The housing issue in Russia remains one of the most pressing, especially for young families. Those who have the opportunity to buy an apartment or a residential building for wages can literally be counted on the fingers. Most turn to the bank for help. Today we will talk about subsidies for the repayment of mortgage loans - in particular, about what programs operate in our country, how to become a member of them and what you can count on.
Government subsidies for mortgage payments
State subsidies for mortgage payments are provided by three programs:
- "Housing";
- subprogram "Young family";
- "Housing for the Russian family".
"Dwelling"
The main reason for which the Government of the Russian Federation adopted Decree No. 1050 is the construction of affordable and at the same time high-quality housing. The advantage of this program is that it has the status of a federal one and, as a result, operates in all regions of the Russian Federation without exception.
“Dwelling” means residential complexes of economy class. The facilities meet energy efficiency requirements and are completely safe for people.
"Young family"
Young families are compensated up to 40% of the cost of housing. These funds can be used both for the direct repayment of the mortgage (payment of the existing loan), and for making a down payment (registration of a new loan). The rest can be paid in different ways:
- from own funds;
- from borrowed funds;
- at the expense of maternity (family) capital.
Almost all regions of Russia participate in the Young Family subprogramme.
"Housing for the Russian family"
"Housing for the Russian family" is a program to improve the living conditions of citizens with an average income level. In simple terms, its essence is the construction of inexpensive facilities.
Almost all regions of Russia participate in the "Housing for the Russian Family" program, as well as in the "Young Family" subprogramme.
Conditions for obtaining a state subsidy for paying a mortgage
You can become a member of the "Housing" program if you meet two conditions:
- age - up to 35 years;
- Russian citizenship;
And at least one of the following:
- unsatisfactory condition of housing;
- There is no housing at all.
Priority is given to:
- military personnel, law enforcement officers;
- Baikonur employees;
- those who carry out professional activities in the scientific field;
- immigrants from the Far North;
- people with health problems due to accidents at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and Mayak.
You can take part in the subprogram "Young Family" if:
- the age of both spouses does not exceed 35 years;
- or both spouses have Russian citizenship, or only one of them, but in the presence of a minor child;
- one person in the family has less than the area of housing established by law: for two people - 42 m 2, for three or more - 18 m 2 for each;
- the family has sufficient income to obtain a mortgage (each subject of the Russian Federation has its own standards).
Under the “Housing for a Russian Family” program, a subsidy for repayment of a mortgage from the state is provided under the following conditions:
- the age of both spouses is from 25 to 40 years;
- their official employment;
- the need to improve living conditions in connection with the situations listed above.
The procedure for obtaining material assistance from the state
The first thing to do in order to receive financial assistance from the state under the Housing program is to apply to the executive authority at the place of residence. In it you need to write that you need to improve living conditions. You can also go to the multifunctional center (MFC).
After that, you need to prove the fact of your solvency and wait for a decision. If the answer is yes, take the certificate.
Important!
A certificate for a subsidy under the Housing program is valid for two months. During this time, you must apply for a mortgage (in the absence of your own funds and maternity (family) capital).
The bank will need to provide:
- an identity document (passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation) of both spouses or one of them, if the family is incomplete;
- a certificate of income in the form of 2-NDFL and a document confirming the availability of money for a down payment;
- certificate of the state of housing;
- marriage certificate, if any.
And the administration will need a document that confirms the need to improve housing conditions. They may be:
- an act on the unsatisfactory condition of the apartment or residential building;
- a certificate stating that one person in the family has less than the norm of the area of an apartment or residential building established by law;
- an extract on the absence of an apartment or a residential building in the property (issued by Rosreestr).
Registration of a subsidy for paying a mortgage loan under the Young Family subprogram begins with an application to the local Housing Committee.
If you are placed on a waiting list, then, as with the Housing program, you will need to apply for a mortgage. As for the documents, they are the same, only a certificate of family composition is still needed.
In addition to obtaining a mortgage, financial assistance from the state under the Young Family subprogram can be directed to:
- for a down payment on a mortgage;
- for the last installment, if housing is purchased under an equity participation agreement (DDU);
- to pay off an already issued mortgage;
- to pay for the services of a construction company.
A feature of this program is that the real estate object must be the property of all family members, including children who are under 18 years old - it will not be possible to register an apartment or a residential building for someone alone.
But that's not all. Also, close relatives cannot appear in the contract of sale.
Has the municipality approved the application for participation in the Housing for Russian Families program? Then it is necessary to act according to the following algorithm.
- Select a real estate item. It can be an apartment in an apartment building; part of a single-family residential building with access to a common area (the house must stand on its own land and have no more than 3 floors); residential building up to 3 floors.
- Sign a contract of sale or equity participation (DDU) or arrange a mortgage.
To apply for a mortgage with a subsidy under the Housing for a Russian Family program, you need the same documents as for all other programs.
Financial assistance from banks
You can apply for a subsidy, if the apartment is in a mortgage, at the bank itself. For example, in Sberbank.
Everything is simple. You take out a mortgage at a reduced interest rate - 8.4% or 8.9% per annum. "Discount" is 2 and 2.5% per annum, respectively.
Housing is purchased from those companies that are partners of the bank. Sberbank has more than two hundred of them. Most of the interest is paid by the partner, the rest - by the bank.
The specifics of this offer from Sberbank are as follows:
- an apartment or a residential building can be bought only from a limited number of companies (although there are many of them);
- if Sberbank employees respond positively, then the documents will need to be submitted within 3 months;
- the amount cannot be less than 300 thousand rubles;
- the amount cannot cover more than 85% of the price of the real estate object;
- term - not less than 7 and not more than 30 years;
- there is an opportunity to use maternity (family) capital;
- there is an opportunity to use a social tax deduction;
- It is possible to use letters of credit.
Suspended State Mortgage Subsidy Program
A few words should also be said about the suspended state program for subsidizing mortgages. In 2015, mortgage rates soared to unprecedented heights (more than 20% per annum).
In order to somehow support the population, this state program was adopted. The subsidy for the mortgage taken was calculated as follows: 2.5% per annum was added to the Central Bank's rate.
The state mortgage subsidy program was valid if:
- interest rate not more than 12% per annum;
- amount - up to 3 million rubles;
- term - up to 30 years;
- down payment - 20 percent or more of the value of the immovable property;
- signed a health and life insurance contract.
And, most importantly, the execution of the mortgage agreement had to fall on the period from March 1, 2015 to January 1, 2017.
The documents were sent to the Ministry of Finance. It also determined the amount of material assistance.
Many experts believe that due to the difficult situation in the economy, the program we have reviewed can be extended.
And what is the result?
Thus, in our country there are several programs for subsidizing mortgages. Moreover, both from the state and from banks.
In the first case, we are talking about such programs as "Housing" (with the subprogram "Young Family") and "Housing for the Russian family." The conditions are slightly different depending on the subject of the Russian Federation (RF). You can get information at the local administration, including on its official website, or at the multifunctional center (MFC).
In the second case, everyone will tell the bank.
The disadvantage of financial assistance from the bank in the form of a mortgage discount is that housing is purchased from a limited number of companies. Therefore, residents of small settlements will have to spend a lot of time looking for an apartment or residential building.
A subsidy for paying a mortgage, even if it is very small, is an excellent help in solving the housing problem. Therefore, the time spent on going to different authorities and preparing documents will definitely pay off.
