- This is a set of measures to coordinate architectural, volume-planning, constructive and engineering design solutions with the functional purpose of the building and the peculiarities of the technological processes implemented in the designed building. At the development stage of the "TX" section, PNProject specialists lay the foundation for the effective functioning of the capital construction facility.
According to the Government Decision of February 16, 2008, No. 87 "On the composition of the sections of project documentation and requirements for their content" subsection "Technological decisions" is part of the section "Information about engineering equipment, engineering networks, a list of engineering and technical events , content of technological solutions. " Ready technological decisions are subject to independent expert assessment.
The development of technological solutions is carried out in parallel with architectural and constructive solutions, since these sections are interconnected: the architecture and design characteristics of the building affect the effectiveness of the implementation of technological processes. The final refinement of architectural solutions is carried out only after the complete approval of the TX section. Thus, all design decisions are linked to a single agreed system with one goal - to design a nicely functioning facility.
Technological solutions are developed for the following objects:
General Principle of Technological Development
At the technological design stage, PNProject specialists perform a volume and spatial modeling of the building premises, taking into account the characteristics of technological processes of various nature. The technological process in this case is a wide concept, the essence of which depends on the specifics of the construction site. For example, for a manufacturing enterprise - this is the process of manufacturing products, for hotel complexes - the process of servicing guests, for shopping and entertainment centers - a whole range of operations related to the efficient activity of outlets and entertainment facilities, for medical and recreational enterprises - a sequence of therapeutic measures and Providing processes with medical equipment and preparations.
Technological solutions have a direct impact on the placement of engineering networks of water supply, sewage, ventilation, air conditioning, power supply, heating. Engineer-technologist issues a technical task to develop a project of engineering communications. Also, according to the development of the section "TX", refinement and final optimization of constructive and architectural solutions are carried out. Architects and technology of our company actively interact with each other to achieve the highest possible result. In the process of developing technological solutions, the geodetic and geological parameters of the site, the binding of the facility to engineering communications and the road network is taken into account.
Initial data for the development of technological solutions
- Technical task for design;
- General plan;
- Architectural solutions;
- Constructive and volume planning solutions.
Composition of the section "Technological solutions": Explanatory note
Subsection of the project "TX" project includes an explanatory note with the justification of the projected design solutions. For example, in the design of industrial enterprises in the text part, information on production processes manufactured by products are given. The peculiarities of the enterprise technological scheme are considered, the requirements relating to the organization of production, information on the complexity of the implementation of technological operations. The need for energy resources is justified to provide basic production needs.
A description of ways to move raw materials, consumables and finished products is provided. A number of substantiations regarding the development of a technological scheme, the choice of types and the number of units of the main equipment, mechanisms, vehicles and automated systems are formulated. Particular attention is paid to the development of a complex of measures to ensure safe work on hazardous production facilities. If necessary, the text part is complemented by certificates and permissions confirming the compliance of technological processes by security requirements.
The explanatory note provides the estimated number and qualification composition of the personnel, the number of jobs with a description of their technical equipment for various groups of production processes. For all construction objects, without exception, the obligatory stage of the TX section is the development of measures to comply with the requirements of labor protection and the environment, fire safety. The textual part presents the calculations of harmful emissions in the reservoirs and the atmosphere, activities are listed for minimizing such emissions. Information about the form, the danger class and the number of waste and the methods of their disposal are given.
Graphic part of the subsection "TX"
The graphic part of the "TX" subsection includes technological schemes for planning premises and placing technological equipment. Layout schemes indicating the areas of the main zones are accompanied by the explications of the premises. In accordance with the requirements of the TK, the engineer performs the zoning of premises with the placement of technological equipment. The drawings indicate the overall dimensions of the equipment, assembling bindings and the width of the passages, calculated on the basis of safety and production efficiency. The schemes of technological processes are displayed indicating the path of moving the production object at all stages - from the receipt of raw materials to the manufacture of finished products. The plans indicate the installation sites of vehicles, placement of control sections. The graphic part is accompanied by the specification of technological equipment.
Any large enterprise needs a reconnaissance of the documentation where the company's policy will be and justified, turnover, the number of rooms, their purpose, as well as equipment. All data on production cycles and the procedures for holding any work - economic, industrial, minor - should be summarized in the same section of the entire project - subsection "TX".
In this article we will talk about the technological solutions that it is, as well as what place they occupy in the process of designing buildings under industrial purposes.
Section "TX" - its place in the project
In order for the construction of the construction is a targeted, fully reasonable, as well as cost-effective, it is necessary to plan in advance which areas are necessary for each workshop and procedure. Even the place under technical waste and the regularity of the destruction of garbage, its estimated daily norm and other parameters have a weighty value.
So that unpredictable requirements do not appear in the process of using the building, it is required to present the work plan in advance - the volume of goods, storage of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products, warehouse sites, storage conditions and many other factors. This will make the project as convenient as possible for operation.
The task of technological design of enterprises is to combine construction norms with real working conditions of the plant. This means that the process of drawing the floors of buildings will be directly regulated by the "TX" section.
Thus, the OTP, that is, the main technologies, are developed at the stage of pre-project preparation. This allows at the time of creating a project to take into account the need for certain engineering systems, for example, to equip several refrigerator rooms for storing perishable products. Also, the development of OTP helps to save labor resource and material tools, since with a predetermined configuration of the premises and installation of the equipment will not need reconstruction. If this section is not implemented in the documentation, it may happen that a month after the building, it will have to redo it - move the rooms, equip the mechanisms and so on.
In addition, TX is required not only when the new construction is erected, but also when rewarming, an extension of an already functioning enterprise. This information will help to conduct a procedure for creating a project for state building standards and further operation.
Objectives and Tasks of Technological Design
Since all the activities of engineers in the preparation of this section are aimed at combining two processes - the material and functional benefit from the structure, then such a complex of tasks is distinguished:
- The most efficient use of the useful area and usually unused space. For example, some engineering systems, such as ventilation, can be carried out under the ceiling, and a number of others - combine uniform.
- Providing the amount of load of all equipment so that there are no interruptions in the production process. This is carried out by preliminary calculation of workplaces and machines involved in one production cycle.
- The possibility of expanding the plant. Studies are conducted, thanks to which it is possible to obtain an approximate forecast - through which time can be expected to modernize or reconstruct the entire project.
- Organization of stream of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products on premises and shops. It is easier in this plan with liquid, bulk substances, chemicals, since pipelines are being developed for them. Also in a complex of technological design for transportation can be included in conveyor belts, lifting mechanisms, as well as the gasket of railway rails in the event of transportation between large departments of a significant amount of daily goods.
- Coordination of the project and the passage of examination in government bodies. One of the objectives of the "TX" section is to check the entire design package for compliance with the norms, statestandards, as well as the joint venture and SNiP for the construction of individual elements of the building. All designs are taken into account - the construction itself and the construction site, the laying of all engineering systems, the need to work with heavy equipment, safety in the workplace, sanitary working conditions and much more.
- The expedient use of the structural characteristics of the building for production purposes. The configuration of the premises, the location of the warehouses, the need for garages and hangars for equipment, as well as the requirements for strengthening the foundation for large-sized equipment and much more are taken into account. Simply put, TX sets certain conditions before the designer, for example, that the warehouse with the raw material is over the processing shop, and the communication channel was adjusted between them, etc.
- Accounting for the possibility of conducting in the building of fire, environmental and other measures to protect human and the environment, taking into account the type of production. If natural resources are involved in the manufacturing process, for example, water from the nearest reservoir, then also in the requirements will be the development of a zone for filtering and cleaning the fluid from impurities when returning to the river, and if it is impossible due to significant contamination, technical septic tanks are envisaged.
- Selection of equipment for work. What machines, in what quantities are needed to implement the production cycle. Evaluation of their economic payback.
The list of these tasks can be continued as long as many elements of construction and items to ensure the work of labor can be at one plant.
Engineer's activities in the design of technological objects
In the process of developing a section "TX" in the project, the specialist solves the following problems that may occur at the time of construction or already during operation:
- Making a scheme for the accessibility of an approach to engineering networks. This especially concerns access points to electrical panels, automated items, that is, those nodes where regular maintenance is required. Also, when designing, the rules for summing up tracks, the absence of enclosing structures to communications lines. The process also describes the service frequency and possible elements that will be required for replacement.
- A project of engineering systems is fully created. Especially at this stage it concerns power consumption. The calculations of the optimal amount of electricity, which will be consumed daily. Since this pre-project stage, the drawing of wiring schemes is not yet available, but a preliminary plan may be required - which lines of tension and current are required for certain objects. For example, high-voltage cables are needed for machine to work in one workshop, while the neighboring room does not require high voltages.
- Design of household premises.
- Accounting for personal care of employees, as well as their safety. This applies primarily by the type of lighting, which is required for a certain type of labor. According to legislation for different industries, and even for different stages, a different amount of light is needed. So you can determine in advance, in which shops you need bright artificial lamps, and where is a fairly classic combined version - a natural flow of light from windows and ceiling lighting equipment.
Also, the activity of the engineer in the development of the "TX" section affects the implementation of all of the above tasks, it helps to pre-design the entire object. Make this is the most convenient on the computer software from ZWSoft. All programs have a convenient toolkit, library of elements, dynamic blocks. This makes the work of the engineer much easier, as it is possible to schematically make a plan, and during the project stage in detail, in the same software, to draw up the drawings of the object itself and all engineering systems inside.
Initial data for the development of a technological design of production, place OTP in the design
We have already said that this is a pre-project stage, that is, the creation of a section is the collection of useful information about the object being projected before the construction decisions will be set. It is worth noting that it is possible to develop TX both when building a new object and under modernization, reconstruction of the old operating enterprise.
The second option is much more complicated, as it requires all previous plans for the construction, analysis of the real situation, existing processes, the accounting of discontent that arose during the work. The engineer will then summarize all the data obtained, compares them with new tasks and areas of the plant and offer the way of modernization for which capital construction is not required.
Thus, the purpose of the specialist at the time of the reorganization of the enterprise is to hold it with minimal changes in the construction of new premises, re-equipment. Thus, the place of OTP in design is preparation of data. But before developing the partition, you need to operate with the following information:
- functional design of the building - production, storage, transportation of substances, processing of raw materials or other purposes;
- a brief description of the plan - the floors, the number of parking spaces, the total area, the number of employees (or visitors, if it is a trading or public object);
- economic and engineering justifications of the project;
- compliance with the main design solutions to state regulations and standards.
Also, during the work of the engineer, he may need any information from the already developed pages - these are the sections "GP", "KR", "AR".
Basic documents of technological design of construction processes
In the process of activity, the specialist relies on modern Gosstandarts, legislative documents for the construction of buildings, laying engineering networks, to ensure security and sanitary standards of employees, etc. Here is the main list of regulatory documentation:
- SP 2.2.1.1312-03 "Hygienic requirements for the design of newly under construction and reconstructed industrial enterprises."
- Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 16.02.2008. No. 87 "On the composition of the sections of project documentation and requirements for their content."
- Federal Law of 03/30/1999 № 52-ФЗ. "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population."
- Sanpin 2.2.4.548-96 "Hygienic requirements for microclimate of industrial premises".
- SanPine 2.2.4.1191-03 "Electromagnetic fields in production conditions".
- Snip 31-06-2009 "Public buildings and structures".
- SNIP 2.09.04-87 "Administrative and household buildings".
- Snip 21-01-97 "Fire safety of buildings and structures".
- Manual P 2.2.2006-05 "Guide to the hygienic assessment of the factors of the working environment and the employment process. Criteria and classification of working conditions. "
- Sanpin 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03 "Hygienic requirements for natural, artificial and combined coverage of residential and public buildings."
Stages of technological design of production
- Collection and analysis of source data.
- Performance of technical calculations on the issue of equipment and jobs.
- Selection of layout diagrams and plan development.
- Analysis of cargo flows.
- Development of the layout and specifications location scheme.
- Preparation of tasks for the development of engineering and building solutions.
- Design and release of project documentation.
All stages should be carried out in the appropriate software. Consider options.
Automated Design Systems from ZWSoft
Zvsoft offers high-quality programs to compile the "TX" section, as well as for further work on the project. All software supports both graphic and text formats. - Analogue of "Autocad", but at an affordable price and with an attractive licensing system. Has functions:
- Creating two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects.
- Using dynamic blocks.
- 3D visualization.
- Built-in calculator.
- The function of copying the properties of the object.
- Dynamic input. And much more.
Also, the functionality of the program can be expanded using modules:
- - Lightweight design of engineering systems, trace laying, designation of all nodes and intersections.
- - automated filling of project and working documentation based on the requirements of GOST, SP, SNiP.
- - drawing up drawings in accordance with government standards, autoforming, summary of statistical tables.
Make your work with the project easier together with the programs from ZvSoft.
LLC GK Kontur - Cheboksary
Employment in accordance with labor legislation. Full social Package. Schedule from 8.00 to 17.00 at a five-day work week. Decent salary from 25,000 rubles. salary size ... Designer TX M3Vacancy ... 25000 RUR
on: hr-bo.ru. - 4 days / days ago
LLC Veles. - St. Petersburg
Development of technological schemes Development of working and project documentation Selection of technological equipment Conducting technological calculations Performing work documentation (nodes, details, sweeps ... Designer of work ... 30000
to: rabota.resumet.su (+1 source) - 8 days / days ago
IP Pozdeev S. G. - Perm.
Higher technical education. Knowledge of the regulatory and technical base for refineries, chemical industries, oil and gas production. The ability to work in programs: Compass-3D or AutoCAD. Experience in ... Designer Section TX ... 45000 RUR
on: hr-bo.ru. - 4 days / days ago
INTRATOOL -
The design organization performing projects of industrial facilities (workshops, warehouses, overpass, public appointment facilities) invites the leading engineer-technologist with a specialization in the field of enrichment ... Engineer Designer TX ... 65000 rub.
to: vakansia.net (+3 sources) - 14 days / days ago
Personnel Agency "Bureau of Personnel Services" - Moscow
Responsibilities: design of objects of storage and processing of vegetable raw materials: elevators, granaries, workshops, feed plants, etc. (Section TX), development of working documentation on conservation and ... engineer Designer TX technologist ... Contract
on: zarplata.ru. - 11 days / days ago
Accuracy LLC - Tver
Here you realize your potential interview will take place after considering a written summary. Engineer PTO Engineer Designer TX ...
on: hr-bo.ru (+1 source) - 19 days / days ago
CJSC Engineering Center "Technohim" - St. Petersburg
Development of mounting solutions based on technological schemes. Placing and blocking of technological equipment. Selection of support structures, compensators, and so on. Performing calculations for strength, vibration ... Designer TX technologist ...
on: hr-bo.ru (+3 sources) - 17 days / days ago
Norilsk Nickel, MMC - St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg
Development of layout solutions of pre-project, project and working documentation for all overdocatting processing factories, in particular ore preparatory complexes, reagent departments, departments of the main ... Lead Engineer Designer TX ...
to: vakansia.net (+4 sources) - 20 days / days ago
