant economic associations. In post-revolutionary times, this was called "dispossession".
Varieties
- Local. What is it like? The way that exists in a particular organization or municipality.
- Regional. It applies to individual administrative-territorial divisions (republics, territories, regions). It is called upon to ensure the most rational distribution of forces to equalize the standard of living of the population.
- National. Guidance for authorities (in particular, this concerns the executive branch). Directs their activities, and ensures legitimacy and compliance with social customs.
- International. Its subjects are independent state entities that interact with each other.
- World (global level). Acts as a factor regulating international relations. They, in turn, change and also change the character and its direction.
The spheres of human activity are very extensive. But they can be conditionally divided into commercial and non-commercial. That is, the activity brings income or is it just a hobby for the soul.
Someone will say: "An artist and a football player do what they love and get paid for it." However, unlike a football player, while the artist is painting, he is doing what he loves without financial gain.
The activity of the artist becomes commercial only from the moment when he begins to sell his works and receive income from this. Therefore, this type of activity can be called non-commercial only conditionally.
Definition of commercial and non-commercial areas of activity
How to determine whether a particular type of activity is commercial? For this there is the federal law Russian Federation. Law "On non-profit organizations" all aspects are covered, Related non-commercial activities organizations, as well as types of commercial activities allowed for such organizations.
commercial types activities are listed in All-Russian Classifier Types of Economic Activities ().
So, the first thing every entrepreneur must do to open his own enterprise or organization is decide on the type of activity. After all, this is the foundation of a successful business.
OKVED is a fundamental document for starting any business.
In it, activities are divided into hierarchical six-level system:
- First level are sections. There are seventeen of them. In the classifier, they are indicated by capital letters of the Latin alphabet. However, when assigning a code to an activity, the letters are replaced by two-digit numbers. For example, Agriculture, hunting and forestry - this is section A, the types of activities included in it 01.xx.xx; Fishing, fish farming - section B - activities 05.xx.xx; Construction - section F - 45.xx.xx, etc.
- Second level- subsections. There are in each section, but in two they are highlighted. They have a letter designation consisting of two capital letters of the Latin alphabet. When coding activities, both letters are replaced by two-digit numbers. For example, the section Extraction of minerals is indicated by the letter C, and its subsections: Extraction of fuel and energy minerals is indicated by SA, the types of activities included in it - 10.xx.xx - 12.xx.xx; Extraction of minerals, except for fuel and energy - NE, types of activities - 13.xx.xx - 14.xx.xx.
- Third - sixth levels do not have letters. The types of activities in them are indicated by numbers. That is, the first two digits correspond to a section or subsection, and then the serial numbers of the items, according to the lists within each section (subsection).
The choice of activities according to OKVED is described in the following video material:
That is, after defining the business idea, it must be correctly classified according to OKVED. This will help you choose the right system of taxation. That, in turn, will reduce losses and, possibly, even increase income.
Now let's decide with a degree of risk. Its value depends on the qualitative indicators of the idea, namely:
- Demand- shows how much this product or service is in demand.
- Competitiveness- characterizes the advantages of your products over competitors.
- Logistics- a quantitative indicator that characterizes the cost of delivering raw materials and consumables to your address, as well as the delivery of finished products to the consumer.
- "Zest"- this is not an indicator, but a statement of the presence or absence of some component that is unique to your product.
- Payback- this indicator shows how long your costs can pay off.
After spending comparative analysis ideas according to these criteria, you can easily determine the most profitable option and proceed with its implementation with greater confidence.
Type of activity for the future organization
Let's take a closer look possible activities future enterprise.
If you have not yet registered an organization, then the easiest do it with online services, which will help you generate all the necessary documents for free: If you already have an organization, and you are thinking about how to facilitate and automate accounting and reporting, then the following online services come to the rescue, which will completely replace an accountant in your enterprise and save a lot money and time. All reporting is generated automatically, signed electronic signature and sent automatically online. It is ideal for an individual entrepreneur or LLC on the simplified tax system, UTII, PSN, TS, OSNO.
Everything happens in a few clicks, without queues and stress. Try it and you will be surprised how easy it got!
Production
It is characterized by the release of finished products or raw materials. The most costly type of business. The longest payback period. Everything is simple here. We determine the products that are most in demand, produced by the least number of competitors, for its production it is easy to get raw materials. We come up with a zest and “Voila” - your business is ready and brings income.
Services
It is characterized by the provision of various kinds of assistance to customers. From home renovations and household appliances, to stand in line for you. This is the least expensive type of business. Costs may vary depending on the service. Most of them will be in the field of repair. It cannot be done efficiently and quickly without necessary tools. The smallest - in the delivery service. I took it on foot, rode my bike, at most I spent money on a taxi (and that is included in the delivery price).
Intelligent Manufacturing
Release of various kinds of products of mental labor. Starting from articles and anecdotes, and ending with serious and expensive research. If you do something simple, without outside help, then the costs, in this case, are only temporary. But to make a serious project alone is beyond the power of any person. Therefore, co-authors will have to pay. And these costs can no longer be called pennies. But even if you manage to find enthusiasts who are ready to wait for a long time for profit for the work already done, it's still very hard.
Foreign economic activity
That is, activities related to the impact and influence on the external space and competitors. On a national scale, this is trade with other states, access to the international market for goods or investments. On a firm scale, this is an activity aimed at influencing competitors by managing secondary features. It may just be buying products from suppliers. Or maybe the promotion of bills that improve the conditions for one, but, accordingly, diametrically worsen the conditions for their competitors.
As can be seen from the description, there are a great many types of activities of enterprises.
Most promising areas
At present, the most promising IT technology market. It's no secret that every day we are increasingly moving our interests into cyberspace. At the moment, exchanges, games, social networks are widespread in this type of business, which bring enormous income to their owners. As an example, here we can cite Pavel Durov, the creator of social network"In contact with".
In our age of globalization, it is quite acute waste disposal problem. This production cannot be called environmentally friendly. However, with the proper level of investment in treatment facilities, this issue is removed. And there remains a fairly high percentage of profitability, with a fairly short payback period for capital expenditures.
Distance learning certainly is a serious competitor to the traditional system of education. Its main advantage is accessibility. To start learning, it is enough to have the Internet and a device for receiving webinars or at least mailing lists from teachers.
AT production activities there are always many rivals. Only those who constantly develop can withstand competition. This can be expressed in different ways. Some hire young progressive designers, innovative engineers, and so on. Others commission studies that help them stay competitive and often become leaders in their industry. For example, the AvtoVAZ concern hired Steve Mattin as chief designer. Here we see another development option - to hire a well-known specialist. For the leader of the domestic automobile industry, which has not changed anything fundamentally in its products for many decades, the appearance of such a specialist is an innovation. Another example is Volkswagen, which won this year's prestigious award for the largest investment in research.
However, given the high cost research work, not everyone can afford such pleasure. Most often, these are large state or international corporations. Organizations of this magnitude are found in various industries (Philips, Adidas), in the aerospace industry (NASA, JAXA, RKK Energia), the energy sector (Amoco, Neftegaz), metallurgy (Arcelormittal, British Steel), etc.
Type of ownership
There is another important aspect of the company's activity - it is type of ownership. That is, who owns the enterprise, who owns the property under its management.
On this basis, enterprises are divided into:
- Private, which in turn are divided into a single one - management and property belong to one person (for example, their own or family farm); partnership - management and property belongs to a group of persons (both legal entities and individuals) on the basis of their equity participation (for example, a small private company); corporate - management and property belongs to everyone who has shares - these are joint-stock companies.
- Public or unitary. characteristic feature of this type of enterprises is that they manage property that does not belong to them, but is transferred by the owners to temporary management. If the property belongs to the state, then it is - state organization. If - to a society or association, then - municipal.
- Mixed.
Public organizations are created only to solve certain problems. For state it could be: elimination of a threat to the security of the state, elimination of unrest in social sphere, production of strategic goods, research in areas that affect the interests of the state, etc.
I. Depending on the field of activity in the proposed classification allocate economic, organizational, technical, communicative management decisions.
Economic Solutions are designed to answer the following questions:
what to produce?
How many products will be sold?
What level of production costs is optimal?
At what price should the finished product be sold?
What economic benefits will production give to the investor and society as a whole?
Organizational solutions involve solving the problems of organizing production and provide answers to the following questions:
Where should production be located geographically?
· what kind industrial premises will be required for the organization of production?
What are the staffing needs?
At the same time, organizational decisions should contain specific measures to meet the production needs of the enterprise.
Technical managerial decisions solve the problem of choosing a production technology, technical equipment of the company's production units and their improvement.
Communicative decisions involve measures to establish, maintain and improve the relationship of the organization with the subjects external environment, as well as the organization of links between elements organizational structure the enterprise itself.
II. Based on the duration and impact on development prospects, operational, tactical and strategic.
Operational solutions play a corrective role directly in the course of the enterprise's production activities, solving problems that suddenly arise and cannot be delayed.
Tactical management decisions, as a rule, are focused on the short and medium term and problems of an industrial and technical nature. Strategic management decisions are designed to ensure that the organization fulfills its mission and, due to this, its survival in the face of fierce competition.
III. By goals distinguish commercial and non-commercial management decisions. Commercial decisions involve the implementation of actions aimed at achieving a certain economic effect: an increase in turnover, an increase in gross income or profit, etc. Management decisions non-profit nature do not directly pursue economic goals. They are usually aimed at creating a social image of the company, social development municipal or regional community within which the organization operates, solving problems of protection environment, improvement of working conditions and rest of employees, as well as the development of non-profit activities of the organization.
IV. Depending on the type of decision maker and organization of generation collective or individual(personal). The priority of certain decisions in a particular organization is determined by the style of leadership, the degree of centralization of the organizational structure and management, the available time budget for making and implementing a management decision.
V. Degree of uniqueness management decisions allows you to talk about routine(uncreative) and unique(creative) solutions. In the activities of any organization, there are both frequently recurring, standard situations, and new non-standard problems. To overcome recurring problems, it is necessary to develop standard procedures, the complex of which is the content of routine (non-creative) management decisions. Non-standard problems require in each case the identification of constituent elements, existing restrictions, the development and analysis of a variety of feasible options for solving this problem, which gives the managerial decision a creative character.
VI. Completeness of initial information involves the division of management decisions into decisions made:
· under conditions of certainty
· at risk,
· under conditions of uncertainty.
The decision is made under conditions of certainty when the leader knows exactly the result of each of the alternative solutions. An example would be investing in certificates of deposit or government bonds.
The decision is taken at risk if the probability of all alternative solutions is known. In this case, the sum of the probabilities of all alternatives must be equal to one.
The decision is made under conditions of uncertainty when it is not possible to determine the likelihood of potential outcomes.
VII. Usually, when making a management decision, decision makers are based on intuition, judgment or rational choice. In accordance with the criterion of validity management decisions can be intuitive, judgmental and rational. In turn, management decisions based on judgment, depending on the nature of the people making the decision, are divided into balanced, impulsive, inert and risky.
VIII. By management rank or hierarchy level management decisions are divided into high, middle and low level solutions. AT modern organizations most decisions are made at the middle level. Often the solutions top level prepared and developed at the middle level of management.
IX. Depending on scale management decisions are divided into complex- designed to solve multifactorial problems with a complex internal structure, and private which are used in solving particular issues of the organization's activities.
X. Depending on direction management decisions on the objects of external or internal environment they are subdivided into external and internal solutions. At the same time, one should proceed from the fact that a managerial decision cannot change the factors of the external environment. An external management decision is designed to correct the organization's connections with the outside world in the interests of fulfilling the mission or achieving the goals of the organization.
Any company tries to please its customers. But getting a decent reputation in the market is not easy, especially for those who entered it not so long ago. It doesn't work out for everyone. "ITDom" succeeded.
From bolts and screws - "turnkey"
"ITiDom" (head office - in Nizhny Novgorod) has been operating for only four years, but the company has already established itself as a reliable partner in the IT industry. Without information systems today few people get by, and it is extremely important to choose a reliable supplier.
Elena Vladimirovna, if you were asked to name the main "reference points" of the company, what would you note?
Dynamic development, highly qualified employees, individual approach to customer requests, profitable terms supply and maintenance of various IT systems: servers, uninterruptible power systems, software, telecommunication systems, personal computers and components, devices for printing, copying and scanning, engineering systems, security systems, burglar alarms, video surveillance, etc.
Our clients already know: "ITDom" is a full range of services for the creation and maintenance of corporate information systems, regardless of the size of the organization.
The company "ITiDom" has own production, and we can assemble equipment much cheaper than well-known world brands. We produce personal computers under our own trademark "MIR", as well as video recorders "MAGNA". Our customers have almost no questions about service and assembly: more than ten thousand products account for less than 0.2% of service calls.
That is, figuratively speaking, from bolts and cogs - "turnkey"?
Yes, as I said, we provide a full range of services. The priority is an individual integrated approach.
What are you doing to make potential customers aware of your company?
We host webinars and face-to-face meetings, we organize business breakfasts and online training - the possibilities are many.
The financial turnover of the company is growing year by year. Due to what: an increase in the number of customers, more complex and, accordingly, more expensive orders? What's stopping you from growing faster?
Both factors play a role. There were more clients, tasks became more complicated. What's stopping us... Perhaps sanctions. Import substitution does not always satisfy the customer. Nevertheless, we expect ITDom's turnover to increase by 10-15 percent this year.
Today, almost any business unit - from a small office to a large corporation - uses an IT infrastructure. As a rule, it includes server hardware, network hardware, personal workstations, telephony, call center, video conferencing, server virtualization, applications and much more. ITDom is ready to offer comprehensive solutions for the modernization and deployment of IT infrastructure for businesses of any size. We conduct a full audit of the current technical condition and requirements for the IT infrastructure of the enterprise. We will help with the supply of systems of any complexity and configuration, we will give the necessary advice on the selection of the required equipment and software, we will provide qualified installation, installation and maintenance of equipment.
Service under warranty
Any device can fail. And here the warranty service provided by the manufacturer comes to the rescue. ITDom has a specialized service center for MIR and MAGNA products.
What are the benefits of warranty service in your center?
Our company provides maximum services for the convenience of customers. Specialists will repair the equipment either on site or in a service center. Advantages: prompt departure, fast diagnostics, removal and delivery of devices service center. Repair of PCs, MIR servers and MAGNA video recorders is carried out only with original components.
Can the product be withdrawn from warranty service?
In some cases, yes, if the defects are caused by a violation of the rules for its operation, storage or transportation, set out in the "User's Guide", mechanical damage that occurred after the transfer of the goods to the customer, removal of seals or markings from any part of the product. In addition, maintenance should only be carried out by our specialists and not by the customer or a third party. And, of course, force majeure circumstances (fire, elements, lightning, etc.) are taken into account. There are also a number of restrictions, which we always warn the customer about in advance.
Even stops are smart
Rostelecom presents its new development- "smart stop". At the end of last year, the first such stop appeared in Nizhny Novgorod, this year we presented the project at the Second Economic Forum in Saratov.
Many have heard about the benefits of "smart stop". Some have even seen and used. But few are aware that it was ITDom that implemented this decision...
Yes, we are directly related to the Smart Stop project. Its construction and "saturation" is our work. It is very pleasant that both citizens of Nizhny Novgorod, and Saratov, and guests of the cities were able to appreciate the capabilities of ITiDom.
Smart Stop is an innovative project for Russia. An electronic scoreboard shows the arrival time of the transport. The touch panel provides access to information services: city news and weather forecast. On the interactive map, you can see where the sights, hotels, restaurants, cafes are located and get directions. The pavilion is equipped WiFi hotspot, video surveillance and an emergency call button. It's easy to even order a taxi. Convenience, comfort, safety - this is how you can evaluate the main advantages of "smart stop". And the fact that we became a partner of the project speaks volumes.
How many "smart stops" have already been installed?
In Nizhny Novgorod - about a hundred. Negotiations are now underway with the leaders of Saratov and other regions.
Already have positive reviews?
One of the participants of the Saratov Forum expressed, it seems to me, the main idea when he spoke about equipping a “smart stop”. I will quote: “I was very pleased with the attitude towards the urban environment, which is demonstrated by ITDom. This gives us the opportunity to see the world in a new way, more interesting, bright, dynamic. Moreover, what is important: not only to apply modern technologies today, but also to think about tomorrow. I would like ITDom to help us in this in the future"
Hello, we are looking for talent!
A phrase from the category of "worn", but vital: "Cadres decide everything." No matter how banal it may seem, but practice has repeatedly convinced - it is.
At the beginning of the conversation, you mentioned the highly qualified specialists of your company. Where are you looking for footage?
We invite both experienced specialists in various IT fields and young talents - senior students and university graduates. Anyone has the opportunity to build a career in IT, master new technologies, study in Russia and abroad, and take part in major projects.
And what are your professionals capable of?
In short, we can: provide customers with effective tools in the field information technologies, to offer optimal solutions for business development, to help realize the existing potential.
Please continue the phrase: “We will solve all the issues of your company that relate to…”
- … technical equipment, support of electronic infrastructure, supplies and installation necessary for work electronic means communications.
We have accumulated extensive experience in the implementation of various projects, have earned the trust of customers in the regions of the Russian Federation, and have established ourselves as a reliable partner of the largest manufacturers of IT equipment and software.
"ITiDom" is always ready to offer products with the best combination of price and quality. We solve two interrelated tasks: we provide customers with the most optimal hardware and software solutions in the field of computer equipment, presentation and office equipment, as well as create and implement individual projects and solutions in the field of information technology.
What can you guarantee to employees?
Permanent Professional Development: the possibility of training, advanced training, the acquisition of practical experience in the operation of modern equipment, participation in trainings, seminars, conferences and exhibitions, career, bonuses and bonuses, full social package, compensation for working expenses ... You can list for a long time.
And, of course, the atmosphere in the team plays an important role. I can say with confidence: we have a wonderful team of purposeful and talented people!
